11Academic Research in Educational Sciences VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 11 | 2021
ISSN: 2181-1385
Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF) 2021: 5.723 Directory Indexing of International Research Journals-CiteFactor 2020-21: 0.89
DOI: 10.24412/2181-1385-2021-11-327-330
FEATURES OF BORROWING PROCESS IN PROFESSIONALLY TERMINATED VOCABULARY
Dilnoza Ismoilovna Abduvalieva
Assistant of Jizzakh State Pedagogical Institute, The Department of Exact and
Natural Sciences, Jizzakh region dilnoza_noza8 5 @mail .ru
ABSTRACT
This article deals with the study and learning certain features of loan words in lexical system of terminology and compares the reasons of borrowings.
Keywords: borrowing, loan words, professionally terminated vocabulary, technical translators
INTRODUCTION
In the context of globalization, cooperation at the international level, joint events and projects come to the fore, therefore, in the modern world, the use of English as the main international language in various professional fields: engineering, cultural, political. Studies conducted within the framework of terminological systems have long been studied in isolation from the specific oral speech environment, the act of speech, the process of expression, in a word, any text. As a result, this approach raises the problem of defining the boundaries of the terminological field of uncertainty in the use of terms related to different scientific fields.
LITERATURE REVIEW AND METHODOLOGY
It is well known that translation is the expression of information spoken in one language through another language. It is not the words expressed in the text, but their meaning, more precisely, the thoughts that are translated. The translation process requires basic aspects that need to be followed and taken into account, including the qualities of the literary norm, i.e., accuracy, correctness, language, and conformity to the author's expression.
At present, the problem of translating texts in the construction sector is relevant in connection with the increasing volumes of translations and the difficulties arising during translation that technical translators working in various foreign companies and firms have to face. The study of the specifics of the source text is extremely
Academic Research in Educational Sciences VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 11 | 2021
ISSN: 2181-1385
Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF) 2021: 5.723 Directory Indexing of International Research Journals-CiteFactor 2020-21: 0.89
DOI: 10.24412/2181-1385-2021-11-327-330
necessary, since without taking it into account, an adequate translation of a number of sources is simply impossible. The quality and result of the translation are determined by the peculiarities of the source text; therefore, the relationship between text and translation is one of the main problems of translation theory, which is justifiably addressed by many translation researchers dealing with its special aspects.
The difficulties that arise when translating technical texts are as follows: firstly, to translate texts it is necessary to master a huge amount of vocabulary, and secondly, the language of technical texts is very different from the spoken and literary language. Among all translations, one of the most difficult translations is the translation of documents from the field of construction from English into Russian.
The differentiation of the main types or types of lexical meanings of words helps to establish their corresponding semantic characteristics and contributes to the correct transmission of one or another meaning. It follows that the translator must have a large vocabulary, know the types of lexical meanings and polysemy terms. We believe that it is precisely the knowledge of the lexical meanings of words in the Russian and English languages that will contribute to the development of practical skills in their translation.
When translating scientific and technical texts, special attention should be paid to the terms, since they carry the main content, structure and encode special information. Therefore, when translating terms, the most acute question arises about the possibility of achieving maximum equivalence.
E.V. Kaminskaya also notes that in the scientific and technical literature, terms are quite frequent and play an important semantic role [4]. In addition, they, like ordinary words, can be polysemantic, so you need to pay great attention to the context.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
We find confirmation that one of the main difficulties in translating a term is its polysemy in the works of Ye.N.Basalina. By polysemy, we mean the possibility that one term can belong to different terminological systems, in accordance with changing its meaning.
In addition, Ye.N.Basalina believes that the main specificity of the translation of terms lies in the fact that the most important condition for achieving equivalence is the preservation of the content accuracy of the units of the original language in the translation, ensuring the absolute identity of the concepts expressed in terms of the
Academic Research in Educational Sciences VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 11 | 2021
ISSN: 2181-1385
Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF) 2021: 5.723 Directory Indexing of International Research Journals-CiteFactor 2020-21: 0.89
DOI: 10.24412/2181-1385-2021-11-327-330
original language and the target language. In other words, if the terms of both languages encode the concept of the corresponding scientific field, and the identity of the sender and receiver codes is an elementary condition for successful communication, then it is precisely the provision of the identity of the concepts signified by the terms that is the most important task of translating a special text.
Revealing discrepancies in the system of concepts expressed by the terms of the original language and the target language is an important step towards the inter language harmonization of terminological systems, which provides a solution to the problems of translation of terms. In cases where semantic discrepancies need to be emphasized during translation, it is possible to use additional clarifying linguistic means, such as comments [1].
CONCLUSION
Speaking about the semantic discrepancies of the two languages, it is worth mentioning that terminological translation is not only a way of exchanging scientific information, but also a part of linguocultural communication, in which the translator plays the role of an intermediary in the exchange of cultural and scientific heritage of different peoples. Therefore, a deep understanding of the linguoculture and socioculture of the original language is a prerequisite for achieving an effective translation result [5]. The lexicological discrepancy between the volumes of the concepts of the Anglo-Russian terminology as a reflection of cultural and cognitive dissonance in the practice of denoting events, states of affairs, phenomena, etc., will rightly be called a systemic dissonance [2].
S.V. Grinev-Grinevich in his article "On the terminological aspects of scientific and technical translation" distinguishes two main situations that arise when translating terms:
1) when there are equivalents of the original term in the target language, fixed in dictionaries;
2) when there are no such equivalents [3].
The situation when there are unambiguous and officially fixed equivalents of the translation unit in the target language, obviously, does not cause certain problems in translation. Whereas in the second situation, due to the lack of a generally accepted equivalent, certain difficulties arise.
Academic Research in Educational Sciences VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 11 | 2021
ISSN: 2181-1385
Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF) 2021: 5.723 Directory Indexing of International Research Journals-CiteFactor 2020-21: 0.89
DOI: 10.24412/2181-1385-2021-11-327-330
REFERENCES
1. Базалина Е.Н. К проблеме перевода терминов научно-технических текстов. //Языкознание и литературоведение 2009. 3-4
2. Власенко С.В. Преодолимы ли засады межъязыкового перекодирования? Долгая жизнь «ложных друзей» переводчика: эмпирические наблюдения //Теоретические и экспериментальные исследования
3. Гринев-Гриневич С.В. Терминоведение. Учебное пособие. - М.: Академия, 2008. - 304 с. - (Высшее профессиональное образование) — ISBN 978-5-76954951-9.
4. Е.В.Каминская. Некоторые особенности перевода в сфере профессиональной коммуникации
5. Стежко, Ю.Г. Лингвокультурный и социокультурный аспекты проблемы перевода терминов / Ю.Г. Стежко // Молодой учёный
