CC BY
10BecmnuK Maeucmpamypu. 2020. № 5-3 (104)
ISSN 2223-4047
UDC 378
S.T. Mirzaeva
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE FORMATION OF SELF-ESTEEM IN PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
This article discusses the factors influencing the formation of self-esteem in primary school students.
Key words: student, self-assessment, factor, primary education, upbringing.
Primary school age includes primary school students who are prepared for school education in kindergarten. At the same time, he gets acquainted with the various requirements for students at school, is biologically and psychologically ready to learn the basics of science.
Although the period of primary school age is not a period of decisive changes in the development of the individual (in our opinion, such a period is adolescence, however, it is during this period that the formation of personality develops. It is influenced by a number of factors, for example:
The social environment is a world in which a person acts on the basis of specific goals and plans. In essence, the relationship of each person with this social world is reflected in his actions within the framework of human experience, culture and accepted norms of social behavior. Today, a generation of pedagogical and psychological scientists seeks to understand the essence of man, the laws of his development and perfection in this system of person-society relations. They have dedicated their most brilliant works to revealing the philosophical and social mysteries of interdependence. What all views have in common is that in order to understand a person, his essence, it is first necessary to know his place and position in this society. Therefore, the primary criterion for the study of man should be determined by his social status, his place in the system of social relations.
However, it should be noted that the external environment, others and their attitudes that surround the same person also play a big role in the positive or negative image of "I". A person looks at others and imagines that he sees himself in the mirror. This process is called reflection in psychology. Its essence is to form and revive the image of oneself through the image of people like him. Reflection "Msn" is a process that affects the mind of the owner of the image.
On the basis of the image of "I" also a person forms a system of self-assessment, which can also vary according to the image.
Self-esteem may vary depending on different qualities and the person's experience, and the achievements underlying that experience. YA, if one work increases on the basis of success, under the influence of another - on the contrary, may decrease. Although this assessment actually depends on the individual's real relationships with others, in fact it is formed in accordance with the criteria in the system of the person's consciousness, that is, how much he himself subjectively values these relationships. For example, if at school a positive attitude of one subject teacher towards a child, constant praise increases his self-esteem, the negative attitude of another teacher may not lower this assessment. That is, this assessment depends more on the individual, which is subjective.
Self-assessment can be not only close to the truth (adequate), accurate, but also very low or high.
Low self-esteem is often the result of excessive demands on others, inability to meet them, constant protests, failures in work, study and behavior. may be formed. Such a teenager or adult is characterized by a constant state of depression, a tendency to walk away from others, a feeling of insecurity about their strengths and abilities, and the gradual emergence of a number of negative qualities and behaviors in the person. leads to Even such a situation can lead to suicidal behavior, ie suicide, the psychology of trying to "escape" from reality.
Even high self-esteem does not have a positive effect on a person's behavior. Because it is also formed due to the artificial exaggeration of personal achievements or qualities in others, inappropriate praise, the desire to avoid various difficulties. The psychological state that arises in such a situation is called the "inadequacy effect", as a result of which a person, even when he is defeated or feels helpless, ignorant, considers the cause of it in others, and therefore, it convinces itself (for example, excuses such as "interfered", "when there is no such and such" increase). That is, in any case, the culprit is not himself, but those around him, the circumstances, the fate. Gradually, people began to talk about them with such qualities as "broken leg", "arrogant", "smoky". So, self-assessment should be realistic, adequate.
Realistic assessment is the product of reasonable and reasonable assessments of those around him -parents, close relatives, teachers and educators, neighbors and relatives, a real sincere relationship, which the
© Mirzaeva S.T., 2020.
ISSN 2223-4047
BecmnuK Maeucmpamypu. 2020. № 5-3 (104)
person receives from an early age. will be trained to correct in time. In this case, the role of the group of people - the reference - the group, which is a benchmark for the individual, is great. Because we don't listen to everyone's opinions and evaluations in our daily lives, there are people for us whose even simple reprimands, advice, and even compliments are of great importance. Such a reference group can be real (for example, parents, teacher, teacher, close friends), or unreal, imaginary (book heroes, favorite actors, ideal). Therefore, in the upbringing of young people or in the real community, if it is necessary to exert appropriate influence or pressure on people, it is of great educational importance to determine their benchmark, reference group.
The teacher uses the word to evoke in the student such feelings as alertness or fear, joy or sadness, self-confidence or lack of confidence, curiosity or boredom, trust or fear of others, the tendency of which is especially dependent on the younger age. noticeable. Children are very impressionable at the age of 7-10 years, so when working with them there is no need to invent special ways to increase the power of speech. During this period, the respect of primary school teachers is so high that students perceive his every word, defense or reprimand as a clear truth.
A teacher who understands the purpose of pedagogical influence, implements it by both persuasion and persuasion methods. In many cases, pre-arranged speech is addressed to the student with words such as "I'm smart", "Very good", kind, inspiring look, initiative, tone of voice, and finally the teacher's appearance: his conciseness, Refreshment, confidence in the future, high spirits with the individual student and the whole group. Such an attitude to the student, in turn, has a positive effect on the formation of self-confidence and adequate self-esteem.
MIRZAEVA SAIDAKHON TOKHIROVNA - teacher of Uychi district 1 general secondary school, Namangan region, Uzbekistan.
