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FEATURES OF TRANSLATING TERMS OF SURGERY Tursunov E.U. Email: Tursunov17145@scientifictext.ru
Tursunov Elmurod Uzokovich - Teacher, DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH THEORETICAL DISCIPLINES, UZBEK STATE WORLD LANGUAGES UNIVERSITY, TASHKENT, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: the aim of article is to discuss and illustrate special medical terminology within surgery terms and their translation. Following the aspect, it covers common features on the special translation comprising: target audience, problems with matching equivalents, hospital jargon and also stylistic devices as the terms of surgery. Coming to stylistic devices -eponymy, euphemism, metaphor - they are applied not only in literary work but also in medical field too. Therefore it is crucial issue for translators to have ample knowledge and idea on surgery; medical background information and acquainting with medical lexicography. The paper constitutes supported examples as well as sample situation on the provided theme. The readers can get enough data and opinion on the topic by means of article through provided points.
Keywords: medical translation, translator, feature, surgery terms, special terminology, procedure, passage, medical jargons, equivalent.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПЕРЕВОДА ХИРУРГИЧЕСКИХ ТЕРМИНОВ
Турсунов Э.У.
Турсунов Элмурод Узокович - преподаватель, кафедра английских теоретических дисциплин, Узбекский государственный университет мировых языков, г. Ташкент, Республика Узбекистан
Аннотация: цель данной статьи рассмотреть и показать специальную медицинскую терминологию в рамках хирургии и ее переводы. Следуя теме, она вбирает в себя общие особенности специального перевода: целевая аудитория, проблемы с эквивалентами, больничный жаргон, а также стилистические приёмы в хирургических терминах. Касаясь темы стилистических приёмов, таких как эпонимия, эвфемизм, метафора - они применимы не только в художественной литературе, но и в области медицины тоже. Поэтому считается важным вопросом для переводчиков иметь обширные знания и понятие о хирургии; медицинское образование и ознакомление с медицинской лексикографией. Исследование основывается на вспомогательных примерах, в дополнение даны примеры ситуаций по данной теме. Читатели могут получить необходимые данные и мнение по теме посредством приведённых в статье заключений.
Ключевые слова: медицинский перевод, переводчик, особенность, хирургические термины, специальная терминология, процедура, прохождение, медицинский жаргон, эквивалент.
УДК 34 7.78.034
Medical translation terminology, mostly surgery terms are to be tricky, and demand a specialized language composition of cohesion and coherence, translating competence as well.
Medical translation is training of interpreting various documents and terms - practice materials, medical bulletins, drug data sheets and word usage within them - for health care, medical gadgets, adverting for clinical purposes. Majority countries, organizations and companies address translating manuals and labeling for medical devices or the process of procedure into their native language. Documents for clinical trials often require translating for clinicians and patients and regulatory representatives.
There existed various branches of medicine: Therapy, Gynecology, Neurology, Cardiology, Surgery and so on.
The translator on surgery has two main matter faces up every day: medical knowledge and special terminology. Surgery terminology indicates problems which are different from other classified domains. In addition, it is essential to address to the medical lexicography.
Firstly, translator must identify the target audience. The target audience will determine if the passage is translated into layperson terms or medical terms. For example: Antegrade - amneziya, Bifurcation - tengikkigabolish, kesish, Embolus - tromb, Biliary - safro, Concomitant - qo sh, birgalikda, Hydatid - kist, Cutaneous - teri, Axiliary - qo ltiq osti, Cirrohosis - jigar sirrozi,
Maxillary - yuqori jag\ Peritoneal (the cavity) - qorin bo'shlig'I, Sebaceous - yog\ The terms are interpreted according to the competence of audience ( Shveyser,1988 ).
The next feature translator have to draw attention is target culture equivalent. Mostly is occurs as a result of less experience. This, however, would not be helpful. Text claims to tool names used during surgery procedures are known in the source language which is likely to be in the daily life (Aznaurova E.S. 1989). For example: Ossification - ossification , Perfusion - perfuzin, Adenoma- adenoma, jinsiybez, Arrhythmia - aritmiya, Fistula - fistula (teri yoki boshqa ho'ppozlangan a'zoga kasallikning yuqishi), Abscess - abscess (yiringlash) and so on.
Another distinguishing feature to control is if to translate British or American English or to adopt British or American medial terms. This is very vital debate that doctors would still understand but not knowing the difference real meaning and its compromising on term. Sometimes, spelling can be identical but meaning is not so (Shveyser. 1988). For example: "Surgery" is a place where you can get cut open in the US, however, also a doctor's private office or working place or their working and opening hours in UK. "Hernia" is the push or hurt place on the body in UK, while it is illness among male gender in US.
Another feature to take into consideration is terminology related problems such as hospital jargon. For example: inpatient or outpatient, the helpful hand or gifted hands, to see inside, to use knife and ax and etc. To resolve this problem, enough background knowledge and transferable skills are on demand (World Health Organization online page. 2017).
More precisely, not only terms but also part of the words - affixes can also refer to the meaning of whole term or the part of speech. Cause, each suffixes and prefixes have their connotative meanings. Being acquainted with the comprehension of the affixes may lead to the clear understanding of each term. Here is shown examples in the table below:
Table 1. Examples
Prefixes Suffixes
A-/An- not, without, less- teskari, qarshi Ad- to, toward - nisbatan Aer- air - havoorqali Amb- both- har ikkisi Auto- self- oz'-o'zidan Bi- twice- ikkita Cata - down, back- tashqari, ortida Ceptal- the hear, boshgaoid Con- together, birga Cyto- cell, hujayragaoid Derma- skin- terigaoid Di - two, twice, ikkita Dys - bad, abnormal, yomon, teskari Endo- in, within, ichki Gastro- stomach, oshqozonga oid -aceous- resembling, oxshash -aemia- blood, qongaoid -aethesia - sensation, ta'siretish -cardial - heart, yurakkaoid -cide - causing death, halokatli -dynia - pain, og'riqli -ectomy - surgery excision, j ahhorliko' tkazilayotkanqism -genic - the capacity to produce, moyillik -gogue - to make flow, oqibketish -itis - inflammation, yanllig'lanish - lasis - pathological state, kasallikholati -megaly- anormal enlargement, shish
Therefore, being familiar with such kind of issues will go a long way in defining the right special terminology. Any type of translation has its own difficulties, obstacles, in spite of such kind of drawbacks medical especially surgery terminology is plenty rewarding.
References / Список литературы
1. Азнаурова Э.С., АбдурахмановаХ.И. Теории практика перевода. Т.: Укдгувчи, 1989.
2. Bartolucci S., Stedman T., Forbis P.: Stedman's medical eponyms. Baltimore. Md.: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005.
3. Dorland Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary, 2011.
4. World Health Organization online page. [Электронный ресурс]. Режим доступа: http://www.who.int. 2017/ (дата обращения: 21.11.2019).
5. ШвейцерА.Д. Теория перевода: статус, проблемы, аспекты. М.: Наука, 1988.
