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УДК 62
Арашева О.,
Преподаватель
Туркменский государственный институт финансов HISTORY OF COMPUTER DEVELOPMENT AND COMPUTING SYSTEMS
Key words:
fundamental reforms, effectiveness of computer management.
The reforms being carried out in our country require completely different methods of management in the computer technology of Turkmenistan, which increases the importance of wide use of computers in all institutions and enterprises of the country. In order to successfully manage a computer system, one must know the content and characteristics of the engineering and systems engineering professions. Every effort is made to motivate and educate them to meet the advanced requirements of computer technology in order to achieve the full effectiveness of computer management.
From the first day of assuming the presidency, the President opened a wide path for education and science, and Turkmenistan embarked on fundamental reforms to improve the national education system in the country.
The Decree of President of Turkmenistan dated February 15, 2007 "On improving the education system in Turkmenistan" initiated fundamental reforms in the education system.
Today, modern reforms in the national education system greatly contribute to the education and upbringing of the young generation, and to their development as professionals with a broad outlook, good manners, clean morals.
In the era of New Revival and Great Reforms under the leadership of the Honorable President of Turkmenistan, one should be able to use computer programs correctly. Future professionals must know the ways and means of managing organizations through computers. In addition, in computerized institutions, objective evaluation of the organizational situation, then adopting management decisions based on its results, reducing the uncertainty associated with adopting future-oriented, effective solutions, the appropriateness of using computers, a thorough study of operating systems such as Windows and Linux, they must be able to manage software on computers, troubleshoot computer systems, and protect data.
The new curriculum was prepared taking into account the requirements for the training of highly educated specialists in the era of the Renaissance and Great Reforms.
Today, computers are ubiquitous in almost any industry. Therefore, introduction to computing is taught regardless of the major of the students. In addition to certain off-the-shelf software products, it is advisable to study programming in this course. There are several languages that allow you to create software products. Among them, Turbo Pascal is considered to be a language that is easy to learn and at the same time has a wide range of features. In addition, Turbo Pascal is a precursor to the now-widely used Delphi language, so its adaptation helps students learn object-oriented languages as they graduate from their majors.
To be able to work on the WINDOWS operating system, which is widely used today, to use the WORD word processor running on that operating system, the EXCEL spreadsheet program, the ACCSESS database program, etc. m. good practice is very important.
Computer plays a very important role in the education policy of the President of Turkmenistan. What is a computer? How is the computer set up? Computer peripherals; Understanding of computer programs; It is necessary to know such questions as the concept of computer networks. In particular, this course offers to teach the fundamentals of programming, which is considered the most prestigious field in computer technology. Programming is widely used in all technical fields. For example, programming is used to perform mathematical
calculations in chemical processes, oil and gas production, construction, and mechanical and energy processes. In the field of construction and architecture, additional engineering-drawing calculations, vector graphics, and the use of the famous AutoCAD program are taught.
Providing basic computer skills; Teaching how to work with popular applications on the Windows operating system; teaching students the rules of algorithmic programming regardless of the type of programming language; from learning how to execute algorithms in the Turbo Pascal programming language; by teaching how to create specific applications; It consists of learning how to draw drawings in AutoCad and use them to make architectural calculations.
History of computer development and computing systems. The need to calculate. Mechanical calculators. Electrical calculators. Electronic calculators and their descendants. A schematic diagram of an electronic calculator. Insights into their software. Technical safety regulations.
Decimal system. A binary number system. The hexadecimal number system. Moving from one computing system to another computing system. Arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) performed in different counting systems.
MS-DOS operating system. Basic rules of operation. Features of the DOS operating system. The need to create a DOS operating system. File shells used in the DOS operating system. Norton Commander file folders. Volkow Commander file shells. Copy, move, create, delete files. DOS operating system functions and routines and commands. Literature:
1. "Program for the development of the oil and gas industry of Turkmenistan for the period up to 2030". Ashgabat, 2006.
2. Pascal User Manual and Reports
3. (Revised for the ISO Pascal Standard). Bern, 1984.
4. Abramov V.G., Trifonov N.P., Trifonova G.N. Introduction to the Pascal language, Moscow, 1988.
5. Polyakov D.B., Krugov I.Yu. Programming in TURBO PASCAL (version 5.5), Moscow, 1992.
© ApaweBa O., 2023
УДК 62
Арашева О.,
Преподаватель
Туркменский государственный институт финансов ОПЕРАЦИОННАЯ СИСТЕМА WINDOWS. ТЕКСТОВЫЙ ПРОЦЕССОР WORD. ТАБЛИЦА EXCEL
Ключевые слова:
программа, процессоры, уравнений в электронной таблице.
Особенности операционных систем WINDOWS. Необходимость создания операционной системы WINDOWS. Установите и завершите работу операционной системы WINDOWS. Развертывание программ. Работа с рабочим столом. Создание папок и ярлыков. Работайте с файлами: копируйте, переименовывайте, удаляйте, меняйте атрибуты.
Запускаем текстовый процессор WORD. Написание текста новым туркменским алфавитом. Форматировать текст. Работа с изображениями и ячейками. Распечатать текст. Текстовые редакторы.
