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INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO ORGANIZATION OF CAREER GUIDANCE WORK WITH SCHOOL STUDENTS
I. V. Teslenko
One of the most challenging and important steps in the life of every young person is the choice of profession. A well-considered choice influences the future, career success, professional development and self-realization, satisfaction with life and awareness of a person’s own place in life. As a rule, young people do not pay much attention to their individuality and the characteristics of their mind, nor their nervous system, temperament or volition. Moreover, the realization of the idea of senior-level profile specifics presents a school leaver with the need for an important choice with respect to the profile orientation of his activities, sometimes as early as at the age of 14-15. Obviously, not all school students are able to consciously make such a choice. Moreover, it is worth considering the possibility and degree of readiness for this step so important for the future.
That is why the problem of professional self-determination is fundamental in nature, as it concerns the general problem of a personality’s lifelong formation. At the moment, there is no system of preparation of young people for professional selfdetermination in the future. At the same time, the system of initial vocational education, with a well-developed material base and career guidance, presupposes the profile preparation of students within the framework of the profession they have chosen.
In the 2012-2013 academic year, a study was conducted among graduates of the 9th and 11th grades of schools in the cities of Yekaterinburg and the Sverdlovsk Region. The research focusing on the Chkalovsky district of Yekaterinburg was initiated by the Urals College of Business, Management and Beauty Technology with the support of the Ural Federal University. The assistance of the Regional Coordination Center for Vocational Education of the Sverdlovsk Region (Director F.G. Islamgaliev) made it possible to conduct a survey of school leavers in the cities of the Sverdlovsk Region1.
The results obtained revealed problems in the system of organization and the management of career guidance. The vast majority of the respondents indicated that the existing system of career guidance was not perfect and required qualitative analysis and review of its approaches to organization and management. 92% of the respondents expressed a desire to change the system of career guidance used in recent years by psychologists, employment centers, as well as resource centers established on the basis of institutions of secondary vocational education. During the survey, the respondents were offered several options for events aimed at changing the organization and process of career guidance work at their schools. These options were formulated as a result of in-depth interviews with professionals in the field of career guidance and teachers of general and vocational education. All options for improving career guidance work proposed by the professionals received support from school leavers.
1 Тесленко И.В. Портрет абитуриента 2013 года: результаты исследования //Современные проблемы науки и образования. - 2013. - № 4. [Online resource]. Режим доступа: http://www.science-education.ru/110-9665 (дата обращения: 23.08.2013).
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Students paid the greatest attention to the proposal for increasing the amount of information regarding the world of professions, which indicates a shortage of information among teenagers. A willingness to visit various businesses and receive technological and professional practice demonstrates a high demand for and a need to receive a pre-vocational training while still at school. Another aspect of the current state of career guidance work is the analysis of responses to the question about the need to assist in making a decision concerning a future profession. Every second respondent (54%) said that he would make a choice by himself; 32% of respondents said they would listen to parental advice. As for the assistance of teachers, only 11% of the respondents said they would seek help from teachers in this regard. These figures once again confirm the need to review the approach to the organization and management of career-guidance work with students of secondary schools and identify an extremely important direction for career-guidance activities with the parents of students1. The 2013-2014 academic year allowed the researchers to test the pre-profile and profile training of students at schools of the Chkalov District of Yekaterinburg and the orphanages of the Sverdlovsk Region.
On the basis of a college, the School of Image and Style has been has been functioning for four years. It was decided that the primary objective of the school would be the creation of a set of conditions that would familiarize children with professions and enable them to master pre-professional skills of creative activity that would ultimately contribute to the successful socialization of students. The main areas of training include graphic design, interior design, fashion design, body art and make-up, or the art of makeup, hairstyles design and phyto-design. It should be noted that students in the School of Image and Style were provided with an opportunity unique for Yekaterinburg to first acquire the professional skills necessary in everyday life for virtually any girl; to work in a specialized laboratory, meeting the requirements of a modern beauty salon; to learn from teachers who have international certificates of training in companies that are recognized world leaders in the field of beauty; and to learn from professional practitioners and communicate with them. The classes at the school significantly expanded the horizons of the students and contributed to their successful socialization in society.
Classes at the School of Image and Style support the idea that a diploma is not a guarantee of success and that real skills and professionalism are of primary importance.2 Interest in the course is illustrated by the fact that the students created a group in a social network, as well as by their intention to become students of this educational institution of secondary vocational education.
Translated from Russian by Znanije Central Translations Bureau
1 Тесленко И.В. Портрет абитуриента 2013 года: результаты исследования //Современные проблемы науки и образования. - 2013. - № 4. Online resource. Режим доступа: http://www.science-education.ru/110-9665 (дата обращения: 23.08.2013).
2 Тесленко И.В. Специфика организации и ведения профориентационной работы в Свердловской области // Актуальные проблемы социологии культуры, образования, молодежи и управления: материалы Всероссийской научно-практической конференции, посвященной памяти профессора В.Т.Шапко. Екатеринбург, УрФУ, 2014.
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