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6. Шокотько М.А. Основные проблемы определения правового режима имущества находящегося в муниципальной собственности // Административное и
7. О некоторых проблемах правового регулирования и правоприменительной практике реализации имущественных отношений в соответствии с полномочиями органов местного самоуправления.
УДК 33
Тимченко В.С. Официальный сайт Сообщество финансистов России. Финансисты муниципальных образований. Ы!р:/Мг. krd.ru/www/sfr. nsf/webdocs/ 8. Шокотько М.А. Основные проблемы определения правового режима имущества находящегося в муниципальной собственности // Административное и муниципальное право, 200
Kyureghyan Arpine Mekhak:
NAS RA Economist at the Institute of Economics after Kotanyan
FACTOR ANALYSIS CONTRIBUTING TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT ABROAD AND ITS APPLICATION CAPABILITIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
факторный анализ, способствующий развитию бизнес-среды за рубежом
И ЕЕ ПРИКЛАДНЫХ ВОЗМОЖНОСТЕЙ В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ АРМЕНИЯ:
Summary: Despite positive changes in the Republic of Armenia, there are still many problems that hinder the development of the business environment. Among them, one can underline the issues related to construction permit issuance, cross-border trade, loans, contracts, investors' interests, which are also conditioned by corruption risks, shadow economy, tax administration and political stance.
Резюме: Несмотря на позитивные изменения в Республике Армения, по-прежнему существует много проблем, которые препятствуют развитию бизнес-среды. Среди них можно выделить вопросы, связанные с выдачей разрешений на строительство, трансграничной торговлей, кредитами, контрактами, интересами инвесторов, которые также обусловлены коррупционными рисками, теневой экономикой, налоговым администрированием и политической позицией.
Key words. business environment, rating assessment, property registration, investor protection, tax payments, access to credit, corruption risk
Ключевые слова: бизнес-среда, рейтинговая оценка, регистрация собственности, защита инвесторов, налоговые платежи, доступ к кредитам, коррупционный риск
There are different definitions of the concept of "business environment", the content of which seems to coincide1:
For example, according to Phil Kelly's business environment is the whole of all the conditions and events that surround and affect the latter 2:
According to another definition, the business environment is an integral part of economic, social, political or institutional conditions for effective economic policy implementation3:
In order to present the business environment in Armenia and the challenges that hinders it, it is necessary to address the ratings of Armenia in international authoritative research aimed at creating a favorable business environment and increasing the transparency of the regulatory environment.
The World Bank and the International Finance Corporation publish the Doing Business Annual Reports. The report contains a summary of dozens of business performance indicators in 190 countries around the world that relate to the development of small and medium-sized businesses, business environment and business rules. As a major factor influencing the
business environment, you can consider the main indicators of Doing Business's business development that define the degree of ease of doing business in a country4.
• Property registration,
• Starting business startup conditions;
• investor protection,
• construction permit issuance;
• tax payments,
• Access to credits,
• electrical connection;
• Use of contracts,
• Settlement of insolvency issues;
• ease of driving international trade;
Summary of the 10 submitted procedures is a business assessment of the country's business environment, which also creates opportunities and prerequisites for attracting foreign investors, implementing new investment programs and ensuring sustainable economic growth.5:
1 Дергунов А. Системный подход развитию национальной инновационной цреды. Инновации N3.2008 53-56 с.
2 Phil Kelly and Ashwin "The Business Environment", 2013, pp.78-81.
3 Fernando A.C. "Business Environment " ,Pearson Educa-
tion,2011, pp. 33-36
4 http://www.doingbusiness.org
5 Djankov S., Freund C.,Cong S. Pham. Trading on Time// Review of Economics and Statistics.-2010. -N92(1) -p. 116173
8 Wschodnioeuropejskie Czasopismo Naukowe (East European Scientific Journal) #4(44), 2019 SMI
Table 1
Armenia's Indicators for Doing Buainess Reports 2008-2017
Indicators: 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Business Starting Terms: 84.77 84.97 90.4 94.3 94.8 94.86 97.5 97.8 72.2 73.6
Property registration 92.95 93.17 93.3 92.8 92.9 92.96 93 93 87.3 87.4
Tax payments: 40.53 40.62 40.6 40.6 53.6 71.42 74.5 82.1 72.5 72.5
Construction Permits: 59.7 63.92 65.3 64.7 74 73.7 73.6 73.8 69.9 70
Access to loans: 68.75 68.75 68.8 68.8 75 75 65 65 65 75
Ease of International Trade: 61.36 56.81 56 64 63.9 64.68 64.5 68.8 86.5 86.5
Electrical connection 49.5 49.3 49.4 55.98 64 64 70 73.2
Investor protection 50 50 50 50 50 63.33 60 60 60 60
Application of treaties: 58.2 59.24 59.2 59.2 51.5 51.45 53.3 53.3 67.9 69.7
Settlement of insolvency issues - - - - - - - - 46.4 46.1
In Armenia, according to the World Bank and initiating a business startup in the Republic of Armenia, International Corporation report 2012-2017, the tax property registration, tax payments, construction payment process has become easier, as a result of the permits, accessibility of loans, ease of international introduction of a single income tax, which includes the trade, investor protection and contractual procedures social payments of employers and employees and the affect the business environment (see Table 1). income tax paid by individuals. Procedures for
Table 2.
The Republic of Armenia and the various countries are included in the rating list of the "Doing Business"
report for 2016-2017 7
Countries 2016 2017 Rise / fall
Estonia 11 12 1+
Latvia 17 14 3
Georgia 23 16 7
21 21 0
Lithuania 51 35 16
50 37 13
Kazakhstan 43 38 5
36 40 44
Belarus 47 44 3
61 65 44
Armenia 73 75 24
82 87 54
Russia 130 128 2
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Particularly, the 2008-2017 tax payments, property registration and ease of international trade have had a more significant impact on the results of the implementation report.
Referring to the 2017 Doing Business ranking, it turns out that Armenia has taken the 38th place among 190 countries with ease of doing business, improving its position by 5th place compared to last year. Belarus occupies the 37th place with 13 th place in comparison with last year, Russia has occupied the 40th place, having reduced its position by 4th place compared to last year, and Kazakhstan's position on "Business" has improved its position in the 2017 rankings 16th place, occupying the 35th place. Kyrgyzstan is in the 75th place (Table 2).Three of the indicators of the RA have
made progress, 3 - backwards, and 4 positions remained unchanged.
Only 3 points were registered in the Republic of Armenia with "Construction Permits" and "Settlement of Insolvency" by 81 and 78 respectively. The regress of the "investor protection" index was 53 points, which can be a serious problem for further development of the country, as the investor sees the recession, calculating its risk, does not want to invest in the country in the future, that is, the decline in this index will lead to the reduction of investment flows. The country's position remained unchanged in terms of "Starting Business Startups", "Property Registration", "Tax Payments" and "Ease of Driving International Trade", which occupy the 9th, 13th, 88th and 48th respectively Armenia improved its positions by 22 points at the
6 Z^Jp t phqnLÜ^kL «^npimpmnL pj miJp qpmq^tlB m2 ^mphni J » qt^ni j g^ m^j mL htpp 2008-2017pp, http://www.doingbusiness.org/data
7 http://www.doingbusiness.org/data
Ш9 Wschodnioeuropejskie Czasopismo Naukowe (East European Scientific Journal) #4(44), 2019 9
same time with the "affordability of credits", occupying the 20th place. Progress in the "Electrical connection" indicator made up 9 points - 76th, and "Contract application" - 7 points, making the 28th place, which indicates the improvements to the business environment.
References
1. Дергунов А. Системный подход развитию национальной инновационной цреды. Инновации N3.2008 53-56 с.
2. Phil Kelly and Ashwin "The Business Environment", 2013, pp.78-81.
3. Fernando A.C. "Business Environment " ,Pearson Education,2011, pp. 33-36
4. http://www.doingbusiness.org
5. Djankov S., Freund C.,Cong S. Pham. Trading on Time// Review of Economics and Statistics.-2010. -N92(1) -p. 116-173
6. Основа для доклада " Doing Buainess World Reports " 2008-2017, http://www.doingbusiness.org/data http://www.doingbusiness.org/data
Taranenco L. doctor of economics, lector, Free International University of Moldova
BALANCED SCORECARD - MANAGERIAL METHOD IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF
SMEs UNDER CRISIS CONDITIONS
Summary: The balanced scorecard (BSC) is a strategy performance management tool - a semi-standard structured report, supported by design methods and automation tools that can be used by managers to keep track of the execution of activities by the staff within their control and to monitor the consequences arising from these actions. It is the method by which this most relevant information is determined that most differentiates the various versions of the tool in circulation. The balanced scorecard also gives light to the company's vision and mission.
Key words: balanced scorecard, small and medium enterprises (SMEs), economic crises, managerial methods, financial indicators.
Problem statement. SMEs operate within market economy under conditions of acerb competition on both domestic and international market. In order to realize their purposes, the entrepreneurs have to ground the activity on own economic strategies, being well founded technically, economically and managerially. Consequently, the market economic relations request the application of efficient managerial methods for the sustainable development of SMEs. The problem statement is to use of new methods that will ensure stable positions and overcome the critical moments of SME activity. These methods have enabled the creation of crisis management model in order to contribute to the ability to pay, to strengthen the financial position and the prosperity of SMEs.
Analysis of recent researches and publications. In modern conditions of market economy, it is necessary to apply different assessment methods. One of the most efficient methods of elaborating the complex of indicators is the balanced scorecard. The Balanced Scorecard was originally developed by Dr. Robert Kaplan of Harvard University and Dr. David Norton as a framework for measuring organizational performance using a more balanced set of performance measures.
Highlighting previously unresolved parts of a common problem. The efficiency of the company is determined by the financial-economic indicators entered in the accounts, but this approach does not define a complete image of the company's situation and does not permit to foresee the evolution of future events. Consequently, the companies need to apply new methods providing an efficient assessment of their activity.
Formulating the purpose of the article. The article purpose are to study the effectiveness of using
modern management methods for the sustainable development of SMEs during crisis situations through the analyze and the determination of the theoretical and practical approaches of the method concepts and the modern management techniques for the sustainable development of SMEs.
Presentation of the main material. Anti-crisis management process may be treated as a complex system, which supposes the restructuration of the company based on its diagnostic and later, the elaboration of an actions plan, followed by its accomplishment.
Generally, anti-crisis management of a company supposes:
- external and internal analysis of the company;
- operational assessment and analysis of company's financial situation and the prevention of an eventual insolvency;
- permanent monitoring of commercial activity risks and elaboration of methods for their mitigation.
The company has to operate according to a well-established plan when it elaborated the anti-crisis program, based on practical-theoretical and applicative studies in the field of management, marketing, staff management, financial management, which are incorporated in modern economic science. The results will allow drafting a plan for the administration of the company during or before the crisis situation. Its compliance will result in solving internal issues of the company, preventing the negative influence of external unfavorable factors and using efficiently and on maximum the possibilities provided by the macroenvironment of the company. This is a current issue of
