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17Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology — 2019; 59 (9)
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-59-9-839-840 Schuz J., Weiderpass E.
Global cancer burden and the urgency of rigorous cancer control
International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150, cours Albert Thomas, Lyon, France, 69372
Cancer is increasing worldwide and mainly because of the increase in life expectancy it is projected that the number of annually newly diagnosed cancer cases raises from 17.0 million today to 27.5 million in 2040, an increase by 61.4%, that must be reversed. From evaluations of the carcinogenicity of substances it is estimated that about 40% of today's cancers are preventable, but implementation of primary prevention needs to be more rigorous and structured. Occupational cancers resulting from workplace exposures account for an estimated 3-5% of the total cancer burden and are among the preventable ones. The present review gives an overview of global cancer statistics, successful cancer control measures through primary and secondary prevention, and the role of occupational hygiene in reducing the occupational cancer burden. Keywords: cancer prevention; cancer control
For citation: Schuz J., Weiderpass E. Global cancer burden and the urgency of rigorous cancer control. Med. truda i prom ekol. 2019; 59 (9). http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-59-9-839-840 For correspondence: Schuz J., E-mail: [email protected] Funding. The study had no funding.
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest. Шюц Й., Вайдерпасс Э.
Глобальное бремя злокачественных новообразований и неотложность строгого контроля рака
Международное агентство по изучению рака, 150, Альбер Тома, Лион, Франция, 69372
Число случаев злокачественных новообразований растет во всем мире, что в основном связано с увеличением продолжительности жизни. Согласно прогнозу, ежегодно регистрируемое число впервые диагностированных случаев злокачественных новообразований к 2040 году увеличится с 17,0 миллионов до 27,5 (на 61,4%). Около 40% современных видов злокачественных новообразований можно предупредить, однако первичная профилактика должна быть более строгой и структурированной. Профессиональные злокачественные новообразования составляют 3-5% их общего бремени и относятся к числу предотвратимых. В обзоре представлены обобщенные данные глобальной статистики злокачественных новообразований, успешных мер по борьбе с ними путем первичной и вторичной профилактики, а также о роли гигиены труда в снижении бремени профессиональных злокачественных новообразований. Ключевые слова: профилактика рака; борьба с злокачественными новообразованиями
Для цитирования: Шюц Й., Вайдерпасс Э. Глобальное бремя злокачественных новообразований и неотложность строгого контроля рака. Мед. труда и пром. экол. 2019; 59 (9). http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-59-9-839-840 Для корреспонденции: Шюц Й., E-mail: [email protected] Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки. Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.
Introduction. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the global cancer burden and the projected time trends of the cancer burden into the future, as well as an overview of what is known on preventable cancers and implementation of cancer control.
Methods. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the cancer research agency of the World Health Organisation (WHO), provides the most comprehensive statistics on the global cancer burden, based on data obtained from all population-based cancer registries from around the world and with estimations for countries not covered by cancer registration. With the IARC monograph program on the evaluation of human carcinogens and the IARC handbooks on cancer prevention, successful prevention measures can be identified, leading to recommendations to health-decision makers, regulators or the general public of how to reduce
the cancer risk, for example done in IARC's European Code against Cancer.
Results. It is projected that the annual number of new cancer cases raises by 61.4% from 17.0 million in 2018 to 27.5 million in 2040. In other words, over this entire time period, around 500 million people will be diagnosed with cancer leading to a high burden of premature deaths, high suffering, spiralling economic costs and a too high demand of medical staff. About 40% of cancer today was preventable if what we know about successful primary prevention and early detection of cancer would be rigorously and systematically applied. Instead prevention is scattered, under-resourced, lacks awareness and vested interests create too many barriers in strict implementation. Occupational cancers constitute about 3-5% of the total and around 10-12% of the preventable cancers, avoidable with respective worker protection
