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(jj II < 5л ' 1-1Ф Jf| "tH -1 щг 1 - 4_W -TP gri I r^g) MEASURES TO IMPROVE SAFETY ON THE MOUNTAIN ROADS Eshanbabaev Abror Arslanovich, Namangan engineering-pedagogical institute, Uzbekistan, Namangan E-mail: abror 1966@mail.ru
Аннотация. В статье проанализирован ряд мероприятий для обеспечения безопасности движения транспортного средства на горных дорогах.
Ключевые слова: автомобиль, безопасность, снежных лавин, снегозаносов, подъем, спуск, информации водителей, торможение, автомобильных дорог, ограниченной видимости, обгон, продольных уклон, правил дорожного движения, крутых спуск, кривых малых радиусов, дополнительных полос.
Abstract. The article analyzed a number of measures to ensure the safety of the vehicle on mountain roads.
Key words: car, safety, avalanches, snow skidding, lifting, lowering, driver information, braking, roads, reduced visibility, overtaking, longitudinal slope, traffic, steep descents, small radius curves, additional lanes.
The problem of provision of security and organization of traffic on the mountain roads attract a lot of attention worldwide due to the significant loss of life and material losses during accidents.
In the Republic, this problem is of particular importance, as the fast process of motorization of the country leads to a continuous inclusion of new drivers in the road-movements who do not have any great experience in managing cars in heavy traffic. It affects also ahead of the curve of the output of vehicles in comparison with the growth rate of the extent of the road network and the improvement of its technical level on traffic safety.
For safety on the roads, it is necessary to execute a wide range of activities:
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- To develop a car design, especially with the improvement of brake systems;
- To equip vehicles with special devices (such as seat belts, instrument panel with a soft, energy-absorbing steering column, air safety bags);
- To improve discipline on-road and the promotion of traffic safety among drivers' population;
- To improve the designing of mountain roads;
- To improve the performance of the technology of road construction works, in particular the provision of adequate smoothness and roughness of the coatings, the preservation of these qualities in the service road.
- Strict observance of how the drivers are following traffic rules;
- To preserve good technical condition of vehicles (good visibility, reliable brake system, comfort control);
- To provide the plan and longitudinal profile of the road unimpeded movement calculated intensity of the flow of cars at a predetermined rate;
- To maintain service repair and transport as well as road performance qualities (smoothness, strength);
- To timely eliminate the impact of external factors on traffic conditions (rain, ice, snow drifts);
- To improve the professional skills of drivers, the study of driver education and technical training networks in enterprises of basic information about the impact of mining roads and traffic conditions on road safety and vehicle operating conditions;
- To provide timely information about the drivers permanent variable driving conditions on the road (fog, ice) by setting the warning road signs with variable information;
- To strengthen the propaganda of traffic rules through printing, television, radio, and other means.
Thus, the issues of safety on the mountain roads can be resolved only by joint efforts of specialists in various branches of science and technology. None of these measures, taken in isolation, cannot fundamentally improve traffic safety.
Improving traffic safety on the mountain roads, developed in the research path, include the following activities:
- Widening of the carriageway;
- The device for further climbing lanes for slow-moving vehicles;
- The strengthening and broadening of the shoulders; roadway;
- The removal of barriers on the verges and the roadside, which could collide with the vehicle, when lost control;
- Reconstruction of curves in plan and longitudinal profile to increase your visibility;
- Widening narrow bridges;
- Roadway markings for better organization of the movement;
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- Installation of fencing and guide bars in hazardous areas;
- An illumination device in areas with frequent nocturnal traffic accidents;
- Contiguity equipment, entrances and exits;
- Broadening traffic lanes and causing a continuous centerline markings or installing concrete fence bilateral prohibiting exit into oncoming traffic;
- Increase in the radius of the curve in the vertical movement according to the speed;
- Device "emergency congresses", designed to gradually stop cars that have deteriorated braking system;
- Reconstruction of curves of small radiuses (can serve several purposes: increase the permissible speed to improve safety and transport quality of roads; a clearer organization of the movement, eliminating the possibility of races of cars into oncoming traffic, improve travel conditions along steep device turns, separation movement on curve direction, increasing the visibility of the curve by truncation device (this can be achieved by a device dividing strip or narrow rails islands));
- Improvement of geometric elements of the road (a complete overhaul site with improved technical standards, dividing strip device, easing the longitudinal slope);
- Installation of fences on curves, bridges and slopes;
- Marking the roadway in areas rises;
- Marking on the roadway curves in the plan;
- Lighting of roads;
- limit the maximum and minimum speeds [1];
- Regardless of the amount of motion in the tunnels it is necessary to arrange the edge of the carriageway markings and markings prohibiting overtaking moving into the oncoming traffic [2];
- The protection of mountain roads by avalanches, rock falls;
- Improvement of winter road maintenance;
- Improvement of the transverse profile of the road;
- Improvement of roadsides and slopes of subgrade of mountain highways, the elimination of the side obstacles;
- Improved visibility conditions [3].
In conclusion, you can emphasize particularly in our Republic we should hold a lot of work to improve safety on the mountain roads. Decision-making by the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan set for all professionals (road builders and scientists) with the task to "enhance the safety of traffic on the mountain roads and improve the quality of the construction, repair and maintenance of roads, by paying particular attention to improving traffic safety."
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Literature:
1. Babkov V.F. Road conditions and traffic safety. - M.: Transport. - 1982. - 288 p.
2. Babkov V.F. Divochkin O.A. and others. A copy of the research report. - M.: MADI. - 1981. - 72 s.
4. R. Elvik, A.B. Leyusen, T. Vaa. "Handbook of Road Safety" / Per. s NOK. Edited by prof. V.V. Silyanova / M: MADI (STU) 2001 754.
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