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Rakhimov Matnazar Shomurotovich, Ph D., of the Biology Faculty of the National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek E-mail: raximov.matnazar@mail.ru Elmuratova Zulhumor Urazovna, Ph D., student of biology, National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek E-mail: pchd91@mail.ru
DISTRIBUTION AND SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF SOIL COLLEMBOLAN IN THE SOILS OF SOUTHERN REGIONS OF UZBEKISTAN
Abctract: The amount and type of collembolans hve researched in the 0-30 cm of wheat agroocenosis soil of the Kashkadarya region of Uzbekistan. There are clarified 30 types and 26 generations of collembolans including, their belonging for 5 families. Also, here is observed, the variation and types of collembolans in summer season, actually on July will be higher than winter and spring saeason.
Keywords: collembol, agroocenos, soil, seasonal dynamics, pattern, wheat.
Introduction in December 2017, April and June 2018 were obtained. Soil
Footsteps or collembol-insects belong to Insesta's class, samples 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-30 cm. 5 samples were tak-collembols - Collembola. They are very widespread on the en from the soil layer 1 dm3. The soil samples were used in
collecting collembolans - Berleze-TulgrenaThe essence of this device is that the smaller soil in the soil is moved down the hill as the soil samples drawn on the varonge down the top. Then the fixer falls into a container of 70-80 ° ethyl alcohol. Small collaterals falling into the collector container are inserted into the petri dish and collected and harvested under a DN-300M binocular microscope. Subsequently, continuous preparations were prepared to determine their species composition [6; 7]. The obtained results were statistically processed. Agoschemical analysis of humus and mobile nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of soil samples of wheat agrosenases of Kashkadarya region. According to the agrochemical analysis of the cultivated soil, the amount of humus in the sown of wheat in Kashkadarya region. According to the agrochemical analysis of the cultivated soil, the amount of humus in the sown of wheat in Kashkadarya region is 2.75%, which is determined by average amount of soil humus (1 table). Characteristic of nitric acid wheat is the double soil spp. 6.75 mg/kg, 14.0 mg/kg, potassium microbes, 103 mg/kg, containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium oxygen.
earth and spread to tropical forests, from algae and lycutela-ceous to all kinds of soil and vegetation. Their range of land, high mountains and plains, also occur in mountaineering mountains. Even in the frozen ground of the earth. Their place of residence is mainly the upper layer of soil where organic material is collected [1; 2]. The legs are widely used in the humusous and mineral-rich part of the soil layer and can reach up to 1.5 to 2 meters deep in the conditions favorable for them. In addition, legumes have been shown to be active in increasing soil fertility and soil formation [3; 4]. The size of all scarves is about 1 mm in diameter, the smallest is 0.2 to 0.7 mm, and the largest one is 5 to 9 mm long. Their bodies are closer to typical insects, with their three-legged joints. They are of great importance in increasing the amount of humus soil. In addition, collembola acts as an indicator for the detection of environmental degradation in anthropogenic zones, such as other microorganisms. Therefore, learning them is one of the most important tasks [6].
Materials and methods
Soil samples for the study of collembolans Samples from the soil layers of wheat agrocoenosis of Kashkadarya region
Table 1.
Example № Thickness of film The humus% Inactive, mg / kg
N-NO3 mg / kg P2O5 mg / kg K2O mg / kg
Wheat Kashkadarya 0-30 2.75% 6.75 14.0 103
Guzar district of Kashkadarya region is wheat agroocenosis of soil layers 0-10, 10-20, 20-30 cm. up to 660 cm up
to 10 cm in layers, up to 1880 cm in layers up to 0-10 cm in the summer and up to 20-30 cm in layers, up to 1 m2 per
1 m2 in winter an average of 2380 exemplary collembolans exemplary on the average wheat agroocenosis soil per 1 m2. were detected. In April, in the spring of 0 to 10 cm in the In layers between 20 and 30 cm, 2100 exemplary were seen. soil, 1820 exemplary, in the 10 to 20 cm layers, that is, 3300 Table 2.- Seasonal dynamics of collembol levels in soisl substrates of wheat agrocenes in Kashkadarya region
Soil layers December April June
0-10 cm 660* 1820 460
10-20 cm 1880 3300 5220
20-30 cm 2380 2100 4300
Total 2280 2420 12380
In June, it was found that in the depths of 0-10 cm in the soil 460 exemplary, in layers 10-20 cm in the layers of 5220
exemplary, and in the 20-30 cm layers, average 4300 exemplary collembolans per 1 m2 (Table 2).
-December > April
Figure 1.
Also, here is observed, the variation and types of col- aggregation of wheat agroocenos in the Kashkadarya region lembolans in summer season, actually on July will be higher in aggregates of 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-30 cm in total 30 than winter and spring saeason. As a result of the study of the species, 26 generations and 5 family collembolans groups species' composition, colleagues studied the occurrence of (Table 3).
Table 3. - Collembolans species of wheat agrocenos in the soil layers
Wheat Agrocenos
№ Tours December April June
0-10 10-20 20-30 0-10 10-20 20-30 0-10 10-20 20-30
cm cm cm cm cm cm cm cm cm
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
1. Family: Hypogastruridae Achorutes inermis Tulberg, 1871. + + +
2. Triacanthella michaelseni Schaffer, 1897. + + +
3. Achorutes ununguiculatus Tullberg, 1869. + + +
4. Achorutes viaticus Tullberg, 1872. + + + +
5. Willemia anophthalma Borner, 1901. + +
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
6. Xenylla maritima Tullberg, 1869. + + + +
7. Xenylla affiniformis Stach, 1930. + + +
8. Pseudacherontides zenkevitchi Djanasch-vili, 1971. + + +
9. Оила: Onychiuridae Lipura groenlandica Tullberg, 1876. + + + +
10. Uralia schilovi Martynova, 1976. + + + +
11. Lipura armata Tullberg, 1869. + + +
12. Podura ambulans Linnaeus, 1758. + + +
13. Stenaphorura japygiformis Absolon, 1900. + + +
14. Tullbergia tricuspis Borner, 1902. + + +
15. Granuliphorura obtusochaetaRusek, 1976. + + +
16. Оила: Odontellidae Odontella ewingi Folsom, 1916. + + + +
17. Xenyllodes armatus Axelson, 1903. + + +
18. Оила: Neanuridae Brachystomella maritima Agren, 1903. + + +
19. Triaena mirabilis Tullberg, 1871. + + +
20. Pseudachorutes suberassus Tullberg, 1871. + + + + +
21. Anurachorutes martynovae Kuznetzova et Potapov, 1988. + + + + +
22. Achorutes maritimus Guren in Lucas et Gurerin 1838. + + + +
23. Micranurid pygmaea Borner, 1901. + + +
24. Grananurida tuberculata Yosii, 1954. + + + + +
25. Achorutes tetrophthalmus Stach, 1929. + + + +
26. Ghirkanura chernovae Kuznetzova et Potapov, 1988. + + + +
27. Оила: Isotomidae Folsovina onychiurina Denis, 1931. + + +
28. Anurophorus laricis Nicolet, 1842. + + +
29. Isotoma minor Schafer, 1896. + +
30. Isotomodella pusilla Martyonova, 1968. + + + +
Conclusion
Thus, according to the data in Table 2, we can conclude that wheat agrocenos in the soil layers was more common in the summer months compared with the winter and spring seasons. Guzar district of Kashkadarya region has
studied the presence of 30 species, 26 generations and 5 families collembol coats in wheat agroocenos. Also, here is observed, the variation and types of collembolans in summer season, actually on July will be higher than winter and spring saeason.
References:
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4. Криволуцкий Д. А., Покаржевский А. Д., Сизова М. Г. Почвенная фауна в кадастре животного мира. Ростов-на-Дону: изд-во Ростовского университета, 1985.- 96 с.
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