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UDK 004.02:004.5:004.9
Kanoatova F.B., candidate of Philosophical Sciences
associate professor Karshi State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan, Karshi
GENDER EQUALITY: THE IMPORTANCE OF SUPPORTING
WOMEN IN UZBEKISTAN
Annotation: Currently, the problem of gender equality is widely accepted not only in our country, but throughout the world. Article 46 of the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan clearly states that "women and men have equal rights."
In our country, the existence of unwritten restrictions on the choice of a profession and managing a woman creates unhealthy competition in society. A study of the top ten parliaments in an index published by international organizations shows that about half of the political power is held by women.
Gender equality is not just a problem for women, it is important to take it seriously. By analyzing the difference between working men and women, men pay on average more. Women work in low paid jobs. National traditions are also important in this regard. That is, in some countries, men do not do what women do.
Well, let's start with the question "What is gender equality?"
The UN has adopted a number of international documents in this regard. In particular, the 1954 Convention on the Political Rights of Women, the Convention on the Citizenship of a Married Woman, and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women are the foundation of legal reform in the world.
In Uzbekistan, the legal framework for women's rights is well developed. First of all, article 46 of the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan states that "women and men have equal rights." [1;17]- clearly indicated. In addition, a number of laws and regulations have been enacted to protect the interests of women. Women in society and in society receive a number of advantages. Women do not do hard work, women who have children under the age of three years and children with disabilities have reduced working hours. The benefits offered by collective bargaining are in the best interests of women. Even women who committed crimes were assisted. The same punishment does not apply to men and women who have committed the same crime. Download text from the document Общественное пользование цвилизованного общества одно: politically and economically true, you need to be friendly to the point of view of the progeny of genius and ginseng.
According to reports, Uzbekistan lags behind all CIS countries in gender equality. The question is: why? If there are no barriers in the law.
As of 2014, the Constitution of 143 countries guarantees equality between men and women. Another 52 countries must do this. Despite existing legal norms, the situation with gender equality remains the same.In our country, the existence of unwritten restrictions for women in choosing a profession and management creates unhealthy competition in society. A study of the top ten parliaments in an index published by international organizations shows that women participate in about half of political governance. We have few such women.
For comparison, in Afghanistan, where the world has not been established for more than 30 years, 12% of women can read and write. There are 5 women ministers, 7 ambassadors (for example, the ambassador of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan in the United States) and a female governor of Bamyan province.
Now we are familiar with our situation, we have one deputy prime minister, one minister and three deputy ministers. It is very rare. In fact, they treat us the same way, both men and women, which is also prescribed by law, but in practice everything is different.
There are 17 million women in the country, half of whom are children, and only 1,405 of them are women. 82% of them are employed in medicine, 72% in science, education and culture and 45% in agriculture. This indicates a low percentage of women leaders. However, the number of women among the leaders of public organizations is still small. In the elections of this year, of course, 30% of the lower house of the Oliy Majlis are running for the election of politicians and initiative women. Laureate of a grant from the US Embassy to expand women's political participation in Uzbekistan. This is a practical step towards achieving gender equality.
This attitude towards women prompted them to reach a level not inferior to men in terms of their education, potential and power. About 80% of women in the country are mainly employed in two social sectors - education and health. Now it is planned to increase their number in key government posts, such as politicians, diplomats and ministers.
So what is the cause of the problem of gender equality?
Gender equality is not just a problem for women, it is important to take it seriously. Even if the law on gender equality is passed, women will be in the hands of the government, and there are those who are scared. Since the concept of gender equality has just entered our country, the UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and other international documents are clearly defined. But while we talked about women's rights, medical care or education, labor rights, guarantees and opportunities, we did not pay attention to gender conversations. Gender equality means equal rights and opportunities for men and women. Our legislation or practice does not contain a set of norms that discriminate against women, but this was not considered as a separate issue in the law. This means that there is a need for a comprehensive regulatory framework to
ensure equal rights for women and men in Uzbekistan. A similar law has now been drafted and entered into force on September 2, 2019.
The introduction of the concept of gender helps to understand what to socially differentiate and determine the roles of men and women in society. According to the Gender Concept, development activities will be carried out from the slogan "Women in Development" ("Women and Development") to the slogan "Gender and Development".
Community development does not stop there. It was previously believed that women should only do household chores and raise children. Now, no one is surprised at the wide participation of women in government affairs. For example, the wife of a man who is involved in politics joins her in various activities with her husband and unwittingly enters into politics. Women were given the opportunity to present themselves in politics, as well as to be equal to men. However, it should be recognized that in some families the idea that women are in the kitchen is not lost. Gender equality is equal rights, responsibilities, opportunities, values and results for women and men, girls and boys. Gender equality is a problem not only for women, but also for the rights and obligations of men. Because society expects both sexes to act in accordance with gender norms and standards. Equality does not mean that women and men remain the same. But their rights, duties and equality depend on whether they were born to girls or boys. Gender equality shows that the interests, needs and priorities of both women and men are taken into account.
The study also included daily housework that women do at home. However, it turned out that men carry out only 39 percent of their paid work. In some countries, including India, Portugal and Estonia, women work 50 days longer than men a year. However, there are countries where the opposite is true. For example, in Japan and the Netherlands, men work 30 minutes longer than women, even if they take household chores into account. [1;17]. What about us? We have the opposite, but no less.
According to a report by the UK Institute for Financial Research, men earn more than women. However, there are skeptics. Employers say men and women receive equal pay [1;17].It is about who will work and for how long. That is, half a century ago, men still hold leadership positions, and women work as full-time employees.
Since 2005, some progress has been made in Sri Lanka, Mali, Croatia, Macedonia and Tunisia. Iceland and Scandinavia are among the five leaders in terms of gender equality. Nicaragua is in sixth place. This is due to women's participation in politics and health gains. However, this does not apply to salaries.
By analyzing the difference between working men and women, men pay on average more. Women work in low paid jobs. National traditions are also important in this regard. That is, in some countries, men do not do what men do, but women do not.
In today's global age, it is imperative that women are adequately valued for their role. This is due to the fact that women's abilities and energy are needed to move countries to a new level. Particular attention should be paid to the history of women in power. History shows that representatives of the "sensitive sex" acted more courageously in solving problems and tasks. Analysts say that the role of women in politics is determined by the prevailing worldview. Today in our country, the role of women in politics and governance is growing. Women are widely represented in government bodies and public services. Women are often assigned the work of the ministries of education, health, culture and social welfare. Who, except women, can solve "women's problems"?
According to the study, sex workers work in fear of losing their jobs. Women work 39 days more than men a year. According to a UNICEF study, girls spend 40 percent more time than boys. It turns out that women spend 50 minutes more at work every day than men. That's why analysts say there is still gender inequality on the planet [1;17].In turn, this can lead to various diseases, spiritual and physical exhaustion.
We all know that the situation with women is catastrophic in countries where armed conflicts continue and are unstable. It is no secret that in such countries there is neither an opportunity nor an opportunity to involve women in political and economic life. Thank you for hearing this, we say that we live, work and contribute to the prosperity of our country.
A woman is a symbol of society, a symbol of love and affection. In Uzbekistan, a number of legal acts have been adopted to respect women and increase their role in society. As a result of these measures, women began to participate more actively in socio-economic reforms, in the state and society. Today, women work as male deputies, trainers, doctors, and widely enjoy privileges for entrepreneurs, their own business and property because of privileges and conditions created for women.
Government and civil society are based on the idea that gender equality is an integral part of sustainable development, the United Nations Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN Women), created to protect and promote the interests, rights and interests of women throughout the world. He assisted organizations in promoting gender equality, empowering women, and maintaining peace in the region. Since 2010, UN-Women has been supporting a number of projects and initiatives led by a gender consultant in the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Nevertheless, it should be noted that not all documents supporting women in the world are equivalent to one hadith: "Paradise is under the feet of mothers." For example, in a woman's daily life, whether she's a man on a bus, even if she's only a couple of years younger, giving her a seat, helping a woman carry a heavy load or losing her husband at work, leaving the children at the door. All this is an example of our national values of respect and honor, which have developed over the millennia. "How good are Uzbek scarves. How it suits our Uzbek clothes. This
is the image of a holy Uzbek mother. Our dear mother and sisters will never agree with such behavior in Uzbekistan, "the head of our state said to an Uzbek woman.
The adoption of the Law "On Guarantees of Equal Rights and Opportunities for Men and Women" once again confirms the growing recognition of women in our country. It outlines the concept and types of gender equality, the functions and functions of the competent authorities, the norms of gender equality in public administration, hiring or hiring, borrowing and entrepreneurship, as well as measures aimed at preventing discrimination based on sex. responsibility for committing a crime, including types of harassment and violence in the family, at work and in educational institutions, obligations of the competent authorities and measures of wareness aimed at preventing harassment and violence, as well as liability for such actions, a pre-trial and trial process of prosecution and discrimination, which includes procedural guarantees for the protection of individuals.
Gender is a social aspect of relations between women and men in all spheres of public life and activity, including politics, economics, law, ideology and culture, education and science [2; 17].
Therefore, any discrimination, exclusion or restriction on the basis of sex of any discrimination aimed at restricting or denying the rights and freedoms of men and women in all spheres of public life and activity, with the creation of objective conditions and subjective factors for the realization of such equality in our country, is not anonymous.
References:
1.Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan - T; Uzbekistan, 2018 page
2.Law of the Republic of Uzbekistanon "Equal rights and opportunities for women and men"-/// hhtlexuz
3.Report of the World Economic Forum (Global Gender Gap)https: //www.norma.uz/uz/
4. The Holy Quran.-T.: Chulpon, 1992. Page 67.
