CC BY
13Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan
ISSN 1813-1107, elSSN 2710-1185 https://doi.org/10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.29
Volume 2, Number 74 (2021), 72 - 78
UDC 547.992.2
KINETIC RESEARCH ON THE OBTAINING OF POTASSIUM HUMATE FROM BROWN COAL OF THE LENGER DEPOSIT
B.M. Smailov1, O.K. Beisenbayev1, A.S. Tleuov1, B.S. Zakirov2, A.M. Taspolatova1, A.Zh. Tasymbetova1, M.M. Esirkepova1, G.O. Kantureevai
1M. Auezov South Kazakhstan State University, Shymkent, Republic of Kazakhstan, 2 Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan E-mail: baha_uppr@mail.ru
Abstract: This article provides information about the method of obtaining potassium humate obtained from brown coal of the Lenger deposit, and also describes the elemental and mineralogical composition of potassium humate determined with SEM (JSM-6490l V, Jeol). Kinetic data on the decomposition of brown coal with solutions of potassium hydroxide are presented. The area of chemical reactions and the activation energy are determined. The benefits of the obtained potassium humate are that they are environmentally safe and have high bioactivity. They are also characterized by a high content of humic substances that are involved in the structure formation of the soil, accelerate biochemical processes, and increase the physical and chemical characteristics in the soil. Under the influence of humate-containing substances, the function of microflora elements in the soil is activated, and the number of beneficial microorganisms increases.
Key words: humate, brown coal, alkaline solution, the soil. 1. Introduction
It is known that a high-quality crop can be obtained from fertile land that contains a large amount of humus. At the moment, humate is very popular in agricultural production. Humate is an environmentally friendly substance that improves soil structure, increases fertility, reduces the negative impact of pesticides, and contributes to the accelerated production of high-quality crops.
Humate is a substance that is synthesized from humic substances. Humic substances in soils are contained in different amounts. On average, the content level is 10-15%, the content in peat is 25-30%, and in brown coal - about 85% [1].
Citation: Smailov B.M., Beisenbayev O.K., Tleuov A.S., Zakirov B.S., Taspolatova A.M., Tasymbetova A.Zh., Esirkepova M.M., Kantureeva G.O. Kinetic research on the obtaining of potassium humate from brown coal of the Lenger deposit. Chem. J. Kaz., 2021, 2(74), 72-78. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.29
Waste from the Lenger deposit is a promising and valuable source of organo-mineral raw materials and contains a wide variety of trace elements and organic substances with fertilizing properties, and in this regard, is a valuable secondary raw material suitable for processing into humic acid (table 1) [2].
Table 1 - Elemental and mineralogical composition of coal waste from Lenger deposit
Element Weight, % Oxides In terms of oxides, %
C 42.96 - -
O 39.66 - -
Na 0.14 Na2O 0.19
Mg 0.30 MgO 0.50
Al 3.92 AI2O3 7.40
Si 8.06 SiO2 17.27
S 0.89 SO3 1.78
K 0.67 K2O 0.80
Ca 1.05 CaO 1.47
Ti 0.26 Ti02 0.43
From the analysis of table 1, it follows that the elemental composition of the sample of coal waste from the Lenger deposit contains in%: C - 42.96, Fe - 5.39, Mg - 0.36, etc. This content of elements in the composition of coal waste is sufficient to use it as a raw material for the production of humate-containing fertilizers.
2. Results and discussion
The process of obtaining potassium humate and humic substances from the Lenger coal waste was carried out under laboratory conditions in accordance with GOST 9517-94. The process of obtaining potassium humate is carried out by continuous mixing at a temperature of 40-80C for 80-120 minutes. Due to an increase in the concentration of alkali used in the production of potassium humate, the yield of the resulting potassium humate increases [3-4]. The results of experimental work are shown in table 2.
Table 2 - Alkali concentration at the output of potassium humate and temperature dependence
Temperature, 0C The yield of potassium humate in the total amount, % The concentration of potassium hydroxide, %
1 3 5
40 77.35 81.22 91.25
60 79.28 84.98 94.37
80 80.22 87.32 96.67
Table 2 shows that at 5% of the alkali concentration and at a temperature of 800C, the yield of potassium humate is 96.67%. During the extraction process, there is no need to further increase the concentration of alkali, since, firstly, the chemical composition of humate in the maximum amount, and secondly, the consumption of alkali required for the process increases. Chemism of this process can be described by the following way:
CW + KOH^ HA-COOK (1)
where CW - coal waste; HA - COOK - potassium humate.
The elemental and mineralogical composition of the resulting potassium humate was determined using an electron microscope (JSM-6490l V, Jeol. Japan). The results of the study are shown in table 3.
Table 3 - elemental and mineralogical composition of potassium humate
Element Weight, % Oxides In terms of oxides, %
С 54.02 - -
O 23.26 - -
К 19.41 K2O 23.4
Na 0.29 Na2O 0.39
Al 0.62 А12Оз 1.17
Si 0.94 SiO2 2.01
S 0.88 SO3 2.20
Cl 0.33 - -
Fe 0.25 Fe2O3 0.35
Table 3 shows that in the composition of potassium humate, the content of carbon (C) is 54.02 %, potassium (K) is 19.41% , etc. This content of elements in the composition of potassium humate is sufficient for its use as humate-containing components.
The dependence of the consumption of potassium humate on the yield of the alkali concentration and temperature during the extraction of the Lenger coal waste with a solution of potassium hydroxide is shown in the figure 1.
The Pavlyuchenko equation [5] is used to determine the rate of the chemical reaction constant and the energy of "activity" during the dissolution of the Lenger coal and potassium hydroxide waste. Table 4 shows the results of the process of dissolution of the Langer coal waste obtained by the method of the Pavlyuchenko equation.
In the figure 2 below, the rate constants of chemical reactions are established by drawing parallel lines to the abscissa axis on the curves T1 - 313K, T2 -333K, T3 - 353K by detecting the tangent of the intersection angle based on the equations. The rate determined by the equation and the constants shown by the graphical method were determined by processing the activity energy of the process.
Figure 1- Potassium humate yield as a function of temperature and concentration. Table 4 - Processed results using the Pavlyuchenko equation method
a 1-a (1 - a)1/3 1 - (1 - a)1/3 r, min Vi
T = 313K
0.7735 0.2265 0.6095 0.3505 80 8.944
0.7928 0.2072 0.5919 0.4081 100 10.00
0.8022 0.1978 0.5826 0.4174 120 10.95
T = 333K
0.8122 0.1878 0.5726 0.3874 80 8.944
0.8498 0.1502 0.5315 0.4685 100 10.00
0.8732 0.1268 0.5023 0.4977 120 10.95
T = 353K
0.9125 0.0875 0.4438 0.4762 80 8.944
0.9437 0.0563 0.3832 0.6168 100 10.00
0.9667 0.0333 0.3217 0.6783 120 10.95
Table 5 - Relationship between the inverse value of the velocity constant and the temperature
The rate constants associated with the angle of the tangent The value of the rate constant 1ПК Temperature, К 1/Т
tg<p1 = Ki 0.0391 -3.241 343 0.0029
tg<p2 = K2 0.0442 -3.119 353 0.0028
tg<B3 = K3 0.0616 -2.787 363 0.0027
Based on the data in table 4, a figure 3 of the relationship between
InK =f(l/T) was made.
-2.75 -2,35
¿UK
-2,95 -3,05 -3.15
-3.25 -I ^
-3.35 -
Figure 3 - Dependencies between InK = f(1/T).
3. Conclusions
The benefits of humate-containing substances are that they are environmentally safe and have high bioactivity. Humate-containing substances accelerate biochemical processes, as well as increase the physical and chemical characteristics in the soil. Under the influence of humate-containing substances, the function of microflora elements in the soil is activated, and the number of beneficial microorganisms increases.
It was determined that the yield of potassium humate at 5% of the alkali concentration is 96.67% at a temperature of 80C. The elemental and mineralo-gical composition of potassium humate obtained according to GOST 9517-94 was determined using an electron microscope (JSM-6490l V, Jeol. Japan),
The energy of the "activity" of the extraction process of Lenger coal waste with a solution of potassium hydroxide using the graphical method LNK = f(1/T) and Pavlyuchenko equations is determined. The energy value of the "activity" of the chemical reaction is equal to Eactivity = 7.69 j/mol. Based on the data obtained, the chemical reaction of brown coal decomposition with potassium hydroxide was detected in the diffusion region.
IT
Information about authors:
Smaylov B.M. - PhD student; e-mail: baha_uppr@mail.ru; ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7976-9776
Beysenbayev O.K. - Professor, Dr. of Technical Sciences; e-mail: oral-kb@mail.ru; ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3988-7444
Tleuov A.S. - Professor, Dr. of Technical Sciences; e-mail: Tleuov@mail.ru; ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3912-3844
Zakirov B.S. - Director, Dr. of Chemical Sciences, Professor; e-mail: ionxanruz@mail.ru; ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0828-981
Taspolatova A.M. - Master of engineering and technology; e-mail: lmh.chlmh@mail.ru; ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-1585
Tasymbetova A.Zh. - Master of engineering and technology; e-mail: tasymbetovaa@bk.ru; ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5730-6543
Esirkepova M.M. - Doctor PhD; e-mail: mar.yess@mail.ru; ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5972-4685
Kantureeva G.O. - PhD student; e-mail: kantureeva.g@mail.ru; ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3844-2635
References
1. https://agro-mart.kz/guminovye-udobreniya/
2. Kukharenko T.A. On the methods of separation of humic acids from peat and coal. Chemistry of solid fuel, 1980. 5. 87-94.
3. GOST 9517-94. Solid fuel. Methods for determining the yield of humic acids.
4. Smailov B.M.,.Beisenbayev О.К, Tleuov A.S., Zakirov B.S. Technology of obtaining polymer-containing microfertilizers based on coal waste from the Lenger deposit. Chem. J. Kaz., 2020, 1(69), 48-53.
5. Shevko V.M.. Processing the results of kinetic studies. Chimkent: Kazakh chemical and technological Institute, 1990. 26 p.
6. Smailov B.M., Beisenbayev O.K., Tleuov A.S., Kadirbaeva A.A, Zakirov B.S., Mir-zoyev B. «Production of Chelate Polymer-Containing Microfertilizers Based on Humic Acid and Ammophos», Rasayan J. Chem. 2020, 3(13), 1372-1378.
Тушндеме
ЛЕЦГ1Р ЦОЦЫР К6М1РШЕН КАЛИЙ ГУМАТЫН АЛУ БОЙЫНША КИНЕТИКАЛЬЩ ЗЕРТТЕУЛЕР
Б.М. Смайлов1, О.К. Бейсенбаев1, А.С. Тлеуов1, Б.С. Закиров2, А.М. Тасполатова1, А.Ж. Тасымбетова1, М.М. Есиркепова1, Г. О. Кантуреева1
1М. О. Эуезов атышдагы O^mYcmiK Казащсташ мемлекетткymeepcumemi, Шымкент, Казащсташ
2 Жалпы жэше бейоргашикалъщ химия институты, Ташкент, Озбексташ Республикасы E-mail: baha_uppr@mail.ru
Бул макалада Лецпр KOMip кен калдыгынан калий гуматын алу эдга туралы аппарат бершген, сонымен катар РЭМ (JSM-6490L V, Jeol) кемепмен аныкталган калий гуматыныц элементпк жэне минералогиялык к¥рамы сипатталган. Кемiрдщ калдыгынын калий гидроксидi ерiтiндiлерiмен ериу YPДiсiнщ туралы кинетикалык зандылыктары зерттелш, мэлiметтерi келпршген. Сонымен катар химиялык реакция журу аймагы мен активтену энергиясы мэндерi аныкталады.
Алынган калий гуматыньщ артыкшылыгы-экологиялык таза жэне жогары биоактивтшкке ие. Ол топырактын к¥рылымына катысатын, биохимиялык процес-тердi жеделдететiн, сонымен катар топырактагы физика-химиялык сипаттамаларды арттыратын гуминдi заттардын жогары к¥рамымен сипатталады. Кдоамында гумат-к¥рамдас заттардын эсершен топырактагы микрофлора элементтерiнiн кызметi белсендiрiледi жэне пайдалы микроорганизмдердiн саны артады.
ТYЙiн сездер: гумат, коныр кeмiр, сiлтiлi ерiтiндi, топырак.
Резюме
КИНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ПО ПОЛУЧЕНИЮГУМАТА КАЛИЯИЗ БУРОГО УГЛЯ ЛЕНГЕРСКОГО МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЯ
Б.М. Смайлов1, О.К. Бейсенбаев1, А.С. Тлеуов1, Б.С. Закиров2, А.М. Тасполатова1, А.Ж. Тасымбетова1, М.М. Есиркепова1, Г.О. Кантуреева1
1 Южно-Казахстанский государственный университет им. М. Ауэзова, Шъткент, Казахстан
Институт общей и неорганической химии, Ташкент, Республика Узбекистан E-mail: baha_uppr@mail.ru
В статье приведена информация о методике получения гумата калия полученного из бурого угля Ленгерского месторождения, также описывается элементный и минералогический состав гумата калия, определенные с РЭМ (JSM-64901 V, Jeol). Приводятся кинетические данные по разложению бурого угля с растворами гидрок-сида калия. Определена область протекания химических реакции и энергия активации.
Польза полученного гумат калия состоит в том, что они экологически безопасны и обладают высокой биоактивностью. Также характеризуются высоким содержанием гуминовых веществ, которые участвуют в структурообразовании почвы, ускоряют биохимические процессы, а также повышают физико-химические характеристики в почве.
Под воздействием гуматсодержащих веществ активизируется функция элементов микрофлоры в почве, повышается количество полезных микроорганизмов.
Ключевые слова: гумат, бурый уголь, щелочной раствор, почва.
