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MARKET AND CHALLENGES OF FAMILY BUSINESS BASED ON THE EXAMPLE
OF SPANISH COMPANY - VIGAR
E.Yu. Shatskaya, candidate of economic sciences, associate professor I.G. Esaulova, graduate student North-Caucases federal university (Russia, Stavropol)
Abstract. The article is devoted to describing one of the family-owned company and identifying the main difficulties that family-owned businesses face to. The article deals with the shining example of the history of Spanish family business. Market analysis was conducted on the basis of studying of company data, participation in Trento Marketing Challenge and available information of company as well as qualitative interviews with relevant stakeholders.
Keywords: family business, Vigar, market, family firm, generational transition crisis, Spanish family company, household market, globalization.
Today's stage of socio-economic development leads to the importance of focusing on the family business issues. Firstly, the main feature of family businesses should be clarified. Family company is an enterprise where one or more families related to each other by blood ties, generational transition, affinity, control and the majority of ownership is within the family.
Vigar is a family-owned medium size brand of functional and fun home items. They describe themselves as «specialists in transforming monotone objects into colourful, fun, poetic, unexpected and unconventional acces-sories». The company gets the inspiration for its designs mainly from nature using farm animals such as cats, cows and ducks as well as flowers and bees. They are experts in turning the everyday routine into an experience that is unique, positive and pleasant, since their colour schemes are bright happy colours where green, pink and red colours dominate.
The family company has an international business: the business group Casa Vigar has its headquarter in Spain where they focus on accounts, product development, some manufacturing along with distribution. In Spain, they have their headquarter, which is in Alicante, employs over 40 employees and has a size of 5000 m2, and the FUN STUDIO, located in Gata de Gorgos, which is involved with trading in Asia. They have further manufacturing and distribution in Peru with the VIGAR COMMERCIAL and with NIN-GOBO CHUYANG HOUSEWEAR in Ningbo, China. The trade office of China is
NINGBO YING QI HOUSEWEAR also in Ningbo, China. The VIGAR GROUP is also present in USA with their trade Office in New York, USA. Within this group they are selling and distributing to most of the world, namely in 44 countries.
Vigar has a long and proud history providing useful tools for everyday life. This family firm started 60 years ago as a family business and still is today: the company begun producing in the 50ties making one product, a broom made by reeds, wood and palms; back then, that was a one-person company. In the 80ties, they went national and opened several stores within Spain. They also started to explore the possibilities within their existing market; however, in the 90ties they completely changed their strategy and market. They started combining an emotional product design with functionality. Vigar started to find their personality and hereby getting more and more success as a company. In 2000 the Vi-gar's revolution came: they went international and became more and more aware of using environmentally friendly materials. Now they are not only in the stores around the world but also available online either through different e-commerce sites or through their own web shop.
In 2010 they became costumer oriented company and acquired their own manufacturing factory in China along with established distribution. In 2010, they already exported to 40 countries that sums up to 60 % of earnings. In 2010 Spanish family company was one of the leaders in designing fashion-
cleaning tools for the home. They reinvented their homepage, established an e-commerce and entered the social media, so that up until
2013, the company has continued to grow despite the global economic difficulties. In
2014, family-controlled company Vigar
stopped the collaboration with the OEM distributors in USA due some family related problems. This circumstance led to the growth curve, which is temporarily on pause [1]. Revenue growth of Vigar company is represented on Figure 1.
14000000 13500000 13000000 12500000 12000000 11500000 11000000 10500000
10000000
I
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Figure 1. Vigar's revenue growth
Vigar focuses on six capabilities concerning their products, namely: design & product development, moulds, injection, fibres, printing and not least textile sewing. Vigar evolved from a company that only offered their creative and fun products for cleaning to now offering five different product categories.
Products of the family company Vigar could be divided in the following categories:
1. The first category is cleaning and utilities where they concentrate on products for cleaning floors, removing dust, cleaning windows and different products for using around the sink area.
2. The second category they explored is utilities for the kitchen. This category they describe as «Table tops & Gadgets». It contains equipment for food preparation as well as products for easing organization. It also contains fabric products like table tops along with gadgets for wine and other drinks.
3. The third category is for the bathroom. Here they focus on products for bath and shower, bath sink products as well as utilities for cleaning the bathroom.
4. Laundry is the fourth category within the company and contains organizational products of the laundry.
5. The final and newest category, within Vigar, does not focuses on the home area, but rather on fun office supplies.
The company does not only focus on the creative products but also on the more basic ones. They have divided their products into three categories:
1. basic, that is price oriented and focused on functional items.
2. functional, where the design is in centrum
3. creativity, the category is the only one where all of the product categories are present - cleaning as well as office.
Spanish family company Vigar makes a great effort to show their products in the most recognized international shows, like the International Home and House wear show in Chicago, Ambiente in Frankfurt, the International House wear & Mega in Hong Kong, and they show off their products in Paris at the Maison & Objet show, too.
The company has only one distributor in Italy, which is «Maiuguali», but they have a
big market for cleaning utilities, which is nearly 50 %. The sales in this country peaked in 2011 but then dropped every year until this year where they have the lowest income so far.
The reference market for Vigar is the household market, which is defined by the goods and products that are tangible and movable personal properties.
The household market, according to the Thomson Reuters Business classification, could be divided into three sub-markets, which are [2]:
1. consumer electronics;
2. home furnishing;
3. appliances, tools and housewares.
The company works specifically is the third sub-category as produces housewares and cleaning tools for the house. The classification allows us to pinpoint which are Vigar's competitors and divide them between direct
and indirect competitors. The direct competitors are the ones who have similar characteristics to Vigar or which play in the same market sub-category; the indirect competitors are the ones that offer substitutional goods or play in the other two sub-categories: consumer electronics and home furnishing. Examples of direct and indirect competitors can be seen on Figure 2.
Vigar's target is generally women between 18 and 50 years old, which have a medium expenditure level, or a medium income. To be more specific since the target is quite large, we can also say that their target is interested not only in products that are useful but they are rather attracted from the design and creative aspect.
The business often represents a key part of a family's financial wealth but also of that family's tradition and legacy.
Figure 2. Direct and indirect competitors of Vigar
Undoubtedly, the job of operating a family business is frequently complicated by friction arising from rivalries involving a family members who hold positions in the business, or at least derive income from it.
The financial problem of the company has mostly happened due to lack of family firm's awareness of the importance of timely planning for intergenerational business transfer,
resulting in ill-prepared successions endangering Vigar's survival [3].
Moreover, there is a misunderstanding among older family members and young ones. It should be noted, that older family member of Vigar company need to step back and realize that the information that younger generations bring to their business can be vital to attracting new customers.
Thus, the generational transition crisis exists within Vigar company. Undoubtedly, younger family members may come in with their own ideas about how to win new customers and more productively run day-to-day operations, but older family members might not listen. Therefore, older generation should understand that sustainability of Vigar is not only about managing transitions within the family, but also about taking a long-term outlook on the wider sustainability agenda -promoting economic, environmental and social responsibility.
This is especially true of family businesses that have been passed down from previous generations, with little having been changed over time. One solution might be to come up with an agreement to allow younger-generation family members to add one new feature on a periodic basis. Older generations should be willing to let younger leaders make those changes if it improves the business. Developing a shared vision based on family values is an essential part for long-term family
Also, there is another disadvantage which is lack of family business specific management and entrepreneurship education. Those instruments help to manage a company in a better and right way.
To sum up, little is known yet about the existing institutional frameworks and instruments benefiting family businesses, and about their working methods and effects. Family companies have to cope with specific challenges not inherent to non-family businesses or affecting these to a lower extent. However, there is a great benefit of family-owned companies. Family businesses tend to focus on the firm's long-term sustainability rather than realising short-term profits and on realising generational changes in ownership and management. Within family businesses, there is a strong interrelationship between the family and the business. In contrast to non-family businesses that are mainly influenced by a single owner or a partnership of few partners, in family businesses the family is at the centre of the company, formally or informally influencing the business.
business success.
References
1. Vigar (2016). Available at: http://www.vigar.com/ (accessed 14 November 2016)
2. TRBC Sector Classification (2015). Available at: http://financial.thomsonreuters.com/ (accessed 1 November 2016)
3. Esposito De Falco S., Family business: ownership governance and management, Giappichelli Editore, Torino. 2016, - 217 p.
4. Henry Hutcheson. Dirty Little Secrets of Family Business: Ensuring Success from One Generation to the Next, 2016 - 314 p.
5. Aronoff, C., McClure, S., Ward, J. Family Business Succession: The Final Test of Greatness. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011, 104.
6. LeCouvie, K., Pendergast, J. Family Business Succession: Your Roadmap to Continuity. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014, 213 p.
7. Taylor, L.The Business of Family: How to Stay Rich for Generations. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2015, 194 p.
СЕМЕЙНЫЙ БИЗНЕС И ТРУДНОСТИ НА ПУТИ РАЗВИТИЯ СЕМЕЙНОГО ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА НА ПРИМЕРЕ ИСПАНСКОЙ КОМПАНИИ «ВИГАР»
Е.Ю. Шацкая, канд. экон. наук, доцент И.Г. Есаулова, магистрант Северо-Кавказский федеральный университет (Россия, г. Ставрополь)
Аннотация. Статья посвящена описанию семейного бизнеса на примере конкретной испанской компании «Вигар». В работе рассмотрена эффективность представленной международной компании и трудности, с которыми сталкивается семейный бизнес. Проведенный маркетинговый анализ компании «Вигар» был основан на данных, предоставленных компанией, также доступных информационных и статистических данных, равно как посредством участия в международном проекте «Маркетинговый вызов Университета Тренто».
Ключевые слова: семейный бизнес, Вигар, рынок, семейная фирма, кризис перехода между поколениями, испанский семейный бизнес, рынок бытовых предметов, глобализация.
