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11CENTRAL ASIAN ACADEMIC JOURNAL ISSN: 2181-2489
OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH VOLUME 2 I ISSUE 6 I 2022
Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF 2022=4.63) Passport: http://sjifactor.com/passport.php?id=22230
KAPALAKLARNI PILLADAN CHIQISHI VA ULARNI JUFTLASHTIRISH
B. X. Bobomurodov M. B. Xushmurodov E. G. Boboqulov
Termiz agrotexnologiyalar va innovatsion rivojlanish instituti
ANNOTATSIYA
Kapalaklar bilan ishlash jarayonida xona harorati 150 S dan past bo'lganda kapalaklar harakatlanishdan to'xtab juftlasha olmaydi. Harorat 300 S dan ortiq bo'lganda ham kapalaklar yaxshi juftlasha olmaydi. Kapalaklarni yaxshi juftlasha oladigan eng qulay harorat 24-270 S hisoblanadi.
ABSTRACT
When working with butterflies, when the room temperature is below 150 C, the butterflies cannot stop moving and mate. Butterflies do not mate well at temperatures above 300 degrees Celsius. The optimum temperature at which butterflies can mate well is 24-270 C.
С Most of the time, they leave the cocoon at 6-9 o'clock in the morning. Afternoon discharge is rare. Mulberry silkworm butterflies have been shown to respond well to light. Butterflies emerge during the day with a certain mode of light transmission causes a certain change in rhythm. For example, in natural light, butterflies are in the morning comes out only in the evening when it is lit, butterflies come out in the evening when it is lit at night, and butterflies come out in the evening when it is lit during the day. comes out only in the evening when it is lit, butterflies come out in the evening when it is lit at night, and butterflies come out in the evening when it is lit during the day. Temperature also has a large effect on the emergence of butterflies from cocoons. Based on the variants obtained in our experiments, we obtained 200 live cocoons and kept them at a moderate temperature (24-270 C) and humidity (65-75%) and observed the emergence of butterflies
Table 1
The effect of moderate air temperature and humidity on the emergence of butterflies from living cocoons (24-270C 65-75%)
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obtain ed pilla soni, s, pcs the butterfly come out
Options -1 200 50 150 15.0 90,5 - -
Options 2 200 50 150 9.0 94,4 - -
Options -3 200 50 150 10.0 93.0 - -
Options 4 200 50 150 12 .0 92.5 - -
Options -5 200 50 150 7 .0 95.5 - -
In the variants listed in the table, we observed butterfly emergence from the cocoon, keeping the live cocoons only at the same temperature and humidity. In this case, 200 cocoons are obtained in 5 variants, of which 50 cocoons from each variant are used for biological indicators, and 150 cocoons are used for butterfly production. A butterfly that has just hatched from a cocoon is soaked in the liquid that is formed during the shedding of its skin, so its coins stick to its body and its wings are not stretched. As this liquid dries, the butterfly's wings begin to stretch. The air that enters the trachea reduces its specific gravity and the butterfly begins to move. The main activities of the butterfly are reproduction, mating, fertilization and egg laying. At this time, the butterfly needs a moderate temperature and humidity, otherwise the butterfly will not be able to mate because it does not have its own body temperature. Therefore, when working with butterflies in breeding and seed establishments, it is necessary to maintain room temperature and humidity. When working with butterflies, when the room temperature is below 150 C, the butterflies cannot stop moving and mate. Butterflies do not mate well at temperatures above 300 degrees Celsius. The optimum temperature at which butterflies can mate well is 24-270C. Along with room temperature, humidity also affects butterfly mating. If the room humidity is below 50% and above 80%, the butterflies will have difficulty breathing, their movement and mating will slow down, and seed separation will slow down. The butterfly needs 6575% humidity to breathe well and mate. Defective butterflies must be identified during collection and mating. Such butterflies must be discarded, and spotted butterflies must be examined under a microscope. He came from the same party bags of butterflies must be incinerated with seeds, and containers containing diseased cocoons must be disinfected. The mating of butterflies should take at least two hours, after which they are separated, the females are placed in paper bags or boxes, the male butterfly is examined, the weak ones are discarded, and the rest are papillomas. placed in beds and stored in a cool, dark place. It's reuse of male butterflies the next day, or even the same day possible, but they must rest for at least 3-4 hours. Reuse of male butterflies allows you
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to save some of the cocoons in the male group. There are several ways to insulate butterflies. Based on the method of combating pebrina proposed by L. Pasteur, each butterfly is placed in some insulation material (bag, box, gauze, metal cup, etc.). Pebrina disease is transmitted to the offspring by a female butterfly. If the butterfly is examined and found to contain pebrina, all the seeds it leaves will be lost, as they will also be infected to some extent. , in which he leaves a seed, so that we know that this seed was left by this butterfly. Different materials and different densities are used for insulation. One bag is filled with 1,2 and 3 female butterflies. The big bag is filled with 5 female butterflies and the end of the cardboard boxes is filled with 50 and 100 female b If the butterflies are insulated in cardboard or paper boxes, 5-10 of them are tied together and stored in special chairs, each box should be placed in such a way that it fully ventilates the seeds in the box. 'minlasin. Butterflies usually lay their seeds for 3-4 days, of which 70-80% leave on the first day, 15-20% on the second day and the rest on the third and fourth days. It should be noted that the seed left by the butterfly on the first day is of good quality, as it is fully formed at the bottom of the avariol and until the butterfly emerges from the cocoon. In the last days, the butterfly leaves the seeds formed after the cocoon emerges. The seeds of the silkworm are simple, egg-shaped, with narrow sides, a slightly hollow in the middle, and an oval shape.
Table 2
Indicators of the average mass of a single seed depending on the silkworm breed.
№ The name of a silkworm breed or hybrid Seed indicators
Average mass of 1 seed, mg Number of seeds per 1g, pcs Number of seeds in 1 box, pcs Seed revival rate
1 Tetragibrid-3 0.620 1610 46690 94-97
2 Asaka 0.540 1830 53080 92-98
3 Marhamat 0.530 1880 54300 92-98
4 Asaka-Marhamat 0.530 1900 54200 92-98
5 Marhamat-Asaka 0.540 1840 53100 92-98
6 O'zbekiskiy-3 0.600 1700 49300 94.1
7 O'zbekiskiy-4 0.500 1800 52200 97.2
The color of the freshly laid egg is light yellow, which lasts from 2-3 days to light yellow to pink, then to reddish-brown, and finally to gray-gray. The true color of winter
CENTRAL ASIAN ACADEMIC JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
ISSN: 2181-2489 VOLUME 2 I ISSUE 6 I 2022
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seeds is gray. The color of the self-sustaining seeds of the Bivoltin breed remains pale yellow throughout the incubation period. The color of an unfertilized egg of any breed is always yellow. A few days after the egg is laid, it flattens out and takes on the shape of a cake. Seeds that are fertilized but die within the first three days after egg laying also dry out and take the form of flat plates, but they are pink, orange, and brown in colorThe size of the seeds depends on the breed of mulberry silkworm, its voltage and the conditions of its feeding during the worm - agrotechnics. For example, the eggs of silkworms of the large cocoon monovoltin breed are much larger than those of the polyvoltin breed. If silkworms are not well fed, the weight of the eggs will be significantly reduced. Silkworm seeds fed in accordance with agronomic rules are 1.41.5 mm long, 1.1-1.2 mm wide and weigh 0.525-0.650 mg. The mass of freshly laid eggs is a little heavier. As it is preserved, the mass of the eggs decreases. During spring fertilization, the mass of the eggs decreases, especially during this time, when the embryo develops rapidly. By the end of the incubation period, the mass of the eggs decreases by an average of 16-18%.
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REFERENCES
UZBEKISTAN
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