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39
Секция 9. Технические науки
The task of soil preparation in any tillage technology can be fulfilled with many types (kinds) of working devices, tools and tractive vehicles, and in future by the direct influence of various kinds of rays: heat, sound, microwave, etc. What technology should be chosen, what way of tillage will be applied? The reply is always evident: the priority will be given to such systems and
technologies, tools or devices which will provide the maximum profit on every hectare of sown land and such a device (system, technology) will get mass application. Only in this case agriculture will be able to survive and develop.
The given situation can be diagramed in the following way (Pic. 4).
Pic. 4. Economic effect with different parameters of tillage quality, rouble/ha:
B — the grown output in terms of money (4);
C — the expenses for soil preparation in terms of money (3);
P — the profit with different parameters of tillage quality (z = 250 RUB/hwt, ß = 2, a = 100 (4)).
Thus, the following conclusion can be drawn: the abstract model of tillage quality allows to determine that there is always the optimum rate of soil tillage quality. The value of the tillage quality depends on harvest prices and expenses needed for soil preparation.
References:
1. Blednykh V. V., Svechnikov P. G. 2014. Theoretical foundations oftillage, tillage tools and aggregates. Chelyabinsk, CSAA, Print.
Juraev Fazliddin Urinovich, Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Melioration, Bukhara branch, doctor of philosophy technics, professor of department,
the Faculty of Melioration E-mail: ushr@rambler.ru Ubaydullayeva Shaxnoz Raximdjanovna, Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Melioration, Bukhara branch, doctor of philosophy technics, the Faculty of Melioration
E-mail: ushr@rambler.ru
Filtration soil in the one-dimensional motion of the fluid and the potential energy in the mole drainage
Abstract: Nowadays loosing layers ofsoil and making drainage peep-hole becoming important and actual problems in the agriculture of Uzbekistan. Because drainage-peep hole machines in soil layers and their scientific variants for local conditions were not come up with. Soil layers especially in high salty lands and creating mathematical models of throwing sub-soil water.
Keywords: Soil, drainage, saline lands, filtering soils, potential energy.
In one size trend the pressure is P potential coordinate. The procedure of 2 part seeping liquid
function p (if it has) is the function of only one submits in the law of seeping lesson. This procedure
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Section 9. Technical sciences
simplified differential equation of action, in other Imagine, porous or full crack condition, changeable
words it makes possibility to express it. flowing pipe is given, its (flowing pipe) diagonal cut is D
(6)
Using the law of the lesson speed module of seeping mass should be written as following
о dM . kp d P . d P / ч
p$ =— signM =--------— • sign—. (2)
dF ß dl dl
d P
In this s % g n M ва s % g n — formulations (2)
dl
determine the equation sign. Mathematic signum formulation is written as following.
+1 x > 0
signx= <
kp
d P
0 x = 0 -1 x < 0 dM
dF
-dl
(3)
This (3) formulation can be used for none compressed or less compressed liquids. For compressed liquid compactness p and absolute stickiness pressure is changed in P. Changeable coefficient of the condition k or pressure with elastic feature of the condition depends on P. So in general pressure as length of the tend is
changeable and it will be formulate with kP pressure
function
ф=\—dP + C = f—dl + C1 (4)
^ dF
In this ф - potential function; С and С 1 — constant integral, (4) in formulation Р pressure express the connection between line l coordinate. Using above (3) formulation (4) we should write as following.
dp = —d P (5)
И
Using founded formulas we write as following (5).
With potential function for one size trend this equation can express seeping law equation in free liquid. So, it can be learnt potential action of liquid in porous and crack condition on base of (6). So it can be conclude seeping mass speed is equal with gradient of potential function. These relations express general law of liquid mixture in potential action. We can count income flowing water mass if we equalize right
If we equalize (1) and (3) formulas’ right sides given above and integrate the equation, so we can count mass of the flown water
M=jAf (7)
‘i di
In this ^- surface flowing liquid. It is known from researches above, we should know for counting potential action of liquid <p(p) (6) and connection between P.
This connection in isometric procedure expresses the equation of liquid gas or their mixture in layer. This connection determined with the help of experiment. Determining liquid density, stickiness, conductness pressure of liquid P is considered the main problem. For that we can imagine condition of equation.
p( ) (p)
= C(P)
(8)
Mp)
In this Z (Р) under integral function.
If liquid is one phase and conductness layer is one type, k multiple will be constant p (number) will be unchangeable. We can write dynamic balance or action equation of Eyler as following
1 dp _ d3x p dx dt
1 dp _ d&y p dx dt
Px _-
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Секция 9. Технические науки
9z _
1 dp _ d3z р dx dt
Фх = py = 0 and pz = -g We can bring following formula considering law, soil mass unit, speed cinematic energy and tensions.
( d 2%
dA
dt
dS
=-----— + v
dt
d3z
dt
1 dp p dx
1 dp P 3y 1 dp p dx
vdx2
( d2S
- =---—+ v
df 3% df dz2
d2S d23
= -g---r- + v
dx2
( d
dy2
d2S
dz2
dx2 dy2
df dz2
We can learn permanent and nonpermanent actions in a condition with the help of limiting task. For learning constant action in porous condition the equation solution will be fair if we consider law of the lesson. E.N Jukovski use ideal liquid action equation for solving general deferential equation for ideal liquid. Eyler equation for ideal liquid.
dd n dd n dd dd v 1 дР ;
= u —*■ + d —^ + dZ—^ ^ = X----
* dx y dy dz dt p dx
^ 33 33 33 33 1 дР / s
—^ =3 + 3^ + 3,^- + ^ = Y —, (9)
dt x dx y dy dz dt p dy
d3 „ 83, „ 83, „ 83, 83 _ 1 дР.
dd
__x_
dt
d3
- = 3x^ + 3
д x y
- + 3,
+
= Z------•
p dz
dt d x r dy d x dt
In this 3X, 3Y, 3Z — liquid speck speed vector, arrow protection; X, Y, Z- are volumetric mean effect liquid mass, it is divided in 2 parts for seeping trend.
X = X J + X 2;
Y = Y + Y2 , Z = Z1 + Z2.
X j ,Yj, Zl - arrow proection of out size means- x, y, z X2,Y2,Z2 - arrow projection of size contrary means connected with liquid peep. Imagine 3X, 3Y, 3Z -arrow proection of seeping, speed vector trend and if m-porous layers is unchangeable, we can take following equation.
1df m dt —33r_ m dt
1
m dt
-f f
dx
-—I 3.
— I 3.
m
df
dx
df
dx
df
' dy
, f
r dy
3
' dy
-3,
df dz ^ df
dz
d3
dz
= --— + X, + X2; p dx
= -——+r+r2
p dy ,
(10)
=-! дР+zt
p dz
Z
In general seeping speed is very small and we can throw the left side (10).
д Р
— -pX!-pX2 = 0 ;
д x
д Р
— -pZ 1 -pZ 2 = 0.
д z
Size means X2, Y2, Z2 and doing lesson law, if we take into consideration seeping speed right and against proportional concern the following equation.
PY2 =-M 3y K
7 _ M Q
pZ2 к
(11)
In this k-conductivity of porous condition; m-absolute stickiness of liquid. So we can express following equation liquid action of moist water in porous condition
«,=-K |Z-pXi
^\dx
*,=-K И
дР
f-PYi
,дг
(12)
Q K fdP 7
A =---\f-PZ i
yi\dz
Imagine if size means consist of weight means, so it can be following
(Х=0; У=0; Z= -g)
9, =-K tP;
^ dx
9 =-K дР;
y F dy
(13)
3Z =-Kf — + y] , Y = pg. ц\ dz )
Imagine if weight means consis of potential means, so it is equal
F = -gradU (14)
In this F = X1 i + Y1 j+Z1 k
X =-
dU; dx ’
Y =-
dU; dy ’
Z =-
dU
dz
If it canbe general conductivity, sticknes and pressure density function, so it can
K = K(p) ^ = ^(p), p=p(p) . We can write
differential equation taking into consideration (10) and (14) given above as following.
p9=_ K(p)p(p) BP + K(P)p-(P)dU ‘ P(P) dx /u(p) dx
b9 =- K(p)p(p) SP + K(P)p-(P) dU
’ p(p) 9y p(p) 9y _
9 ГK(P)P(P) dP + K(P)p-(P)dU
2 n(P) dz /л(Р) dz
In this equitation we enter following
Q=w> s ff dp, Р--Ф )-J dp.
J pip) p(p)
If we use this function in (14) equitation, it will be as following
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Section 9. Technical sciences
р»х =Jdt-eddU
dx dx
p» =-^-9™ (15)
y dy dy
p»Z = -^-е™
dz dz
Truly we write (14) integral in the following differential form.
К (p )p(p ) dp.
MP)
If we use full differential peculiarities, so it will be
, 5m , dm , dm , dm ,
am =—dx +----dy +---dz +---dt =
dx dy dz dt
K(P)S (p )
м(Р)
dP , dP , dP , dP ,
—dx +--dy +-dz +-dt
dx dy dz dt
From these expression (15), we can solve private property differential equitation.
Keeping mass law for seeping trend. Keeping mass and weight law for seeping trend is written as [2]
G -G2 =^J mpdV (16)
dt (V)
Formula will be as following
G (S ,t)-G (S + dS,t ) = d(mpP f (S )dS
dt
or
G (S ,t )-d(mp)
dG
G (S,t) + —dS v ’ dS
= -™dS = dS
dt
f (S )dS -™ JimEl f (S)
w dS dt v ’
That’s to say we come to simple constantly equation. If porous m depends on time, so
-™ = m A f (s )
dS dtJy
(17)
Constant equation in coordinate formula will be as following
d(y3x) d{y&y) d(y3z)
dx
dy
dz
d(pm)
dt
In this &x, ,&z -arrow projection of speed vector y, x, z will be equal in Y = p g. If we think sub soil water flows plainly, radically in the side of drainage-peep (crack), seeping moist water’s private property differential equation will be written as following
f я2
5>4 1 v
dr2 r dy2
dp
dt
(18)
In this x0 =
К 0
4^ßT
We can write (18) equation as following.
1 d f dp4
dy
dt
(19)
r dr ^ dr
Action differential equations for nonpermanent seeping trend were recommended by G.I Berenblatt, U. P. Jeltov and I. N. Konchina [2-3]. We look through the solving when well stop working. Imagine moist water filled crack by seeping on the side of crack and water distribute stationary pressure function till water stop flowing (for difermotianal layers)
9 =1 -ß(P -P)), in this
In this Q =
9*(r ,0) = p04 2/uQ ß
Q ln—,
(20)
пвК0
Pressure spreading procedure is studied in two phase for solving matter. First phase moist water does not reach border of the crack. Second phase moist is the same with contour radius of crack. In the firs phase pressure spreading procedure in the border will be as following f дф4Л
r -
^ dr
r\ 4(p3
dr
-O, or
-i (t)
= 0
(21)
'=! (t)
If drainage -peep stops working, in this we can put following requirement in its wall
дф4Л
dr
= 0
Solving matter is given in first part of this chapter private property differential equation should be contended.
дф
dt
Xt
1 d f дф
4 \
r dr I dr
(22)
If we do simple matters by using integral relations, the solution will be as following
Ф* — ф'С =—Q + Q ln
\65yj
xT t
(23)
After simple changing (23) we take following expression
< =< - A + в lg t,
In this
= [1 - ß ( - Pc ); < = 1 ( = P = P) (24) A = 2,3 Q lg-T= - 0,470.; в = 1,15 О (25)
Xr
Its graphic expresses line (lg t=0; t=1) crossing ordinate line.
A = 2,30 lg -;L= - 0,47
(26)
r
k
T
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Секция 9. Технические науки
This line is made by lg t corner tangent will be following:
2,3 VQß (27)
tga-1,150 = -
явКТ
If tg a answer is known, K0 may be found 2,3 ^Qß
k; =-
netga
(28)
It is to say that, equation given above should be solved with other way. So that we can look through solving plain matter of subsoil water trends in other works. After
deserving farms fields in vegetation watered period, it determined that water dynamic was reached from 25-45 to 60-100 sm opening drainage-peep in some places in spring before salty washing period will bring lessening sub-soil waters and ripen crop fields in time. So it lessnes salt in soil content and it brings high harvesting of agricultural crops. On base on general information given from field researches and dynamic degree of subsoil water and wetness of soil we can come on conclusion that it is very important growing crops before agro technique time and do planting works in time.
References:
1. Жураев Ф. У Экспериментальное обоснование некоторых мелиоративных машин в условиях орошаемого земледелия//Вестник. Белорусской государственной сельскохозяйственной академии. - 2010. -№ 4.
2. Филин А. П. Прикладная механики твердого деформируемого тела. - М., «Наука», 1975 г.
3. Мироненко В. А. Динамика подземных вод. - М.,1983.
4. Жураев Ф. У Математическое моделирование напряженно-концентрационного состояния почвы. Наука и мир. Международный научный журнал, г. Волгоград, № 1 (5), 2014.
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