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8CHEMICAL SCIENCES
STUDY OF SENSITIVITY OF MICROORGANISMS TO SYNTHESIZED POLYMERS BASED ON
TERTIE AMINES
Abdullaev H., Ismailov A., Mirzaev U., Ayupova M., Ismailov R.
Tashkent State Technical University named after I.Karimov,
Tashkent city, Uzbekistan
ABSTRACT
The article presents the results of the study of the antimicrobial properties of the polymer salts of quaternary ammonium bases; high antimicrobial activity of low molecular weight and high molecular weight substances was found. The antimicrobial properties of textile materials, as well as chemical compounds used for bactericidal treatment of textile materials, are considered. We have studied the sensitivity of some microorganisms to low molecular weight and high molecular weight substances based on p-methacryloethyl-N, N-dimethylmethylenecarboxyam-monium iodide and metmethacryloylethyl-N, N-dimethylallylammonium bromide.
Keywords: Polymer salt, quaternary ammonium bases, antimicrobial textile materials, antimicrobial properties, sensitivity, microorganisms, low molecular weight and high molecular weight substances.
Introduction
The use of chemical compounds with varying degrees of biological activity can lead to imbalance in the environment, the occurrence of acute and chronic poisoning, a change in the immunobiological reactivity of living organisms, an increase in the overall incidence of people, a decrease in their performance, the development of long-term effects and other harmful effects [16 ].
Textile production consists of two very dissimilar inherently stages: mechanical and chemical technologies. At the first, mechanical technological phase, yarn is produced from natural or chemical fibers (spinning), from which fabrics (weaving) are then made. Almost no chemical transformations with fibers, yarn and fabric at this stage occurs. The connection with chemistry consists only in the fact that all textile fibers (natural, chemical) are various polymers with a certain chemical structure and physical structure. Therefore, to implement the mechanical stage of the technology, extensive knowledge of the physic-mechanical properties of the fibers, which are determined by their chemical and physical nature, is necessary.
Currently, there is a need to create high-performance and low-operational technological processes for obtaining materials with stable antimicrobial properties using new, effective, non-toxic, cheap modifiers and study their effect on the physic-mechanical and functional properties of materials. Chinese scientists have developed antimicrobial natural fibers modified with silver nanoparticles with y-radiation.
It should be noted that the main advantages of monomeric salts include high antimicrobial activity. Their chemical structure opens up wide possibilities for the synthesis of various types of salts, differing in the number, length and structure of hydrophobic radicals, the number of cationic centers, etc. [7-15].
Objects and research methods.
Electron microscopic studies were carried out using a Tesla B-242 E. electron microscope. Ultrathin sections were obtained on an UMT-2 ultra-microtome.
The fungicidal and bactericidal action of the substances was evaluated by the diameter of growth inhibition of various fungi and bacteria.
Application of solutions of a composition based on high molecular weight substances on natural fiber. The required amount of the composition solution is applied to the fiber mass using a special device. Then the fiber is mixed and left for several hours to uniformly impregnate the composition over the entire surface of the fiber, after which it is tested.
Experimental results and their discussion.
Antimicrobial textile materials and fibers can be used in everyday life in the manufacture of covers for mattresses, tablecloths, towels, handkerchiefs, as well as packaging materials and other purposes in everyday life and in production. Perhaps such materials will find application in the manufacture of socks, stockings and underwear for people suffering from fungal or other diseases, as well as for people who are in special conditions when frequent linen changes are not possible. Lingerie, socks, personal hygiene items made from antimicrobial tissues do not have harmful effects on people. Of considerable interest is the use of polymers and copolymers based on nitrogen and halide compounds in the textile industry.
The results of the studies showed that cultures of staphylococcus, Escherichia coli, Proteus and Salmonella (Fig. 1-4) are sensitive to all tested low molecular weight and high molecular weight compounds [16-18].
At the same time, the culture of yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida proved to be insensitive (Fig. 1) to their action. Multiple studies have convincingly shown that among the studied systems, the low molecular weight compounds of the Quaternary ammonium salts
and high molecular weight compounds based on it have the greatest bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal effect.
Fig. 1. The sensitivity of the culture of the fungus of the genus Candida to the Quaternary salt based on fi-methacryloethyl-N, N-dimethylmethylenecarboxyammonium iodide: 1-control; 2-0.5% solution; 3-1.0% solution; 4-2.0% solution.
Fig. 2. The sensitivity of staphylococcus culture to action quaternary salts based on fi-methacryloethyl-N, N-di-
methylmethylenecarboxyammonium iodide: 1-control; 2 - 0.5% solution; 3- 1.0% solution; 4- 2.0% solution a 6
Fig. 3. The sensitivity of the E. Coli culture to the preparation offi-methacryloethyl-N, N-dimethylmethylenecar-
boxyammonium iodide (a) and its polymer (b): 1-control; 2 - 0.5% solution; 3- 1.0% solution; 4-2.0% solution.
Fig. 4. The sensitivity of the Proteus culture to a polymer based on ft-methacryloyethyl-N, N-dimethylmethylene-
carboxyammonium iodide: 1-control; 3- 1.0% solution; 2 - 0.5% solution; 4-2.0% solution.
A microbiological study of fibers treated with p-methacryloethyl-N, N-dimethylmethylenecarboxyam-monium iodide was carried out, as a result of which it was found that this material is active against Staphylo-coccusaureus and Escherichiacoli. Moreover, as the amount of P-methacryloyethyl-N, N-dimethyl-methylenecarboxyammonium iodide increases, the bactericidal activity of the fiber increases.
Table.
The effect of the content of P-methacryloethyl-N, N-dimethylmethylenecarboxyammonium iodide in the fiber on
Based on the obtained experimental data, a technology for producing bactericidal fiber was developed. The data obtained allow us to conclude that the modification of the fiber with P-methacryloyethyl-N, N-dime-thylmethylenecarboxyammonium iodide determines its manifestation of the effect of antimicrobial activity (table).
The monomer content in the fiber, % (mass.) The zone of growth retardation, mm
Staphylococcus aureus Escherichia coli
0 0 0
0,1 10 9
1,5 10 10
2,0 11 10
As a result of the modification of p-methacryloethyl-N, N-dimethylmethylenecarboxyam-monium iodide, the ratio of fiber to dyes changes: it loses its ability to be dyed by cationic dyes, but an affinity for anionic dyes appears. A study of the sorption of dyes of chrome orange, chrome green anthraqui-none, acid blue, acid bright red, direct pure blue and direct red showed that their equilibrium content in the fiber was 1.5 ... 2.0% (mass.). The color fastness to "dry" friction of the samples was characterized by 4 ... 5 points.
The biological activity of modified fibers dyed with anionic dyes containing 2.0% (wt.) B-methacryloethyl-N, N-dimethylmethylenecarboxyam-monium iodide was studied.
It was found that the antimicrobial activity of such a fiber decreases by 10-15% with respect to Staphylo-coccusaureus and by 45-55% with Escherichiacoli, which is apparently due to the formation of stable ad-ducts "high molecular weight substance - modifier -dye".
Output
Thus, the main method of imparting antibacterial properties to textile materials is the use of antimicrobial
agents. One of the main modern materials are polymers successfully used in textile fibers. Modern market relations and the improvement of textile production technologies open up wider prospects for the production of fibers with special properties. Modification of textile fibers by studying their sensitivity to certain microorganisms of polymers based on aminoalkyl acrylates with halogen-containing compounds contributes to the achievement of obtaining modified fibers with bactericidal properties.
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