CC BY
67
DOI: 10.12731/2218-7405-2013-7-27
MECHANISMS OF ENSURE WITH TECHNICAL AND OTHER MEANS OF REHABILITATION FOR CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES IN UKRAINE
Kornienko S.K.
The paper discusses mechanisms for children with disabilities and other technical means of rehabilitation at this stage as one of the main directions of the state policy in the sphere of social protection of children with disabilities.
The goal: a theoretical justification of mechanisms of government social policy in the area of children with disabilities and other technical means of rehabilitation at this stage.
Method of work: theoretical analysis of the current scientific and legal documents related to this article.
Results: On the basis of the analysis, the directions of the state policy in the sphere of social welfare of children with disabilities, technical and other means of rehabilitation at the present stage, as follows:
1) In the laws of Ukraine concerning the State Budget of Ukraine per year there is a need to include an increase in the cost of these funds and for the functioning of the centralized data bank on disability;
2) Effective collaboration between the departments of Labor and Social Protection of the local administrations, prosthetic - orthopedic companies, service centers to each other;
3) The establishment of branch laboratory of orthopedic footwear, construction, reconstruction and modernization of hospitals and primary complex prosthetic limb - orthopedic clinics, clinics Ukrainian Scientific - Research Institute of Prosthetics, Prosthesis and rehabilitation;
4) Expansion of the network of service centers to provide persons with disabilities technical and other means of rehabilitation, and maintenance of these facilities;
5) Expanding the range of technical and other means of rehabilitation for children with disabilities. The area of application of the results: the system of social protection.
Keywords: children with disabilities, technical and other means of rehabilitation, the service center, orthopedic - orthopedic company.
МЕХАНИЗМЫ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ДЕТЕЙ С ИНВАЛИДНОСТЬЮ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИМИ И ДРУГИМИ СРЕДСТВАМИ РЕАБИЛИТАЦИИ В УКРАИНЕ
Корниенко С.К.
В статье рассматриваются механизмы обеспечения детей с инвалидностью техническими и другими средствами реабилитации на современном этапе как одного из основных направлений реализации государственной политики в сфере социальной защиты детей с инвалидностью.
Цель: теоретически обосновать механизмы государственной социальной политики в сфере обеспечения детей с инвалидностью техническими и другими средствами реабилитации на современном этапе.
Метод проведения работы: теоретический анализ современных научных и правовых документов по теме статьи.
Результаты: на основе проведенного анализа определены направления государственной социальной политики в сфере обеспечения детей с инвалидностью техническими и другими средствами реабилитации на современном этапе, а именно:
1) в законах Украины о Государственном бюджете Украины на соответствующий год предусматривать увеличение расходов на указанные средства и на функционирование Централизованного банка данных по проблемам инвалидности;
2) обеспечение эффективного взаимодействия структурных подразделений труда и социальной защиты населения местных администраций, протезно-ортопедических предприятий, сервисных центров между собой;
3) создание отраслевой лаборатории ортопедической обуви, строительство, реконструкция и модернизация стационаров первичного и сложного протезирования протезно-ортопедических предприятий, клиники Украинского научно - исследовательского института протезирования, протезостроения и восстановления трудоспособности;
4) расширение сети сервисных центров по обеспечению лиц с инвалидностью техническими и другими средствами реабилитации, технического обслуживания этих средств;
5) расширение номенклатуры технических и других средств реабилитации для детей с инвалидностью.
Область применения результатов: система социальной защиты населения.
Ключевые слова: дети с инвалидностью, технические и другие средства реабилитации, сервисный центр, протезно-ортопедические предприятия.
One of the key challenges facing society and the state is to improve the quality of life of children with disabilities, to create appropriate conditions for their integration and full participation in life. Due to objective circumstances, they need proper attention from society and State.
According to Art. 26 Convention on the Rights of Disabled Persons states should take measures to provide persons with disabilities, including children, the opportunity to achieve and maintain maximum independence, full physical, mental,
social and vocational ability and full inclusion and participation in all aspects of life
[5].
Creating the conditions for removal limitations, because of disability caused bybreach of health are implemented at the national level within the framework of the Law of Ukraine "Rehabilitation of people with disabilities in Ukraine".
According to the recommendations of the Council of Europe, the consistent policy of rehabilitation of persons with disabilities, including children, aimed for the prevention of the growth of disability, combating its effects, enhancing the personal autonomy of people with disabilities, including children and ensuring their economic independence and full integration into society.
The most difficult category of disabled peopleis the category of children with limited movement and self-service. An integrated approach to their rehabilitation can: firstly, exploit the rehabilitation potential of the child by the usage of an individual approach to its implementation. One of the aspects of realization of this are the individual rehabilitation programs, which contain all the necessary measures to compensate the lost functions, and secondly, to optimally choose technical means of rehabilitation and, most importantly, to give your child the opportunity to master them and continue to use them effectively.
According to Article 26 of the Law of Ukraine " Rehabilitation of people with disabilities in Ukraine," the State guarantees the development, production, technical and other means of rehabilitation and purchase of special vehicles, medical devices and ensuring children with disabilities with them, children with disabilities to social adaptation, facilitation of work and life, communication of children with disabilities, spreads information about this product [6].
By the decree of Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine from 03.12.2009 № 1301 "On Approval of the Procedure of ensuring people and children with disabilities with technical and other means for rehabilitation" for the maximum compensation of functions of damaged organs to medical and social rehabilitation of children with disabilities with functions' and systems' violation there had been approved the
procedure of determining the mechanism of free ensuring, including children with disabilities, with technical and other means of rehabilitation (hearing aids, urinal, diapers and technical means of linguistic output: glucometers, thermometers and tonometers [3].
With appropriate medical report technical and other means of rehabilitation, including cars, under Article 38 of the Law of Ukraine "On the basis of the social protection of people with disabilities in Ukraine Social Protection of the Disabled in Ukraine" are given to people with disabilities, including children, free of charge or on preferential terms. [4]
Children with disabilities have priority right to be provided with technical and other means of rehabilitation and medical supplies.
Until recently, a person with a disability does not have any independent right to elect a wheelchair and his producer because they bought for tenders on the basis of generalized propositions of persons with disabilities. Thus, there was a conflict of legislation, when on the one hand it was necessary to advance public order form, to procurement, the results of which determine companies that provide individuals with disabilities, including children, with rehabilitation equipment, full range of products and their prices, on the other hand - a person with a disability or a representative of a child with a disability himself could choose the company for prosthetic and orthopedic services, in which the results of individual survey will be presented custom, defined type of rehabilitation equipment and its actual cost.
Also, recently there was a tendency to reduce the amount of public funding in respect of people with disabilities, including children with technical and other means of rehabilitation. Under these conditions, there sequence for rehabilitation increased annually, which caused social tensions among people with disabilities.
Taking into consideration the foregoing, and in order to implement the best practices of European countries, which have moved away from wholesale purchases of rehabilitation equipment from manufacturers, in 2012 there had been introduced a new mechanism for people with disabilities, including children, with technical and
other means of rehabilitation, which provides that a person with a disability can independently choose for provision their individual needs and based on medical evidence and other technical means of rehabilitation (model and manufacturer) that will meet the qualification requirements set by the Ministry of Social Policy.
Therefore, the transition to personalized support people with disabilities and other technical means of rehabilitation for individual applications according to personal needs was a necessary step for the implementation of government guarantees and increased social support. The concept of reform for persons with disabilities and other technical means of rehabilitation received positive reviews and are actively supported by the public.
To implement a new mechanism to ensure, provision with an effective targeted assistance to people with disabilities, including children, under public treasury and prosthetic-orthopedic enterprises there have been established service centers to ensure people with disabilities and with technical and other means of rehabilitation and maintenance of these facilities.
Thus, for provisionpeople with disabilities with appropriate technical means of rehabilitation, for him or for the representative of a child with a disability, should contact the district department of labor and social policy with the necessary documents to obtain referrals for treatment to orthopedic company, which manufactures rehabilitation tools that meet requirements of this person.
In order to implement Article 41 of the Law of Ukraine "On the rehabilitation of people with disabilities in Ukraine", the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine Decree from 16.02.2011 № 121 approved the Regulation on centralized data bank on disability (hereinafter - CDB), which is defined by the establishment, operation and maintenance of a centralized database with a disability as interagency automated system for determining the needs of people with disabilities in the media, events and services [2].
However, currently the Ministry of Social Policy has not been completed CDB formation as a unified system of collection and analysis of statistical data concerning
the number of people with disabilities, including children and their needs. Because of uncompleted development and implementation of software, lack of proper interaction with CDB users, its further operation in the actual mode is problematic. CDB system support is not provided by backup server that threatens loss of data already loaded. Informational access is not provided to the CBI as well as exchanging information in an automated mode to its users, namely the Ministry of Health - to retrieve data from individual rehabilitation programs for people with disabilities, the Pension Fund of Ukraine, which prevents the determination of the actual need for rehabilitation measures and track their performanceat the national level.
In addition thelack of adequate bank's financing and therefore low speed of making and receiving information. This factor adversely affects the departments of labor and social welfare as well as companies-performers procurement.
The actual problem in Ukraine is increasing number of people with disabilities, posture violations and musculoskeletal disorders - skeletal system, requiring usage of prostheses. According to statistics from M.F. SitenkaInstitute of spine and joints, Academy of medical sciences of Ukraine, one in four caseshappens a violation of posture and 5-6 people from each 1,000 population (over 40,000 people) have scoliosis. Thus, appropriate prosthetic device is expanding the range of different purposes for the rehabilitation of children and adults with scoliotic disease and the continuous development of orthopedic products. Especially it is true for the products for rehabilitation of children, which would allow time to correct or reduce pathological changes.
To ensure proper quality level and rehabilitation services, as well as systems of their control,we really considerthe necessity of developing the national standards harmonized with European standards, the technical means of rehabilitation for people with disabilities to determine the level of quality and service, to ensure technical and other means of rehabilitation, development of test equipment for clinical and operational tests of various types of technical means of rehabilitation, the construction, reconstruction, modernization of technical equipment and state
enterprises and clinics of Ukrainian institute of prosthetics, prosthesis and rehabilitation (Kharkiv).
This will allow, firstly, to provide people with disabilities, including children, with modern technical means of rehabilitation and prevent the occurrence of low-quality products in Ukraine, and secondly, to enter the international market with competitive products that the quality and aesthetic rates not concede the best products of foreign manufacturers.
To summarize, for the effective functioning of the ensuring system with rehabilitation equipmentfor people with disabilities, we should: 1) consider in the laws of Ukraine on the State budget of Ukraine for the definite year the increasing expenditures in accordance with the need for these facilities, and on the functioning of centralized data bank on disability; 2) ensure an effective interaction between structural departments of labor and social welfare under local administrations, prosthetic - orthopedic companies, service centers between each other; 3) establish of branch laboratories on orthopedic shoes, construction, reconstruction and modernization of hospitals and primary complex prosthetic prosthetics - orthopedic companies, clinics of Ukrainian scientific-research Institute of prosthetics, prosthesis and rehabilitation; 4) expanding the network of service centers for people with disabilities with technical and other means of rehabilitation and maintenance of these devices; 5) expanding the range of technical and other means of rehabilitation for children with disabilities.
Perspectives for further study are expected to take place in the study of other problems of integration of children with disabilities in contemporary Ukrainian society.
References
1. Procedure for the provision of technical and other means of rehabilitation of persons with disabilities, children with disabilities and other specific categories of the
population, the list of such funds: Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of 05.04.2012 № 321. Collected from 26.04.2012 № 76.
2. On approval of the centralized data bank: Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of 16.02.2011 № 121. Official Bulletin of Ukraine from 25.02.2011 № 12, article 523.
3. On Approval of the Procedure of disabled persons and children with disabilities, technical and other means: Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of 03.12.2009 № 1301. Official Bulletin of Ukraine, the number of 14.122009 94, p. 34, 3210 article.
4. On the basis of social protection of disabled people in Ukraine: the Law of Ukraine of 21.03.1991 № 875-XII. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. 1991. № 21. Art. 252.
5. On Ratification of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and its Optional Protocol: The Law of Ukraine from 16.12.2009 № 1767-VI. Official Bulletin of Ukraine. 2010. № 17.
6. On the Rehabilitation of the Disabled in Ukraine: the Law of Ukraine of 06.10.2005 № 2961-IV. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. 2006. № 2-3. Art. 36.
Список литературы
1. О ратификации Конвенции о правах инвалидов и Факультативного протокола к ней: Закон Украины от 16.12.2009 № 1767-VI // Официальный вестник Украины. 2010. № 17.
2. О реабилитации инвалидов в Украине: Закон Украины от 06.10.2005 № 2961-IV// Официальный вестник Украины.- 2005.- № 44.
3. Об основах социальной защищенности инвалидов в Украине: Закон Украины от 21.03.1991 № 875-XII // Ведомости Верховной Рады Украины. 1991. № 21. Ст. 252.
4. Об утверждении Положения про Централизованный банк данных: Постановление Кабинета Министров Украины от 16.02.2011 № 121// Официальный вестник Украины. 2011. № 12.
5. Об утверждении Порядка обеспечения инвалидов и детей-инвалидов техническими и другими средствами: Постановление Кабинета Министров Украины от 03.12.2009 № 1301 // Официальный вестник Украины. 2009. № 94.
6. Порядок обеспечения техническими и другими средствами реабилитации инвалидов, детей-инвалидов и других отдельных категорий населения, перечень таких средств: Постановление Кабинета Министров Украины от 05.04.2012 № 321 // Официальный вестник Украины. 2012. № 31.
DATA ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Kornienko Svetlana Konstantinovna, postgraduate student
National academy of public management under the President of Ukraine Pereulok Museyny, 12, Kiev, 01601, Ukraine e-mail: svetlanka-kornienko@rambler. ru
ДАННЫЕ ОБ АВТОРЕ
Корниенко Светлана Константиновна, аспирант
Национальная академия государственного управления при Президенте Украины
переулок Музейный, д. 12, г. Киев, 01601, Украина e-mail: svetlanka-kornienko@rambler. ru
