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УДК 37.034
Sattarov A.M. Andijan state medical Institute Theacher of the department of social and humanitarian sciences
Uzbekistan, the city of Andijan DIALECTICS AS THE ART OF INQUIRY Abstract: This article discusses dialectics as the art of research Key words: dialectics, art, methodology, philosophy
Саттаров А.М. преподаватель кафедра «Социально-гуманитарной науки» Андижанский государственный медицинский институт
Узбекистан, г. Андижан ДИАЛЕКТИКА КАК ИСКУССТВО ВОПРОШАНИЯ Аннотация: В этой статье обсуждается диалектика как искусство исследования
Ключевые слова: диалектика, искусство, методология, философия
To understand the essence of the dialectic tradition, one should turn to its original meaning, to those of its models that crystallized in ancient philosophy. At its source, dialectics meant the art of conversation. Conversations in which there is an inquiring and listening, as well as answering. The questioner should ask a meaningful question, he who remembers should understand the question and try to give an answer to it. As Ilyenkov writes, "the art of thinking begins with the ability to ask questions." Each of the participants in the conversation is in a special cognitive position and obeys the appropriate logic of the cognitive process. Anyone who believes that he knows everything better than others, is not able to ask. In order to be able to ask, one should want to know, that is, to know about one's ignorance. The meaning of the inquiry is to reveal the questionnaire in its problematic.
"Because of this, the method by which dialectics is carried out is an inquiry
"Мировая наука" №4(13) 2018 science-j.com
and an answer, or, better to say, it consists in the fact that all knowledge passes through a question: to ask is to bring out into the open." The openness of the questionnaire consists in not establishing the answer ... There is a method that would allow us to learn how to ask, to learn how to see the problematic. "The example of Socrates teaches us, rather, that the whole thing is in the knowledge of ignorance." Socratic dialectics leading to this knowledge due to its art is brought into confusion on, thereby creating conditions for of asking. "
The intellectual efforts of the respondent, connected with the search for an answer, is the path to knowledge. After all, and in its original meaning "knowledge" is the presence in our minds of the answer to the question posed. The answer suggests that the interlocutor has a set of possible answers from which he must make a choice in favor of one of them. The justified choice is the solution of the problem. We can not judge the truth of the interlocutor's statement if we do not know and do not understand the question, the answer to which he is. Any objection to the answer, carried out from any other point of view, is unacceptable. That is why, when we criticize certain provisions of past philosophical systems, we must first clearly understand the answer to which questions they are.
Dialectics is the art of inquiry as a method of seeking truth. Therefore, one who knows how to ask, should direct the conversation deep into the problem, without deviating to the side, and on arguments to put forward counterarguments. The art of inquiry is, therefore, the art of thinking in its true freedom, in its openness to the truth.
"Knowledge can only be from the one who has questions, the questions always grasp the opposites between" yes "and" no ", between" so "and" otherwise. "Only because knowledge in a broad sense of the word is dialectical is possible in general" dialectic, "consciously making the opposite between" yes "and" no "subject."
The dialectic of thinking is directly connected with the collision of two opposing judgments, with a contradiction. Dialectics is the search for truth in the free object and language space of thought, in which speech and contradiction constantly collide. Such is the dialectic of Socrates and Plato.
In the Middle Ages, dialectical art reveals itself in those numerous philosophical debates in which it was customary to cite not only all the pros and cons before you express your views on the subject of the dispute, but also with seriousness to develop all the arguments in general, as though assessing their weight and thoroughness.
In modern times, a peculiar variant of dialectics is being developed in the framework of his doctrine of monadology, Leibniz. But Kant's research attracted special attention in this respect. This is primarily about the famous Kantian "antinomies," a detailed analysis of which will be given in the next chapter. Now we only note that the Kantian doctrine of antinomies once again attracted attention to dialectics as a fundamental problem of philosophy.
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1. O'raqova O. J. INFLUENCE OF THE JADIDES IDEOLOGY ON THE
"MnpoBaH HayKa" №4(13) 2018 science-j.com
SOCIO-POLITICAL AND CULTURAL LIFE IN THE TURKESTAN REGION //Теория и практика современной науки. - 2017. - №. 5. - С. 41-43.
УДК 372.87.
Turgunova G. T.
Teacher of the Chair «Fundamentals of Spirituality and Religion» NUUz FAMILY - AS A CONNECTION FACTOR OF ETHICAL AND
AESTHETIC CULTURE
Abstract: In this article the family is analyzed - as a connecting factor of ethical and aesthetic culture
Keywords: culture, ethics, aesthetics, family, personality
Тургунова Г. Т. преподаватель кафедра «Основы духовности и религии»
НУУз
СЕМЬЯ - КАК СВЯЗУЮЩИЙ ФАКТОР ЭТИЧЕСКОЙ И ЭСТЕТИЧЕСКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ
Аннотация: В этой статье анализируется семья - как связующий фактор этической и эстетической культуры
Ключевые слова: культура, этика, эстетика, семья, личность
The ethical and aesthetic culture that manifests the human personality, such as moral and ethical purity, faith, reasonableness, dignity, honor, kindness, respect for the elderly, which plays an important role in the spirituality and perfection of society. The formation of ethical and aesthetic culture in the younger generation depends on the following factors: the content of the educational process, ethical and aesthetic content in the system of social and family life, family, neighborhood, general secondary, secondary special, professional and higher education system, the ideological orientation and effectiveness of the education system, mass media.
Among the factors that shape the ethical and aesthetic culture, the family is of particular importance. At the same time, family is the most important part of civil society, state. Because the formation of a healthy, well-educated, ethically and aesthetically mature generation in the society is directly influenced by the social and spiritual environment in the family. Spiritually mature, physically healthy children, who are the foundation of civil society, are in the family environment. Respect for national traditions and customs in the minds and hearts of human beings, the formation of a belief in moral values, humanity, diligence, ethics, patriotism, kindness, honesty and reverence, first of all, directly affects family education associated event. In the family, parents are moral examples of their children, and ethical values develop in the process of teaching ethical and aesthetic concepts. The role of family members in the upbringing of children is important. "Family building is not just a personal relationship between two people, but one of the most important tasks that defines the essentials of society." For a
"Мировая наука" №4(13) 2018 science-j.com
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