CC BY
5
Sarikulov M. O. teacher
"Natural Sciences " department Andijan State Pedagogical Institute Saidto^rayeva Kh.I.
1st grade student "Basics of Geography and Economic Knowledge"
ADPI
LOGISTICS COMPLEXES SPECIALIZED IN INTENSIVE CULTIVATION, PROCESSING, DRYING AND SALE OF FRUIT AND VEGETABLE PRODUCTS IN KHOJHAABAD DISTRICT (AS AN EXAMPLE OF NAVIGUL LOGISTICS CENTER)
Annotation: In this article, logistics complexes specializing in the processing, drying and sale of fruit and vegetable products in Khojaabad district (as an example of the logistics center "Navigul"), their importance in the economy of the district, indicators of economic efficiency, available jobs creation, export potential were discussed.
Key words: Cluster, logistics, drip irrigation, bordeaux liquid, abresquitl, chemical preparations, veretino form, potassium, phosphorus, intensive, extensive.
Introduction: Analysis of the experiences of developed countries in the cultivation, storage, processing and export of fruit and vegetable products shows the need to develop cooperation and clusters of producers of these products. In particular, a number of decrees and decisions have been adopted in recent years. These include PF-5388 of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated March 29, 2018 "On additional measures for the rapid development of fruit and vegetable growing in the Republic of Uzbekistan" and "Agriculture of the Republic of Uzbekistan" dated October 23, 2019 Decree No. PF-5853 "On approving the strategy for the development of agriculture for 2020-2030" and "On additional measures to increase the efficiency of the export of fruit and vegetable products to foreign markets" dated October 17, 2018 PQ-3978, March 14, 2019 PQ-4239 decisions "On measures to develop agricultural cooperation in the field of fruit and vegetable production" can be cited.
The main part: It is known that the current natural and climatic conditions in our country allow for the sustainable development of agricultural products, in particular, fruit and vegetable growing. The President and the government of the Republic of Uzbekistan pay great attention to the development of fruit and vegetable growing as a priority in the process of transitioning the industry to market relations. After all, the fact that a significant part of the foreign currency income of the country is formed due to the sale of
fruit and vegetable products in foreign markets indicates the priority of radical
reform and rapid development of the sector.
The process of agrotechnical processing of an intensive garden.
In 2017, a large logistics complex "Navigul" logistics center specializing in processing, drying, freezing and selling fruit and vegetable products was established in Khojaabad district of Andijan region. The total area of the enterprise is 1000 hectares. From this, intensive gardens were established on an area of 400 hectares. 100 hectares of these gardens are occupied by cherries, 150 hectares by peaches, 100 hectares by apples, 30 hectares by plums and 20 hectares by apricots. 1666 saplings are planted per hectare. The seedlings in the intensive garden are watered by drip irrigation.
Modern techniques are mainly used in the implementation of these processes. In particular, 8 minitractors, 6 platform trucks, 8 sprayers and the most modern drug sprayers are being used. In addition, 30-40 t of humus, 240260 kg of pure nitrogen, 120-150 kg of pure phosphorus and 60-70 kg of pure potassium are added annually in order to obtain high productivity. In an intensive garden planted in small grafts under fog conditions, the seedlings are cut 60 cm above and given shape. Seedlings coming from abroad are planted in the form of veretino, that is, the main leader branch is left and focused on giving more branches next to it. When shaping, 50 cm is left for the tree trunk in the main leader branch of the seedling, 8-10 eyes are left above it, 3 eyes are left in the ceiling, and the excess is cut. 250 people are employed in this intensive park. Trees are treated from December to May. From flowering to ripening, it is treated with various chemical preparations. Bordeaux liquid is sprinkled in early
spring. Fights against various pests. Cherry fruits begin to be picked from May. All fruits are harvested from May to October.
On the basis of the extensive factor, i.e., while preserving the old form of production, in the enterprises that have chosen the method of expanding the land area in agriculture, an average of 20 tons is obtained from 1 gram of land. In order to increase the yield in the extensive method, it is necessary to plant another 1 g of crops. This requires additional manpower and funds.
40-50 tons of crops are obtained from 1 gram area of these complex orchards, which are using the advanced technologies of selecting intensive factors and using the existing production potential. In total, 3,000 tons of crops are harvested from the gardens of the "Navigul" logistics center per year. All the harvested crops are exported under the label "Made in Uzbekistan". Currently, the fruits of the enterprise fill the markets of Russia, Germany, and Belarus.
Conclusion: In conclusion, foreign countries have great experience in creating intensive parks. If we can study the experiences of foreign countries and implement it in our country, this will be our big achievement. For this reason, today, great attention is being paid to improving the qualifications of personnel. Increasing the qualification of personnel is the guarantee of future success. Thanks to the establishment of intensive gardens, it will be possible to prevent food shortages in the future.
It can be said that the "Navigul" logistics center in Khojaabad district is an important sector in the economy of the district. The logistics complex, formed as a modern branch of agriculture, is currently achieving high efficiency by providing employment to 1,200 residents of the district with low expenditure. it is necessary to emphasize that it brings benefits to the economy together with exports to foreign countries.
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11. "Navigul" logistika markazi ish yuritish jurnali malumotlari.
