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19К вопросу о реформе системы преподавания английского языка в вузах и подготовки инновационных кадров в рамках стратегии «Выхода вовне» китайской культуры
Яо Ли,
профессор кафедры английского языка, директор института иностранных языков, Шэньянский политехнический университет, КНР E-mail: wanghuakzxy@yandex.ru
Сегодня необходимость развития инновационных талантов студентов представляет собой серьезную проблему для преподавателей иностранных языков в колледжах и университетах. Их задача - выполнять работу по подготовке высококлассных кадров для задач развития страны. Как указал лидер КНР Си Цзиньпин, процесс обучения высококлассных специалистов должен включать пять подсистем: систему дисциплин, систему обучения, систему учебных материалов, систему управления и идеологическую и политическую систему. В данной статье описывается вариант реформирования системы преподавания и развития инновационных кадров в Институте иностранных языков и других институтах Шэньянского политехнического университета. Хотя цель состоит в том, чтобы улучшить способности учащихся слушать, говорить, читать, писать и переводить, учебная программа по английскому языку тесно интегрирована с традиционной китайской культурой в части учебных программ, целей обучения, выбора учебников, аудиторных занятий, тестирования и оценки. Студенты получают более глубокое понимание содержания китайской культуры. Они смогут рассказывать китайские истории на английском языке, улучшат свои способности в межкультурном обмене и сыграют роль в реализации стратегии «Выход китайской культуры вовне». Студенты также будут вооружены инструментами и уверенностью, чтобы представить Китай международному сообществу. Проект реформы преподавания английского языка послужит ориентиром для колледжей и университетов провинции Ляонин в достижении цели подготовки высококлассных кадров в сфере высшего образования.
Ключевые слова: китайская культура; преподавание английского языка; воспитание; кадры; международный обмен
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Статья издана в рамках Проекта 13-го пятилетнего плана развития педагогической науки в провинции Ляонин на 2018 год «К вопросу о реформе системы преподавания английского языка в колледжах и подготовки инновационных кадров в рамках стратегии «Выхода вовне» китайской культуры.» № JG18DB420.
Introduction
In accordance with The Outline of the National Medium and Long Term Talents Development Plan (2010-2020), we "should optimize the structure of disciplines, types and levels, promote interdisciplinary integration, and focus on expanding the scale of training the applied, compound and skilled talents. We should train a large number of internationalized talents with global vision, knowledge of international rules, and the ability to participate in international affairs and international competition so as to adapt to the requirements of opening up the national economy to the outside world."
Generally speaking, "There are three key elements to improve the quality of Higher Education: specialty, curriculum and teachers... Curriculum is the basic unit of talent training." [1, p.2] Currently, most of the curricula in colleges and universities, especially in Liaoning Province, tend to engage in students' understanding of the economy and culture of English-speaking countries, but neglect the study and inheritage of Chinese culture. In the long run, it will not meet the needs of Liaoning's cultural exchange with outside world. Additionally, the 18th National Congress of the CPC put forward the national strategies of Chinese Culture Going Out and One Belt One Road, with the purpose of establishing close connections with the peoples globally.
The strategy of Chinese Culture Going Out and One Belt One Road provides China with comprehensive opportunities and challenges, [2, p. 41] and so does it to college English teaching. It requires foreign language learners to have more knowledge and accomplishment of Chinese culture. Overemphasizing the learning of English culture and neglecting the study of Chinese culture will not cultivate high quality foreign language talents. To carry out the strategy of Chinese Culture Going Out, both English majors and non-English majors will have to shoulder the mission of introducing Chinese excellent culture to the whole world and playing their due role in the international arena. This project is intended to provide insights into the reform of English teaching mode, explore effective ways of innovative talents training, promote Chinese traditional culture, strengthen international cultural exchanges, and eventually enhance China's influence in the world. It is believed that a successful reform of the teaching mode and cultivation of innovative talents in Shenyang Ligong University will be gradually followed by other provincial and even national universities. In due course, the trained talents will be able to explain and usher in the inheritance of excellent Chinese cul-
ture on the international platform, and let more foreigners begin to know and understand China.
I. Revise the Syllabus
The College English Curriculum Requirements and its course description for English majors require students to "have a certain understanding of China's socioeconomic development and culture, and improve their ability to introduce them to the outside world". [3, p.1-2] Therefore, our school organized teachers from the English teaching and research section to revise the syllabus of each subject so as to supplement and improve the content of Chinese culture.
The revised English syllabus has introduced the elements of Chinese culture into English teaching and provided students with more opportunities of diving deeply into Chinese culture. According to the syllabus, students are required to master the English expression of the Chinese culture-loaded words. And they are also required to grasp and demonstrate the English expression of the Chinese humanistic spirit, social customs and values reflected in the classics of Chinese studies. The teaching goal is no longer limited to the one-way input of foreign culture, but more importantly the output of Chinese culture so as to improve students' bilingual ability in appreciating the charm of Chinese culture and telling stories of Chinese classics, thus help Chinese culture spread to the world.
II. Reform Curriculum and Test Evaluation System
The teaching content of Chinese culture is added to the curriculum. English elective courses of culture, such as History of Chinese Literature and Appreciation of Chinese Literature, are offered. Chinese and English bilingual teaching materials are selected and taught in English, so that students can systematically learn Chinese culture and be provided with the opportunity to present Chinese culture or tell Chinese stories in English. At the same time, the scope of formative assessment courses is expanded by adding the content of Chinese culture in the examination. For example, in the examination of translation course, the single sentence translation aiming at the examination of vocabulary and sentence structure is adjusted to paragraph translation, which involves Chinese history, culture, economic and social development etc. The examination of spoken English adopts the formative evaluation method of multidimensional means, such as classroom discussion, group theme report, scenario simulation and other task-based practical activities, assessing students' overall ability to express and think critically, which will improve students' ability to convey Chinese culture in English.
III. Reform Textbooks Used
The adjustment of the catalogue of English teaching materials and the increase of the number of teaching materials of Chinese culture are indispensable. In the selection of English teaching materials, relevant books with comparative contents of Chinese culture
and Western culture are added. Most of the current textbooks for students are based on British and American culture, but they rarely introduce Chinese culture. Our school adopts The Introduction to Chinese Culture recommended by the Department of Higher Education of the Ministry of Education, The Survey of Chinese Culture published by Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. Students are also doing guided-reading of Lin Yutang's Art of Life, Moment in Peking, and Xu Yuanchong's English Translation of Three Hundred Tang Poems, etc. The book series Classic Tales and Stories of China translated by professors at our college will be our first choice of teaching materials. They are Stories of Myths and Legends, Stories of Folktales, Stories of Traditional Virtues, Stories of fables, Stories of Folk Traditions and Customs, and Stories of Historical Events.
IV. Improve the Competence of Teaching Staff
School of Foreign Languages has been trying its utmost to improve the quality of English teachers and their knowledge of Chinese culture. Teachers are encouraged to absorb new ideas of teaching home and abroad as much as possible, which allows them to know the importance of Chinese culture in cross-cultural communication. Through online training and seminars, teachers will recognize the necessity of understanding and spreading Chinese culture. In classroom teaching, teachers consciously employ English to introduce Chinese culture and train students' ability to convey Chinese culture in English.
V. Strengthen the Infiltration and Integration of Chinese Culture in English Teaching
The teaching of English Majors in our school takes two forms: classroom teaching and online & offline learning. Classroom teaching is the main approach of college teaching. Through the innovative reform of teaching ideas, teaching methods and teaching design, the integration of Chinese culture and English classroom teaching can be achieved.
1. Organize English Teaching by Comparison of Chinese Culture with Western Culture
The teaching contents of western culture in English class will concentrate upon those related to Chinese culture. By comparison of different cultures, students will acquire the ability to understand and reflect the similarities and differences between Chinese and Western culture. In English literature class, for instance, we will compare Chinese poetry with English poetry, especially those poems written in the same period. And when teaching Shakespeare's plays, we will also touch upon Chinese drama written in the same period, such as Tang Xianzu's plays. In so doing, students will be able to understand the differences between Chinese and Western literature, culture, and history, which will cultivate students' patriotism and the ability to spread Chinese literature and culture.
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2. Create an Atmosphere of Learning Traditional Culture
General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed the importance of "Vigorously carrying forward the excellent traditional Chinese culture, inheriting revolutionary culture, developing advanced culture, and striving to create a Chinese culture that glorifies the times and glorifies the world". [4] Therefore, in class students are trained to tell in English stories of ancient Chinese celebrities and history, well-known myths and folk tales. They are also asked to explain briefly Chinese philosophy such as Confucianism or Taoism in English. After class students are guided to read and appreciate Chinese excellent literary works. Ten minutes before each class, students are offered chances to present what they have learned in class and after class. Teachers will assess their performance and give comment, which has greatly increased students' interest in learning and understanding Chinese traditional culture. Students' ability to present Chinese traditional culture in English is improved, which lays a solid foundation for cultivating their innovative talents.
VI. Make Full Use of Modern Technology to Help Teaching Reform
"Ubiquitous Learning" is an all-time communication and learning, which is a way for anyone to obtain any information needed in any place at any time. In other words, it is to use information technology to provide 4A learning (anyone, anytime, anywhere, any device). U-Learning is the extension of digital learning. The emergence of this new learning method will provide rich resources and flexible ways to learn Chinese culture. For example, through the development of MOOC, Wechat and Wechat learning platforms, teachers can provide students with massive resources of traditional Chinese culture, interact with students online, and help students learn and master English language and Chinese culture. By using Wechat, students can record their own audio or video, and present profound Chinese culture in English. Teachers can assign students tasks to collect English expressions about Chinese culture after class, or translate Chinese traditional stories into English, which will greatly improve their professional competence.
Summary
The reform of the methodology in teaching and learning has been proven to be successful. Through the practice and research of this project, the ability to learn and spread Chinese culture will be cultivated first in students majoring in English and then in those of non-English majors. With the help of online learning platform of Liaoning Province, especially the Provincial Excellent Online Course of English Literature, we can effectively train students using this teaching format. In addition, this technique can be spread to other colleges and universities like Shenyang Industrial University, Shenyang Normal University, Dalian University and Liaoning Normal University. Eventually, it can also
be used as reference in college English teaching methodology nationwide.
ON THE REFORM OF COLLEGE ENGLISH TEACHING MODE AND CULTIVATION OF INNOVATIVE TALENTS UNDER THE STRATEGY OF "CHINESE CULTURE GOING OUT"
Yao Li
Shenyang Ligong University
Today, the methodology in cultivating students' innovative talents has presented a big challenge for foreign language teachers in colleges and universities. Their task is to fulfill the mission of producing high-quality talents to serve the country. As general Secretary Xi Jinping once pointed out, the training process of high-level talents should include five subsystems: discipline system, teaching system, teaching material system, management system and ideological and political system. This paper aims to facilitate the reform of teaching mode and the cultivation of innovative talents in School of Foreign Languages and other schools of Shenyang Ligong University. While the purpose is to improve students' ability in listening, speaking, reading, writing and translating, the English curriculum is closely integrated with traditional Chinese culture in terms of curriculum setting, teaching objectives, selection of textbooks, classroom teaching, testing and evaluation. By doing so, students will have a deeper understanding of the content of Chinese culture. They will be able to tell Chinese stories in English, improve their ability in intercultural exchange, and play a role in implementing the strategy of "Chinese Culture Going Out". Students will also be equipped with tools and confidence to reach out and introduce China to the international community. The English teaching reform project will serve as a benchmark for colleges and universities in Liaoning Provinces to achieve top quality talent training in higher education.
Keywords: Chinese Culture; English teaching; cultivation; talent; international communication
References
1. Speech by Director General Wu Yan at the First Teacher Training Conference of New Structural Economics. http://jwc.jnmc. edu.cn/2019/0822/c2024a87225/pagem.htm. (date of the application: 2020-08-21)
2. Wang Yiwei. One Belt, One Road, Opportunities and Challenges. People's Publishing House. 2015. 249c.
3. College English Curriculum Requirements. Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. 2020. 158c.
4. The Innovation of Socialist Culture with Chinese Characteristics https://www.chinanews.com/ll/2019/04-12/8807591.shtml (date of the application: 2020-08-21)
5. Ren Xiuhua. Classic Tales and Stories of China. Liaoning Education Press. 2018. 195c.
6. The Outline of the National Medium and Long Term Talents Development Plan (2010-2020) http://www.mohrss.gov.cn/SYrlzy-hshbzb/zwgk/ghcw/ghjh/201503/t20150313_153952.htm
7. Xu Lixin. On the Reform of College English Teaching in Local Colleges and Universities Under the Strategy of «Chinese Culture Going Out»// Journal of Xingtai University. 2018. № 33(1). C.153-154.
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