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Науковий вгсник ЛНУВМБТ 1мен1 С.З. Гжицького Том 12 № 3(45) Частина 4, 2010
Bozhyk V., Binkevych V., Hutiy B., Binkevych O. ©
Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies named after
S.Z. Gzhytskyj
INFLUENCE OF PHENARON ON PHYSIOLOGICAL-BIOCHEMICAL
INDICES OF FISH MEAT
Introduction Growth of offish can be accelerated in different ways: forming of conditions, which allow to use the food for growth with the maximal efficiency; nutrition of organism by all required stuffs in required amounts and in the most access full form; application of the instruments, which increase using of the food and regulate the metabolism in such way, that increase efficiency of food using for grow (Hershanovych, 1986). To such substance antioxidant phenasan-acid can belong, which is produced by Ivanofrankivsky factory of the then synthesis. On the base of the phenasan-acid of J.C. "Kiyiv Vitamin factory" SPF "Vitagal produces a preparate phenaron. To the content of antioxidant belong 70% phenasan-acid and 30% of ceolite.
Phenaron is in the form of the crystal powder of gray color without smell and it is not soluble in water. It shows antioxydant skill in the organism of poultry; It prevents dividing of fat-soluble vitamins, physiological norms, increases better metabolism, especially of lipids, proteins, sugars and vitamins (time-instruction 1989).
Material and methodies For the establishment of the experiment the carps of one year and those, which were born this year, were applied for the conduction of experiments. The concentration of the blood hemoglobine was determined by hemoglobine-cyanide methode, the quantity of erythrocytes in blood was determined by hemocytometr (ГЦМК-3). The general protein of blood was determned by refractometr (1РФ-22), his faction content by the electrophoresis on the films of polyacrylamide-gell and by photometry on the aparate of the dechiffration of phoregramms (АРФ-1). The sum-resistance of erythrocytes was studied witfa help of H.A.Terokov's and with the I.I.Hitelson's methodies (1977). The bactericide activity of blood serum (БАСК) was conducted by recommendation of E.V.Conpanets (1991). Statistic treatment of data was realized by computer programmes worked out by Lviv departament
Results and discussion Parameters of toxicity behavior of phenaron was studied on carp this year in conditions of aquarium by introduction of the preparate in the increasing doses though the zond on 3% starch glue. Every dose was verified on 10 examples offish; with mass of 17 g in the water temperature of 160C.
The doses from 500 to 1000 mg/kg of the body weight were added. The next results were found: feed. For the rest period of research were fed 6930 kg of feed and 693 g of solution
In pond # 17 with area 1.77 small fish of KSG fed with normal feed.
© Bozhyk V., Binkevych V., Hutiy B., Binkevych O., 2010
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Despite of the density of maggots in the ponds were the same (200.000 per Ihtctare) before the feeding of phenarone the average weight of 1 year fish was different, in researchable pond it made up 3.6 g ., in control - 6.5 g.
During the period of vegetation hydrochemical researches were conducted. Max. Temperature (22.4-24.6 C) was seen in the first decade of July and in the second of august. Active reaction of water was within 8.2-8.4. Oxidation of the ponds was no so big, only in pond # 16 ( 1s decade of august) made up 23 mg/litre : after applying of the chalk it was stabilized and made up 10 mg per litre. Average season biomass of zooplancton in the research pond was on the level 6.7 g/m , in control- 6.3 g/nr . Biomass of the bottom organizms made up 1.6 g/m in research and 1.5 g/m - in control.
Analyze of parazytological research showed that in summer the level of contamination of fish in controlled and in researchable ponds was low. Exception make up of contaminated fish with ichtiophtiriusams and dactylogirusamy early in June , beginning of the period of growith with small fish was not so strong and because they were exposed to diseases/
In the second part of the October catching was conducted in researched and controlled ponds (table 3 )
Table 1
Results of growing this year fish KSG after feeding of phenaro
putting Caught this year fish Fish produc tivity 100 kg/he Lost of feed
Thousa nd piece/h tctare Total/t housan ds Total, p ieces/h ect Total,t housan d Average mass, t Outlet, %
Research
200 488 257 12 52,6 12,6 4,8
Control
200 354 56,4 100 18 28,2 10,2 6,0
Outlet of fish in researchable pond made up 52.6% in controlled- 28.2%.
Fishproductivity made up 12.6 centner/hectare that is on 2.4 centner/hectare more than in controled. The average mass of this year fish was 12 g , in control- 18 g. Expenditures of feed on 1 kg of increase made up 4.8 and 5.0 kg-
After feeding phenarone to the fish the probes of blood were selected for research, (table 4)
- maximal charge dose (Mn^) 1000 mg/kg
- mortal doses DLi6 355
DL50 4236 DL84 7813 DL1oo 9601
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In conditions of tray was conducted research in studying of influence 10th times injection through the zond at the age of two KSG of phenarone in proportion 10 mg/kg to 3% starch clay (clayster). Under influence of imrnunomodulator slight increase of hematocryt number, hemoglobin and erotrocytis (diagram 1) was remarket.
Table 2
Data of blood in the age of tw KSG, exposed to phenarone
Group of fish Mass/g Factor of fatness Hemat ocrytic al numbe r Hemog lobin, g% Erytroc ytis mln/mi crolitre s Proteins of the whey
g% activity
Resear ch 132,3 6,63 2,3 0,06 39,1 1,78 6,89 0,19 2,01 0,14 3,26 0,16 43,2 1,28
Contra 1 140,1 9,66 2,3 0,04 24,7 3,43 6,31 0,42 1,96 0,10 3,47 0,13 28,2 1,90
In researched group of fish was marked increasing bacteriostatical activity whey of blood to 53.5% in comparison with controlled group of fish.
In the whey blood of fish, which were exposed to phenarone slight decrease of albumins was market and increasing of content a and y globulins was seen.
In total it shows an increase of the immune system of fish.
Researches applied 10th times injection through the zond pfenazan asid (10 mg/kg). It was seen increasing of hematocryt number , hemoglobin, quantity of erytrocitis and level of bacteriostatical activity of blood whey . In the blood whey of fish increasing of a and y globulins, was revealed which are responsing for resistance of the organism.
Influence of the phenarone on the pace of development of fish ( this year generation) studied in conditions of two growing ponds on the site " Velykyj Lubin".
On the dry bottom of the ponds was put. Chalk 400kg/hectare and organical manure (muck) 2t/htct. The fish was put in the ponds on the 23ld of may with 3-day maggots sazano-carp hybrid with density of putting 200 thousands per hectare.
In pond # 16 with area 2.44 small fish was fed with phenarone from 2nd of July to 20th of august (37 feedings) and with 100 grams per 1 ton of artificial.
In controlled fish increasing of body mass on 20% ( P<. 005) was seen in comparison with researched that is combined apparently with low density of the fish in the pond # 17. Factors of hemoglobin levels , hematocrytical number and erytrocitis as in research also in control within phyziological norm. In researchable fish some increased resistence of erytrocitis was seen.
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Науковий вгсник ЛНУВМБТ 1мет С.З. Гжицького Том 12 № 3(45) Частина 4, 2010
Table 3
Morpho-gematological data this year carp after feeding with phenarone and
artificial feed.
Mass, g Factor of fatness Hematocrytic al number hemoglubin Erytrocitis
Mln/micr olitres Total resistence
This year fish KSG, which were fed by phenarone
14,42 2,8 27,9* 7,31* 1,42* 2,16
0,48 0,06 1,89 0,53 0,09 0,14
This year fish KSG, which were fed by artificial feed
17,37 2,80 27,7* 7,27* 1,46* 1,96
0,69 0,09 1,33 0,18 0,09 0,11
The level of proteins in blood in fish which took part in research was increased on 12% (p<. 005), (table 3). There is tendency of albuminus decreasing level. At the same time increased the level of majority of globulin's fractions that revealed the high resistence of the fish organizm.
References
1 . Gershanovych A.D. The ways of intensification of fish development during growing .// Fishery. Series : Using of fishery in internal ponds.-#1,M., 1986, 65 pages.
2. 2. Gytelson I.I. Terokov LA. Factors which influence on resistence of erytrocitis in vessel stream.//Compilation of questions of biophysics, biochtmistry and patology of the erytrocitis . Issue 2 Krasnoyarsk, 1961.
3. Kompanets E.V. Micromethod of identification of BACK in fish and its using in irmmmological researches.// Fishery. Kiev. Harvest, 1991, 71 pages.
4. Teroko LA.., Gytelson I.I. Method of chemical (acid x ) rytrogram.// Biophysics, 1957, 2. Pages 359-267/
5. Temporary advises on using phenazan-acid ( in order of broad producing researches from 13 th of January 1989 ).
Summary
Injection to the fish through the zond antioxidant of phenarone with proportion 10 mg/kg during 10 days causes increas of hematocrytical number, hemoglobin, quantity of erytrocitis and BACK on 35%.
In whey was remarked increasing of the globulines with ability of a and у
fractions
Feeding to this year fish KSG phenarone in proportion 100 g on 1 tonn of the artificial feed during 37th days caused to increase of fish productivity on 2.4 centners/htctare.
Стаття надтшла до редакцИ 1.09.2010
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