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Axmedova D.M., candidate of biological sciences
associate professor "Ecology" Fergana State University Uzbekistan, Fergana Nizomov N., master Fergana State University Uzbekistan, Fergana Ahmedov R., master Fergana State University Uzbekistan, Fergana
ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF WASTE SOLVING PROBLEM
Annotation. This article discusses the impact of industrial and domestic waste on the environment and its processing in the case of Fergana region.
Key words: Domestic waste, solid waste, by-products, rational use of natural resources, advanced technologies, environmental protection.
The protection of the environment from industrial and consumer waste, the rational and integrated use of natural resources and the implementation of environmentally friendly technologies are inextricably linked. Industrial enterprises are the main sources of pollution, generating different levels of waste. Waste also contains a high proportion of usable secondary resources.
Due to anthropogenic factors in the development of society, especially in the later stages, the quality and quantity of all sources of life in the environment and on earth are changing.
In this regard, the Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated April 21, 2017 No PP 2916 "On measures to radically improve and develop the system of implementation of works related to household waste in 2017-2021." This decision is aimed at improving the sanitary-epidemiological situation in the districts and cities of the country, radically improving and further developing the system of implementation of waste-related tasks in 2017-2021. This decision is a practical step to further improve the ecological and sanitary environment of the country, to protect and strengthen the health of the population, to make our cities and villages more prosperous and beautiful.
According to the Fergana Regional Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, there are a total of 23 landfills in the region, including 20 at the expense of the State Unitary Enterprise "Clean Zone" and 3 at the expense of private enterprises.
Including "Ferchana White Gold" x / k - paper waste recycling, "Quartz" A / J - glass waste, "Quvasoy mex cast iron service" - cast iron products, "Rubber Gold" LLC - unusable cars "RTI Texnik" LLC, "Robber Goods
Produck" LLC, "Yosh Avlod Tayanchi" family enterprise, "Toshloq Plast Truba" LLC, "Vodiy naslli paranda" enterprise, Beshariq district Beshquur x/k polyethylene pipe production.
Significant work is being done in our country on waste recycling. A number of enterprises are recycling waste to obtain secondary products. This eliminates part of the waste problem.
In Fergana district of Fergana region, Rubber Gold LLC has started to use solid waste as a secondary product.
According to the data, if a ton of unusable tires and tires are destroyed by burning them, 16 types of toxic gasoline vapors, rubber dust, carbon monoxide, which pollute the atmosphere and have a serious impact on human health, will be released. substances such as nitric oxide, chloroprene. In order to prevent these negative situations, solid waste is used as a secondary raw material.
The small enterprise has the capacity to process 528 tons of old tires and other tires per year, and produces rubber granules and rubber pads. The roofs of sports grounds, various tiles, carpets and other rubber products are made here, and most importantly, they protect athletes from injuries with their environmental friendliness, safety and elasticity.
Indeed, the protection of the environment from industrial and domestic waste is inextricably linked with the rational use of natural resources and the implementation of the most environmentally friendly technologies.
The main goal of waste management is to make producers and consumers responsible. In this regard, experts explained the task of waste management: "The production and disposal of waste should be regulated in such a way that it does not harm human health and does not limit the environmentally friendly products that are acceptable for use." It is based on preventive environmental principles in protecting the environment.
All waste that affects the environment and incurs economic costs must be recycled or disposed of. The more important it is to conserve resources through health and environmental protection and recycling, the higher the demand for its quality will be. Disposal of unprocessed waste is the lowest cost. This can have a significant impact later on.
In the preservation of the natural environment, toxic gases and emissions should be reduced and eliminated through the use of environmental protection measures and methods, rather than generating them at all.
Based on the above, it is recommended to establish the following measures to drastically reduce and neutralize emissions into the environment:
1. Reduction of the level of environmental pollution in the territory of the Republic to ecological-hygienic and sanitary standards;
2. Strengthen control over environmental pollution, use of natural resources and waste disposal. To this end, to pay attention to the system of efficient treatment facilities and equipment of sources of environmental pollution, taking into account scientific advances and international standards;
3. Improving the environment, preventing waste, achieving economic efficiency through the rational use of household waste in economic activities;
4. Processing of all types of raw materials and mineral resources, production of high quality products and efficient use of energy resources, extensive use of modern eco-chemical requirements, technological processes and equipment;
5. Construction of complexes for recycling and closed-chain production in order to drastically reduce the amount of waste generated in production;
6. Development and implementation of new, efficient technologies that involve secondary waste in the recycling process;
7. Achieve the necessary types of substances by processing the products of secondary raw materials, including waste products, generated at the production enterprise by various new scientific and technical methods (using the recuperation process);
8. Extensive use of technological methods for the neutralization of highly hazardous wastes for the environment, especially the biosphere.
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