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16Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences Scientific Journal Impact Factor Advanced Sciences Index Factor
VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 6 ISSN 2181-1784 SJIF 2022: 5.947 ASI Factor = 1.7
BASICS OF FARMING ON SALINE AND SALINE-PRONE SOILS
Atamurodov B.N.,
Sobirov K.S., Najmiddinov M.M.
Bukhara Institute of Natural Resources Management of the National Research
University of TIIAME - 32, Gazli shokh ave., Bukhara, 105009, Uzbekistan E-mail: bekhruz_atamurodov@mail .ru
ABSTRACT
Sufficient measures are being taken to fill the markets of our country with high-quality food products, increase the number of Uzbek fruits and vegetables on world trade routes, as evidenced by the fact that soybeans are grown separately from legumes. paid. The goal is to reduce the mineralization of saline and saline soils, the cultivation of secondary shade in grain-free areas, and meeting the needs of the population through drip irrigation, as well as the preparation of nutritious feed for poultry.
Keywords: effusion water regime, global climate, zone, own, closed territory, leguminous crops.
Принимаются достаточные меры для наполнения рынков нашей страны высококачественными продуктами питания, увеличения количества узбекских фруктов и овощей на мировых торговых путях, о чем свидетельствует тот факт, что соевые бобы выращиваются отдельно от бобовых. оплачиваемый. Целью является снижение минерализации засоленных и засоленных почв, выращивание вторичной тени на беззерновых участках и удовлетворение потребностей населения за счет капельного орошения, а также приготовление питательных кормов для домашней птицы.
Ключевые слова: эффузивный водный режим, глобальный климат, зона, собственная, закрытая территория, зернобобовые культуры.
INTRODUCTION
A number of targeted measures are being implemented to fill the markets of our country with high-quality food products, increase the number of Uzbek fruits and vegetables on world markets, as evidenced by presidential decrees. Central Asia differs from other countries in climate, soil type and geographical location. Fruits and vegetables, cereals and legumes grown in this country differ from other regions in
АННОТАЦИЯ
Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences Scientific Journal Impact Factor Advanced Sciences Index Factor
VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 6 ISSN 2181-1784 SJIF 2022: 5.947 ASI Factor = 1.7
taste and quality. The question is, why? This is due to the natural conditions of the region. The climate of the region is sharply continental, with hot summers and cold winters. The crops grown here are saturated with hot sunlight and are far from artificial. In addition, special attention is paid to land and water in the region. Analyzing Uzbekistan from the point of view of its natural geographical location, in recent years the country has implemented consistent reforms aimed at improving the efficiency of land and water resources use, improving water management systems, modernization and development of water bodies.
DISCUSSION AND RESULTS
At the same time, the shortage of water resources is growing every year due to global climate change, population and economic growth, as well as their growing demand for water.
The average annual volume of water used ranged from 51 to 53 billion cubic meters, including 97.2 percent from rivers and streams, 1.9 percent from collector networks and 0.9 percent from groundwater, which is 20 percent below the established limit.
Stable water supply to the population and all sectors of the country's economy in 2020-2030, improvement of irrigated land reclamation, widespread introduction of market principles and mechanisms and digital technologies in water resources management, reliable operation of water facilities. Examples are resolutions. The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan in order to increase the efficiency of land and water use [1].
Saline soils include soils harmful to plants containing mineral salts. The oppression of agricultural crops begins when the amount of salts in the profile is more than 0.25% of the soil mass.
Saline soils do not have a continuous distribution, but they occur in separate areas of the main soil type and form complexes with them. They are common in all zones, but most of all in Kazakhstan, Central Asia, Western Siberia, the Middle and Lower Volga region, and southern Ukraine.
The formation of saline soils is associated with favorable conditions for the accumulation of salts in groundwater and rocks and their accumulation in the soil.
Under the influence of rocks, a large amount of salts is formed. The annual inflow of soluble salts from land to the ocean is 2.735 million tons, while about 1 billion tons of salt annually enters the closed areas of the continents. Many soluble salts are formed as a result of volcanic eruptions.
Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences Scientific Journal Impact Factor Advanced Sciences Index Factor
VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 6 ISSN 2181-1784 SJIF 2022: 5.947 ASI Factor = 1.7
In arid climates and in the effusion water regime, when evaporation significantly exceeds the amount of precipitation, conditions are created for the accumulation of salts in groundwater and soil-forming rocks. Saline soils predominate in these territories. It can occur in arid desert and semi-desert zones without deep moistening of the soil, as well as as a result of pulse formation (wind conduction). [2]
In such saline and saline-prone arid areas, we transplanted shade in irrigated areas and irrigated them using water-saving irrigation technologies. It was assumed that the salinization of our land would be relatively low due to the use of water-saving irrigation technologies. If irrigation is carried out traditionally, a lot of water is required, and a large amount of water brings a certain amount of salt to our fields. When the amount of water supplied to the plant exceeds the plant's need, the plant receives the water it needs and there is enough of it, and the remaining water is absorbed and added to the groundwater, which in turn raises the groundwater level above the critical point." shrinks. As a result, under the influence of heat, water rises into the atmosphere in the form of steam, and the salts contained in the water accumulate on the soil surface, causing secondary salinization. Use water-saving irrigation technologies to solve this problem.
CONCLUSION
In recent years, special attention has been paid to the placement and cultivation of non-traditional crops in the country. In particular, in 2017, for the first time in the country, soybeans were planted on an area of more than 12 thousand hectares, 14 thousand tons of soybeans were grown, more than 2 thousand tons of soybean oil and 10 thousand tons of high-quality soybean meal were delivered. poultry farms. [3]
The research shows that all theoretical and practical measures are based on the development of the country's economy, increasing the position of Uzbek products on world markets, increasing exports, providing adequate and high-quality, affordable products to meet the needs of the population, the population, intended.
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Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences Scientific Journal Impact Factor Advanced Sciences Index Factor
VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 6 ISSN 2181-1784 SJIF 2022: 5.947 ASI Factor = 1.7
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