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13CONCLUSION
1. The synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparti-cles by hydrolysis of titanium tetrachloride is developed; the influence of the synthesis parameters pH of the medium, temperature and synthesis time on the formation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles is studied.
2. Using electron-scanning microscopy, it was found that titanium dioxide nanoparticles of various sizes are formed.
3. The method of treatment of linen fabrics with a solution of low-frequency titanium dioxide, which gives an antimicrobial effect, improves the bactericidal properties, is carried out;
4. It was revealed by microbiological studies that the antimicrobial effect at the level of bactericidal activity is the safest when tissues come into contact with human skin. No microbes or bacteria were found on the samples under study;
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1. Costa S. M. et.al. Multifunctional Flax Fibres Based on the Combined Effect of Silver and Zinc Oxide
(Ag/ZnO) Nanostructures. Nanomaterials. 2018. 8. 1069.
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3. Taussarova B. R., Suleimenovaa M. Sh., Baimakhanovb G. A. Development and Research of Packaging Paper Modified by Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles. Nanotechnologies in Russia. 2019. Vol. 14, Nos. 11-12, p. 565-571.
4. He C., Chen Q., Yarmolenko M.A.et al. Structure and antibacterial activity of PLA-based biodegradable nanocomposite coatings by electron beam deposition from active gas phase. Prog. Org. Coat. 2018. V.123.P. 282-291.
5. Mallakpour S., Jarang N. Production of bi-onanocomposites based on poly(vinylpyrrolidone) using modified TiO2 nanoparticles with citric acid and ascorbic acid and study of their physicochemical properties // Polym. Bull. 2018. V. 75. P.1441. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s00289-017-2100-5
IMPARTING BIOCIDAL PROPERTIES TO INSULATING MATERIALS MADE OF LINEN FIBRES
Ertas A. Burkitbay A. Niyazbekov B. Tausarova B.
Almaty Technological University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
Abstract
In this work, salicylic acid and copper sulfate were chosen as antimicrobial agents to impart biocidal properties to nonwoven materials. The conditions of the antibacterial finishing process were as follows: the aqueous solution of a biocidal composition of different concentration was applied by spraying to the surface of the material, then the drying and heat treatment was carried out at 180°C on the thermal conductor. A microbiological study was conducted to study the fungicidal activity of the treated material.Tests were also carried out on the toxic and dermal effects of non-woven material treated with salicylic acid and copper sulfate and demonstrated its safety to human health.
Keywords: Textile Material, Nonwoven Material, Biocidal Substance, Microorganisms, Salicylic Acid, Copper Sulfate, Microbiological Study.
Introduction
The incorporation of antimicrobial additives in various materials not only protects them from exposure to microorganisms under critical operating conditions, but also makes it possible to impart antimicrobial properties to goods, such as resistance to pathogenic organisms.
There are various ways to create textile materials with biocidal properties with the use of antibacterial drugs:
- introduction of antibacterial agents into the polymer-forming substance;
- imparting antimicrobial properties to textile materials at the final stages of dyeing and finishing;
- the use of biocidal substances in the washing or cleaning of textile materials and products.
This study focuses on the treatment of non-woven materials during emulsion or after the canvas is formed by spraying with an antimicrobial solution. Nonwoven
materials with biocidal properties are used in construction as insulating materials. There is also evidence of the use of non-woven materials with antimicrobial activity as floor coverings in hospitals, schools, sanatoriums, kindergartens, hotels, and other public institutions, as well as in everyday life.
Wrapping and packaging materials with antimicrobial properties are of great practical importance. They provide long-term preservation of packaged items, which can find great use in trade, especially foreign trade.
Antimicrobial cloths are also very useful for technical purposes, in particular, as filter materials. Filters with antimicrobial properties can be used for disinfection of fresh water, as preservatives of fruit juices. Bacterial air filters are required for air conditioning and ventilation in hospitals, various microbiological laboratories. The requirement for the sterility of process air arises in the production of various pharmaceutical and
cosmetic products, vitamins, and food citric acid; here, 1. Objects and methods of research
nonwovens with pre-planned antimicrobial properties Objects of research: nonwoven materials made of
can find great practical application. flax fibers and antimicrobial agents (salicylic acid and
copper sulfate).
Working conditions: air temperature 24° C, relative humidity in the room 59 %.
Table 1.
Nutrient medium and reagents
No. Name and coding of nutrient medium and reagents Manufacturer Characteristics
1 Nutritive agar HiMedia, India pH (at 25 °C) 7.4±0.2
2 Sodium chloride Mikhailovsky Reagent Plant, Russia cp
3 Ethanol «Talgar Spirt», Kazakhstan 96 %
Test strains of microorganisms:
> CandidaalbicansATCC 10231-test culture for testing fungicides and quality control of the nutrient medium. Test culture obtained from the American Typical Culture Collection (ATCC), USA;
> CandidaalbicansATCC 2091-test culture for testing fungicides and quality control of the nutrient medium. Test culture obtained from the American Typical Culture Collection (ATCC), USA;
> AspergilusbraziliensisATCC16404-test culture for testing fungicides. The test culture is obtained from the American Typical Culture Collection (ATSS), USA.
2. Results and Discussion
The conditions of the process of antibacterial finishing were as follows: an aqueous solution of a bio-cidal composition of various concentrations was applied by spraying to the surface of the material, then dried and heat treated at 180 °C in a thermal press.
In the production of nonwovens, treatment with a biocidal composition can be combined by emulsifying a mixture of fibers, or carried out after the formation of the canvas with subsequent heat treatment and calendaring.
Salicylic acid and copper sulfate were selected as components of the composition.
From the data obtained, it can be seen that the test sample has antifungal activity against the test strains under study. The nonwoven material treated with biocidal preparations showed pronounced fungicidal activity against A. braziliensis ATCC16404 - 14±0.8 mm
A preliminary study of the literature on the use of salicylic acid (SA) and copper sulfate (CS) in various industries allowed us to suggest the possibility of using them as components of the composition.
Based on the preliminary experiment, the concentration of salicylic acid was varied in the range of 2-5 g/l, copper sulfate-1-3 g/l.
The fibrous material was impregnated by spraying with a biocide solution, followed by drying and heat treatment at 180 °C for 1-2 minutes.
A microbiological study was carried out to investigate the fungicidal activity of the treated material. The chosen research method is described in the recommendations and scientific articles [1, 2]. With this technique, the degree of inhibition of the growth of test microorganisms (bacteria or fungi) is studied. The efficiency indicator is the growth delay zone of at least 4 mm. The defined zone of microbial growth retardation around the samples depends on the degree of diffusion of antimicrobial agents into the nutrient agar layer.
The results of tests of the fungicidal activity of the treated material with salicylic acid (5 g/l) and copper sulfate (3 g/l)against three fungal strains C. albi-cansATCC 10231, C. albicansATCC 2091 and A. BraziliensisATCC16404 are presented in (Table. 3) and on (Fig. 1, 2, 3).
Table 2
and C. albicans ATCC 2091 - 10.6 ±0.47. Less activity was shown against C. albicansATCC 10231- 5.6±0.47 mm.
Results of bio-stability of nonwoven material treated with salicylic acid and copper sulfate
Test strains Growth suppression zone, mm Average value
1st repeat 2nd repeat 3rd repeat
C. albicansATCC 10231 5 6 6 5,6 ± 0,47
C. albicansATCC 2091 10 11 11 10,6 ± 0,47
A. braziliensisATCC16404 14 13 15 14 ± 0,8
Figure 1 - Growth retardation zone of the test strain C. albicansATCC 2091 (experimental and control sample)
Figure 2
Growth retardation zone of the test strain A. braziliensisATCC16404 (experimental and control sample)
Figure 3 - Growth retardation zone of the test strain C. albicansATCC 10231 (experimental and control sample)
From the data obtained, it is clear that the test sample impregnated with salicylic acid and copper sulfate has a pronounced antifungal activity against the test strains A. braziliensisATCC16404 (zone of retardation was 14 ± 0.8 mm), C. albicansATCC 2091 (10.6 ± 0.47 mm) and C. albicansATCC 10231 (5.6 ± 0.47 mm). Even with a demonstrated activity of 5.6 ± 0.47 mm
against C. albicansATCC 10231, the nonwoven material shows fungicidal activity.
In addition, IR-spectrum of samples of the original and processed material are examined to study the mechanism of interaction of the composite composition with the macromolecules of the fiber.
Wavenumber cm-1
Figure 4 - IR-spectrum of raw, nonwoven material
4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500
Wavenumber cm-1
Figure 5 - IR-spectrum of non-woven material treated with salicylic acid and copper sulfate
Studies show (Figure 4 - 5) that all the absorption bands characteristic of cellulose in treated nonwovens are retained. Figure 5 also shows that in the spectra of the sample treated with salicylic acid and copper sulfate new absorption bands appear in the frequency range 1100 - 1200 cm-1 as well as in the range 1425 - 1525 cm-1 and 1593 - 1662 cm-1 corresponding to vibrations of the aromatic ring.
Tests carried out on the toxic and skin irritant effects of nonwoven material treated with salicylic acid and copper sulfate have shown it to be safe for human health.
Conclusion
The non-woven material impregnated with salicylic acid and copper sulfate has pronounced antifungal activity against the test strains A.braziliensis A-TCC16404, C. albicansATCC 2091 and C.albi-cans ATCC 10231.
Tests on the toxic and skin irritant effects of the non-woven material treated with salicylic acid and copper sulfate have also shown it to be safe for human health.
Thus, the proposed non-woven material with bio-cidal properties can be used in construction as an insulation material.
REFERENCES:
1. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disc Susceptibility Test, CLSI Vol. 30 No1, Jan 2010;
2. Obukhov Yu.I., Razuvaev A.V. /Methods for assessing the effectiveness of biocide treatment of textile materials/ Market of Consumer Goods Industry. No. 80, 2010;
3. Burkitbay A., Rakhimova S.M., Taussarova B.R, Kutzhanova A.Zh.,Application of dressing composition for antimicrobial finishing of cellulosic tekstile materials // Mater. XXIII International congress « IFACC International Federation of Textile Chemists and Colourists». - Budapest: IFACC, 2013. - P. 123;
4. Pat. 26922 RK. «Composition for antimicrobial finishing of cellulose textile material» / B.R. Tausa-rova, A.Zh. Kutzhanova, A. Burkitbay, E. Takei, K. Zhakupova; Publ. 15.05.13, Bulletin No.5. - 4 p.
5. Burkitbay A., Rakhimova S.M. Taussarova B.R., Kutzhanova Azh. «Development of polymeric composition for antimicrobial finish of cotton fabrics» //Fibres& textiles in Eastern Europe. - 2014. - Vol. 22, No. 2(104). - P. 96 - 101.
6. Burkitbay A., Taussarova B.R., Kutzhanova Azh., Rakhimova S.M.Using of water-soluble polymers antimicrobial finishing of cotton fabrics// Mater. International textile conference. - Dresden, 2013. - C. 155 - 156.
