25LEXICAL-SEMANTIC AND LINGUOCULTURAL STUDY OF TERMS IN
ENGLISH AND UZBEK
This article deals with the lexical-semantic and linguocultural study of terms in English and Uzbek. Based on the analysis of educational, lexicographic and reference sources, five groups of polysemantic sports terms have been identified. Uzbek-language correspondences of English-language terms that have different meanings in different sports and in one sport are presented. The influence of the context on the choice of translation variant is demonstrated.
Keywords: Term, sport, lexical-semantic, translation, meaning, polysemantic
sports.
INTRODUCTION
It's no secret that at present the sports terminology of both the Uzbek and English languages is undergoing significant changes, which caused by globalization, the expansion of intercultural communication, the progress and development of sports in its various directions
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Based on the topic of the article, it seems to us appropriate to single out the following groups of polysemantic sports terms:
-terms used with different meanings in several sports;
-terms that have several synonymous correspondences in the target language in the context of one sport;
-terms denoting sports roles;
-terms whose polysemy is manifested in the composition of the phrases of which they are a part;
-commonly used vocabulary, acquiring terminological properties in sports discourse.
There are a number of cases where an ambiguous term is used in various sports, and choosing the correct translation option
Muhiddin Ahadovich Samadov
English teacher, Karshi Engineering Economics Institute
ABSTRACT
requires knowledge of the nuances of its meaning in these sports.
April, 2022
Even if the dictionary contains several matches for the term with the label "sport", this may not be enough [2].
For example, apparatus in artistic gymnastics is a "shell" (horse, crossbar, rings, etc.). If this term is used in rhythmic gymnastics in all-around competitions, then it can be translated as "exercise": Apparatus 1. 10 clubs. - Mashq 1. 10. In athletics, matching is even more difficult, and a descriptive translation is often given. Usually this term refers to part of the sector for jumping species. This is not the whole sector, but only the bar on the racks and landing mats (in high jumps) plus a pole box (in pole vaults). This concept does not include the runway zone, which occupies most of the sector.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Score is the "hisob " (in team sports), "baho " (in judo), "ochkolar soni" (in athletics all-around).
Draw in many sports, where opponents are determined by lot, is a "qur^a". At the same time, this term can be translated as "durang" (in football), that is, a situation where the winner is not revealed. If we are talking about curling, then the meaning is completely different - "staged throw", that is, a throw in which other stones are not knocked out. In the same sport, this term can mean a game, a match: We have a draw tonight. - Bu kecha o yinimiz bor.
Starting block - "start kolodkalari" in athletics. In swimming, the term-phrase "start tumbasi" is used. Although in both cases we are talking about the object from which the athlete is repelled at the start, the use of one translation option instead of another is unacceptable.
Vault - the name of the discipline in gymnastics - "to "siqdan sakrash ".
Heat in swimming is a "suzish ", in rowing and canoeing it is a "belgilash ", in athletics it is a "quvib o"tish ". Most often denotes the first stage of the competition. The translation of this term may be accompanied by the adjective "preliminary": Heat 3 was even faster than the semifinals. - Uchinchi quvib o^tish yarim finaldagidan ham tezroq bo'ldi.
The term race can be a contextual synonym for the previous one and be translated as "quvib o^tish" (athletics), but not as a stage of the competition, but simply to describe events on the track: It is still remembered as Borzakovsky's best race. - U hali ham Borzakovskiyning eng yaxshi quvib o^tishi
sifatida eslanadi.
April, 20221 ©
Kick - "zarba" or "oyoq zarbasi" in football and taekwondo, "kick" or "kick" in kickboxing (side kick - "oyoqyon zarbasi" or "sayd kik").
There are a number of terms whose translations may seem interchangeable, but this is not entirely true: in each sport, only one version is generally accepted.
Thus, field goal in several sports denotes an effective attack during the game, but such a characteristic of the term as unambiguity manifests itself as follows: in basketball it is a "o^yindagi muvaffaqiyatli otish", and in American football it is a "fild gol".
Transcription and transliteration are methods of translating the lexical unit of the original by recreating its form using the letters of the target language. During transcription, the sound form of a foreign word is reproduced, and during transliteration of its graphic form: skateboarding - "skeytbording", skeleton -
"skeleton ", bobsleigh - "bobsley", touchdown - "tachdavn ".
CONCLUSION
Transposition is a method of translation that consists in replacing one part of speech with another part of speech without changing the meaning of the entire message. This method can be used both within the same language, and, in particular, when translating [1].
Thus, when translating terms from English into Uzbek, we most often use such translation techniques as: transcription, transliteration, descriptive and literal translation, tracing, transposition, which allows achieve maximum equivalence.
REFERENCES
1. Boyarkina V.D. Fundamentals of sports terminology, M. Drofa, 2007. - 105 p.
2. Vinogradov V.S. Introduction to translation studies. - M.: Publishing house of the institute general secondary education RAO, 2001. - 224 p.
3. Grinev S.V. Terminology. M: Academy, 2008. - 112 p.
4. Zvonkov, V. L. English-Russian encyclopedic dictionary of hockey terminology [Text] / V. L. Zvonkov. - M.: R.Valent, 2009. - 304 pages - 1000 copies. - ISBN 9785-93439-264-3.
5. Official guide for the training of translators [Text]: textbook / ed. A. V. Moiseeva, P. G. Karakhanova, I. M. Zaslavskaya, E. A. Sgibneva. - M.: Sochi 2014 Organizing Committee, 2012. - 191 p.: ill. - Sochi 2014 Library. -Bibliography: p. 190-191.
April, 2022
6. Winter Sports [Text]: a textbook for translators (English) / A. A. Galkin, N. M. Lebedeva, E. K. Moshonkina, V. V. Sdobnikov [responsible. ed. V. R. Kolesnichenko]. - Moscow: R. Valent, 2013. - 335 p. : ill. ; 22 cm. - Bibliography: p. 330-335. - in the region in subtitle: Textbook for translators. English language. - 1000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-93439-437-1.
7. Glossary of the XXVII World Summer Universiade 2013 in Kazan [Text] / on reg. The 27th Summer Universiade Kazan 2013 Glossary. - Kazan, 2013. - 223 p.
April, 2022
