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Influence of aqueous extract from lemna minor frond on blood biochemical parameters in autoimmune thyroiditis in rats
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20534/ELBLS-17-2-23-25
Kononenko Alevtina Gennadievna, National University of Pharmacy, associate professor, Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology E-mail: alevtina-kononen@mail.ru Kravchenko Vera Nikolaevna, National University of Pharmacy, professor, Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology
Influence of aqueous extract from lemna minor frond on blood biochemical parameters in autoimmune thyroiditis in rats
Abstract: This article presents the study of the effect of aqueous extract from Lemna minor frond on biochemical indicators of metabolism in experimental autoimmune thyroiditis in rats. It founded that the introduction of aqueous extract from Lemna minor frond decreases levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and increases HDL level in the blood serum of rats with autoimmune thyroiditis.
Keywords: aqueous extract from Lemna minor frond, autoimmune thyroiditis, metabolism, biochemical parameters.
The literature indicates that thyroid disease occupy the last place among all endocrine pathology, and still remains one of the most difficult problems in clinical endocrinology. This confirmed by the ever-increasing incidence and high rates of disability in this pathology that is associated with environmental degradation, inadequate intake of iodine, increase the frequency of autoimmune diseases. Almost every second or third person on Earth has a particular pathology thyroid structure in which autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) in frequency and social significance takes first place [3; 5; 14].
Disorders of the functional activity of the thyroid gland leads to changes in metabolic processes and the resulting imbalance in the system homeostasis [2; 7; 14; 15; 16]. Thyroid dysfunction — one of endocrine pathologies, which in most cases is associated with metabolic disorders.
Development of new approaches and search for more effective means to normalize thyroid function at AIT is essential. Correction of biochemical indicators in thyroid dysfunction may be associated with both intake of thyroid hormones and bioactive substances in the blood stream of drugs used for the treatment of metabolic processes [6; 7; 9; 11]. The most promising source of biologically active substances are medicinal plants. The feasibility study in this area of medicinal plants is determined by a wide range of pharmacological actions and the relative safety of long-term use [11; 12; 14; 17].
One of the most promising plants, which contains a set of biologically active substances are Lemna minor.
As a result of research in phytochemicals Lemna minor frond was established presence of iodine and 14 elements (calcium, potassium, silicon, sodium, etc.), and 32 biologically active substances of different chemical groups (phytosterols, saturated hydrocarbons, aldehydes and ketones, fatty acids, etc.) [1]. Also established the presence of amino acids, including aspartic and glu-tamic acid, arginine, leucine, alanine, valine and lysine [6]. Therefore, the aim of our investigation was to study the effect of aqueous extract from Lemna minor frond (AELMF) on biochemical parameters in serum of rats in conditions of experimental AIT.
Materials and methods of research. The experiments were performed on white nonlinear rats weighing 180-200 g male in compliance with Commission on Bioethics and Pharmacy "General ethical animal experimentation" (Kyiv, 2001), consistent with the provisions of the European Convention "On Protection of Vertebrate Animals used for experimental or other scientific purposes " (Strasbourg, 1986).
Experimental AIT induced in rats by immunization of human thyroid antigen in combination with a complete adjuvant Freud. Introduction AELMF performed intragastric 1 week after the last immunization within 21 days. Upon expiration of the animals taken out of the experiment and measured serum total protein, albumin, urea, creatinine, cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), HDL and LDL using test kits Biosystems (Spain). Glucose was determined using a glucometer One Touch Ultra.
Section 2. Biomedical science
Statistical analysis of the results was performed using standard statistical software package «Statistica 6,0». The experimental data are presented as the mean, its error (± S). Statistical analysis of the results was performed using nonparametric analogue univariate ANOVA — Kruskal-Wallis criterion and then used the
Mann-Whitney criterion. Differences between groups was considered likely adopted at the level of statistical significance of p <0.05 [10, 13].
Results and discussion. Inducted AIT were set changes biochemical parameters in serum of experimental animals.
Table 1. - Biochemical parameters in blood serum of rats with experimental AIT and the application AELMF (n = 10)
Indicator Control А1Т AELMF
Total protein, g/l 61,56 ± 4,32 64,51 ± 2,02 62,78 ± 2,66
Albumin, g/l 28,22 ± 1,35 29,17±1,27 32,01±1,38
Urea, mmol/l 6,56 ± 0,11 6,37 ± 0,49 6,44 ± 0,20
Creatinine mmol/l 83,81 ± 2,34 70,95 ± 2,15* 77,38 ± 2,63
Cholesterol, mmol/l 2,01 ± 0,08 2,74 ± 0,26* 2,55 ± 0,11*
TG mmol/l 0,68 ± 0,03 0,86 ± 0,04* 0,68 ± 0,05**
LDL, mmol/l 0,72 ± 0,02 0,91 ± 0,03* 0,85 ± 0,02*
HDL, mmol/l 0,96 ± 0,05 0,80 ± 0,04* 0,92 ± 0,05
Glucose, mmol/l 6,01 ± 0,13 6,03 ± 0,14 6,35 ± 0,15
Notes: * — statistically significant differences relative to the control group, p <0,05; ** — statistically significant differences with respect AIT group, p < 0.05; n — number of animals in each group.
In the study of lipid metabolism was found that AIT was accompanied by a rise in cholesterol in 1.4 times, LDL and triglycerides — in 1,3 times and reduction of HDL 1.2 times. Hypercholesterolemia can occur by increasing cholesterol content consisting of low-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein too, although there are data and increase the concentration of HDL. After 21 days of application, AELMF in rats with experimental AIT observed positive changes. Cholesterol, LDL and TG in the serum of experimental animals decreased, and the content of HDL — increased compared to control group animals (Table. 1).
Analysis of the dynamics of biochemical parameters of protein metabolism in serum of rats found that in a
group of animals with AIT not significant changes of urea, total protein and albumin (Table. 1). Introduction thyroid antigen led to a decrease in creatinine level in blood serum of rats with AIT in relation to that of the control group to 15.3%. Development AIT was not accompanied by changes in the concentration of glucose in the blood serum.
Conclusions. Experimental AIT induced by administration of thyroid antigen human development characterized by the negative effects ofbiochemical reactions in the form of increased serum cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and increase HDL, indicating the lipid metabolism. Application AELMF helped restore the biochemical parameters of lipid metabolism in serum of rats with AIT.
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A new methodical approach to the teaching of biological chemistry at the Medical University
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20534/ELBLS-17-2-25-29
Mahlysh Sabina Stepanovna, Grodno State Medical University, Assistant professor, the Department of Biological Chemistry
E-mail: maglyshs@gmail.com Lialevich Uladimir Valerianovich, Grodno State Medical University, Professor, the head of the Department of Biological Chemistry, E-mail: vlelevich@yandex.ru Tratsiakova Alena Mihailovna, Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Assistant professor, the Faculty of Biology and Ecology,
E-mail: ghxost@yandex.ru
A new methodical approach to the teaching of biological chemistry at the Medical University
Abstract: Sets of creative tasks and exercises on discipline «Biological chemistry» are developed and approved. It is offered to implement them in educational process at medical universities for increase of teaching efficiency in this discipline and development in students of professional creative thinking. Keywords: biological chemistry, creative tasks and exercises, medical university.
Маглыш Сабина Степановна, Гродненский государственный медицинский университет, доцент, кафедра биологической химии, E-mail: maglyshs@gmail.com
