УДК 37
Annayeva A.,
Student of Pedagogical Secondary Vocational School named after Berdimuhamet Annayev of Arkadag city,
Arkadag, Turkmenistan
MAGTYMGULY PYRAGY AND DEVELOPMENT OF TURKMEN LITERATURE
Annotation
Magtymguly Pyragy stands as a towering figure in Turkmen culture, credited with laying the foundation for a distinct Turkmen written literature. This article explores his life and works, examining how he shaped the development of Turkmen literature and national identity.
Keywords:
Magtymguly Pyragy, turkmen literature, turkmen language, development national literacy
Аннаева А.,
Студентка Педагогического Среднего Профессионального Училища имени Бердымухамета Аннаева города Аркадаг,
Аркадаг, Туркменистан
МАХТУМКУЛИ ФРАГИ И РАЗВИТИЕ ТУРКМЕНСКОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ
Аннотация
Махтымкули Фраги является выдающейся фигурой в туркменской культуре, которому приписывают закладывание основы особой туркменской письменной литературы. В этой статье исследуется его жизнь и творчество, исследуется, как он повлиял на развитие туркменской литературы и национальной идентичности.
Ключевые слова:
Махтымкули Фраги, туркменская литература, туркменский язык, развитие национальной грамотности.
Introduction
Prior to the 18th century, Turkmen literary expression existed primarily in oral traditions. Magtymguly Pyragy emerged as a pivotal figure, transitioning Turkmen literature from an oral to a written form. His poems, imbued with social commentary, philosophical reflection, and a deep love for his people, became cornerstones of Turkmen national consciousness. Turkmen literature boasts a rich tapestry of oral traditions, but Magtymguly Pyragy, the 18th-century poet and philosopher, is widely recognized as the architect of its written form. His poems transcended mere words, becoming a potent symbol of Turkmen history, burgeoning national consciousness, and timeless humanistic ideals.
Magtymguly's Legacy:
Magtymguly's vast poetic output, estimated at around 800 poems (though some may be apocryphal), addressed a wide range of themes. He championed social justice, critiqued corrupt rulers, and advocated for unity among the Turkmen tribes. His poems, written in a refined Turkmen dialect, played a crucial role in standardizing the Turkmen literary language.
Key Contributions:
Foundational Works: Magtymguly's poems established a foundation for future Turkmen literature. His innovative use of meter, rhyme, and imagery set a precedent for subsequent generations of writers.
Social Commentary: He addressed social ills like tribal feuds and injustice. His poems explored themes of love, friendship, and the importance of education.
National Identity: Magtymguly's poems fostered a sense of national unity among the Turkmen people. His emphasis on shared history, language, and culture resonated deeply. Magtymguly's works served as a powerful tool for fostering a sense of national identity among the Turkmen people. He celebrated their rich cultural heritage, traditions, and nomadic way of life. His poems instilled a sense of pride and unity, particularly during a period of political fragmentation.
Enduring Impact:
Today, Magtymguly Pyragy remains a revered national icon in Turkmenistan. His poems are studied in schools, recited at cultural events, and continue to inspire contemporary writers. His legacy extends beyond literature, with his image adorning national currency and monuments erected in his honor. Magtymguly's genius lay in his mastery of the Turkmen language. He composed primarily in the Ahal dialect, promoting its use as a literary language and influencing the development of a standardized Turkmen script. His poems, characterized by vivid imagery, rhythmic flow, and accessible language, resonated deeply with the common people.
Conclusion:
Magtymguly Pyragy's influence on Turkmen literature is undeniable. He spearheaded the transition to written literature, established a rich poetic tradition, and played a significant role in shaping Turkmen national identity. His enduring legacy continues to inspire and shape Turkmen culture today. Magtymguly Pyragy stands as a towering figure in Turkmen literature, credited with laying the foundation for a written literary tradition and shaping the national identity of the Turkmen people. This paper delves into the life and works of Magtymguly, exploring his influence on the development of Turkmen literature. References:
1. Краткая литературная энциклопедия. — М., 1972.
2. Предисловие А. Зырина и М. Овезгельдыева к изданию Махтумкули, Стихотворения, Советский писатель, Ленинградское отделение, 1984.
3. Нуры Байрамов «Долгая дорога», Ашхабад, «Магарыф», 1986. В составе сборника повесть «Долгая дорога» (перевод Михаила Гребнева) о Махтумкули.
© Annayeva A., 2024
УДК 37
Atamuradova J.,
Instructor of Magtymguly Turkmen State University,
Ashgabat, Turkmenistan Hudayberdiyeva E., Amanova J.,
Students of Magtymguly Turkmen State University,
Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
ENGLISH PUNCTUATION Annotation
Punctuation, the seemingly simple set of marks scattered throughout written English, plays a critical role in conveying meaning and structure. This article delves into the multifaceted world of English punctuation, examining its historical development, core functions, and the impact it has on clear and effective communication.