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7Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences
SJIF 2024 = 6.131 / ASI Factor = 1.7
IDIOMS EXPRESSING THE CONCEPT OF TIME IN ENGLISH AND
UZBEK
Bakhronova Dilrabo,
professor, DSc in philology, Head of Department of Applied Science of the Spanish Language, Uzbekistan State World Languages University Saydalieva Gulrukhsor, master's student of the Uzbekistan State World Languages University gulrukhsorsaydalieva@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This article is devoted to the field of phraseology of linguistics. The word "idiom" is derived from Greek language which means "peculiar phraseology". When the words in idioms are translated word by word they do not have peculiar meaning, all words together mean the complete idea. These phraseological units are used to make the speech more fascinating and splendid. By the way, they are great helper for literary works. In this article the idioms which are about the concept of time are chosen and their English, Uzbek equivalents are mentioned.
Key words: phraseology, phrase, idiom, equivalent, alternative, concept, linguistics
INGLIZ VA O'ZBEK TILLARIDA VAQT KONSEPTINI IFODALOVCHI
IDIOMALAR
Baxronova Dilrabo Keldiyorovna,
O'zbekiston davlat jahon tillari universiteti professori, DSc, Ispan tili amaliy fanlar kafedrasi mudiri Saydaliyeva Gulruxsor O'ktam qizi, O'zbekiston davlat jahon tillari universiteti magistratura talabasi
ANNOTATSIYA
Bu maqola tilshunoslikning frazeologiya bo'limiga bag'ishlangan. "Idioma" so'zi yunon tilidan olingan bo'lib "yaxlit birlik" degan ma'noni bildiradi. Frazeologik birikmalardagi so 'zlar alohida tarjima qilinmay, undagi barcha so 'zlar birgalikda bir tugal ma 'noni anglatishga qaratilgan bo 'ladi. Ushbu birliklar nutqni yanayam ko 'rkam va jozibador bo 'lishiga xizmat qilib, nutqda va badiiy asarlarda keng qo'llaniladi. Ushbu maqolada esa aynan vaqtni ifodalovchi yaxlit birliklar tanlab olinib, ularning ingliz va o 'zbek tilidagi muqobil variantlari keltirib o'tilgan.
Kalit so'zlar: frazeologiya, so'z birikmasi, idioma, ekvivalent, alternativ, konsept, lingvistika.
SJIF 2024 = 6.131 / ASI Factor = 1.7
ИДИОМЫ ВЫРАЖАЮЩИЕ ПОНЯТИЕ ВРЕМЕНИ НА АНГЛИЙСКОМ
И УЗБЕКСКОМ ЯЗЫКАХ
Бахронова Дилрабо Келдиёровна
профессор, DSc, заведующая кафедрой прикладной науки испанского языка Узбекского государственного университета мировых языков Сайдалиева Гулрухсор Уктам кизи магистр Узбекского государственного университета мировых языков
АННОТАЦИЯ
Данная статья посвящена фразеологическому разделу языкознания. Слово "идиом" происходит из греческого языка и означает "единство". Слова во фразеологизме не переводятся отдельно, все слова в нем призваны передать один и тот же смысл. Эти единицы служат для того, чтобы сделать речь более красивой и привлекательной, а также широко используются в произведениях искусства. В данной статье выделены конкретные единицы, обозначающие время, и даны противоположности в английском и узбекском языках.
Ключевые слова: фразеология, словосочетание, идиома, эквивалент, альтернатив, концепт, лингвистика.
INTRODUCTION
There are a lot of opportunities to exceed the vocabulary richness in linguistics. Every language has its own collection of wise sayings. They offer advice about how to live and also transfer some underlying ideas, principles and values of a given culture or society. These sayings are called "idioms". These combinations of words have (rarely complete sentences) "a figurative meaning". These types of phraseological units are not translated word by word, they have whole meanings which is not related to the words in contents of idioms. Being aware of one language's idiomatic expressions helps to understand the speaker properly, to talk as natives, in a word they decorate the speech. By the way, we can come across idioms in poetry and other aspects of literature.
DISCUSSION AND RESULTS
English idioms like "when pigs fly", "never in a million years", "not on your life", "when hell freezes over" all mean "never and impossible to happen" and they are nearly equal to the phraseological units "tuyani dumi yerga tekkanda", "ho 'kiz tuqqanda", "xo'roz tuxum qo'yganda", "ikki dunyoda", "ikki dunyoda ham" in Uzbek language:
SJIF 2024 = 6.131 / ASI Factor = 1.7
"I might get up early to clean my room tomorrow ". "Yeah, right you will do that when pigs fly" (iso.mit.edu). Tarjimasi: "Ehtimol men ertaga xonamni tozalash uchun vaqtli turarman". "Tuyani dumi yerga tekkanida sen bunday qilishing mumkin ".
The idiom "on the spur of the moment" express the concept of "immediately, without planning", in Uzbek language the phraseological unit "tomdan tarasha tushganday" equals to this phrase:
They did not plan to go away for the weekend. They decided to go to the mountains on the spur of the moment. Ular dam olish kunlari biror joyga chiqishni rejalashtirishmagandi. Tomdan tarasha tushgandek tog'ga borishga qaror qilishdi. (M.Broukal. Idioms for everyday use)
"Kill time", "kill an hour" word by word translations in Uzbek is "vaqtni o'ldirmoq" but their true meanings are to waste time "vaqtni behuda sarflamoq", "vaqtni tezroq o'tkazmoq ":
The train was late, so I killed an hour or so window-shopping. (Wisdom dictionary). Tarjimasi: Poyezd kech qoldi, vaqtni o'tkazish uchun do 'kon aylandim.
Moreover, one more examples which are utilized as time expressions "at eleventh hour", "in a nick of time", "under the wire" mean "the latest possible time before it is too late" in Uzbek their alternatives are "eng so 'nggi soniyalarda ", "eng so'nggi daqiqalarda":
He postponed his trip at eleventh hour (collinsdictionary.com). U eng so'nggi soniyalarda sayohatini bekor qildi.
The idiom "in no time" means "quickly" - "tez" In Uzbek language the phraseological units "hash-pash deguncha", "ko'z ochib yumguncha" can be equivalents for this expression:
When Sid got sick suddenly, we called the emergency number and the paramedics were here in no time. (M.Broukal. Idioms for everyday use). Tarjimasi: Sid to 'satdan betob bo 'lib qoldi, tezyordamga qo 'ng'iroq qildik va tibbiyot xodimlari hash-pash deguncha yetib kelishdi.
Another idiom is "put the cart before the horse" - "to do things in the wrong order" in Uzbek "to 'ydan oldin nog 'ora chalmoq", "podadan oldin chang chiqarmoq " are best alternatives for this expression:
Aren't you putting the cart before the horse by deciding what to wear for the wedding before you have been invited to it. Tarjimasi: Sen hali to'yga taklif etilmay turib, nima kiyish haqida o'ylabpodadan oldin changchiqarmayapsanmi?
"Time will tell" (also only time will tell) "vaqt aytadi, vaqt ko'rsatadi", the truth or correctness of something will only be established at some time in the future:
SJIF 2024 = 6.131 / ASI Factor = 1.7
Only time will tell whether Broughton's optimism is justified.. Brotonning optimistligi o'zini oqlaydimiy'oqmi, buni hali vaqt ko'rsatadi.
CONCLUSION
As written above, there are many idioms in English and they own Uzbek equivalents. Some of them are the same word by word, others are similar in meaning. The most significant side of being aware of idioms one can easily understand natives and use them in their speech correctly. To flourish and decorate the speech, idioms are the most suitable ones, above just a drop in the ocean.
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