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97
UDC: 351
Kalievskaya Marina Aleksandrovna,
post-graduate student, Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, 03039, Kyiv, Str. Frometivska, 2, tel.: (093) 871 00 48, e-mail: [email protected]
ORCID: 0000-0002-8708-4010
KaMÏeecbKa Марина ÜMeKcaHdpieHa,
асшрант, Мiжрегiональна Академiя управлтня персоналом, 03039, м. Кшв, вул. Фрометiвська, 2, тел.: (093) 871 00 48, e-mail: [email protected]
ORCID: 0000-0002-8708-4010
Калиевская Марина Александровна,
аспирант, Межрегиональная Академия управления персоналом, 03039, г. Киев, ул. Фрометовская, 2, тел.: (093) 87100 48, e-mail: [email protected] ORCID: 0000-0002-8708-4010 DOI https://doi.org/10.31618/vadnd.vim.23
DEFiNiTiON OF THE PUBLiC SECURiTY AND ORDERLiNESS ENSURiNG MECHANiSM
iN UKRAiNE
Abstract. In this article, a model of the mechanism of ensuring public security and orderliness in accordance with the principles and tasks of the relevant institutions in public administration, taking into account resources, technologies, measures for the state policy implementation in the spheres of ensuring the protection of human rights and freedoms, the interests of society and the state, combating crime, maintaining public security and order. It was found that ensuring public security and order in Ukraine is a mechanism for the implementation of national goals of state policy in the areas of ensuring the protection of human rights and freedoms, the interests of society and the state, combating crime, maintaining public security and order, by defining tasks according to certain principles. The idea is that if one considers the state policy in the spheres of ensuring the protection of human rights and freedoms, the interests of society and the state, combating crime, maintaining public security and order as a national priority (purpose, task), then the mechanism of ensuring public security and order in Ukraine needs coordination with the state development strategy. From the point of view of the implementation of the state policy in the areas of ensuring the protection of human rights and freedoms, the interests of society and the state, combating crime, maintaining public security and order, the mechanism of ensuring public security
and order in Ukraine can be considered as the main system providing interconnection such elements as institutions (implementing the specified state policy), resources (human resources, logistical, natural and so on, with the help of which it is possible to implement state policy), technologies (skills, knowledge, means and so on the implementation of state policy), measures (action plans), as well as external (internal) threats.
Keywords: public security and orderliness, mechanism of ensuring public security and orderliness, state policy, public administration.
ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ МЕХАН1ЗМУ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ПУБЛ1ЧНО1 БЕЗПЕКИ I ПОРЯДКУ В УКРА1Ш
Анотащя. Визначено модель мехашзму забезпечення публiчно! безпеки i порядку за принципами i завданнями вщповщних шституцш державного управлшня з урахуванням ресурйв, технологш, заходiв щодо реалiзащ! державно! полiтики у сферах забезпечення охорони прав i свобод людини, iнтересiв суспiльства i держави, протиди злочинностi, пiдтримання публiч-но! безпеки i порядку. Виявлено, що забезпечення публiчно! безпеки i порядку в Укра!ш е певним механiзмом щодо реалiзацil нащональних цiлей державно! полiтики у сферах забезпечення охорони прав i свобод людини, штереав суспiльства i держави, протиди злочинностi, пiдтримання публiч-но! безпеки i порядку шляхом визначення завдань за певними принципами. Обгрунтовано думку про те, що якщо розглядати державну пол^ику у сферах забезпечення охорони прав i свобод людини, штереав суспiльства i держави, протидi! злочинностi, пiдтримання публiчно! безпеки i порядку як нащональний прiоритет (цiль, завдання), то мехашзм забезпечення публiч-но! безпеки i порядку в Укра!нi потребуе координаци з державною страте-гiею розвитку. З точки зору iмплементацi! державно! полггики у сферах забезпечення охорони прав i свобод людини, штереав сусшльства i держави, протиди злочинносл, пiдтримання публiчно! безпеки i порядку, то механiзм забезпечення публiчно! безпеки i порядку в Укра!ш можна розглядати, як основну систему, що забезпечуе взаемозв'язок таких елеменпв, як шституцш (що реалiзують зазначену державну полггику), ресурсу (кадрового, ма-терiально-технiчного, природного i так дал^ за допомогою яких можлива ре-алiзацiя державно! полiтики), технологш (вмшня, знання, засоби i так далi щодо реалiзацi! державно! пол^ики), заходи (плани дiй), а також впливи (загрози) зовшшш та внутршш.
Ключовi слова: публiчна безпека i порядок, механiзм забезпечення пу-блiчно! безпеки i порядку, державна пол^ика, публiчне управлiння.
ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ МЕХАНИЗМА ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ПУБЛИЧНОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ И ПОРЯДКА В УКРАИНЕ
Аннотация. Определена модель механизма обеспечения общественной безопасности и порядка на принципах и задачах соответствующих институций государственного управления с учетом ресурсов, технологий, мероприя-
тий по реализации государственной политики в сферах обеспечения охраны прав и свобод человека, интересов общества и государства, противодействия преступности, поддержание публичной безопасности и порядка. Выявлено, что обеспечение общественной безопасности и порядка в Украине является определенным механизмом по реализации национальных целей государственной политики в сферах обеспечения охраны прав и свобод человека, интересов общества и государства, противодействия преступности, поддержание публичной безопасности и порядка путем определения задач по определенным принципам. Обосновано мнение о том, что если рассматривать государственную политику в сферах обеспечения охраны прав и свобод человека, интересов общества и государства, противодействия преступности, поддержание публичной безопасности и порядка как национальный приоритет (цель, задачи), то механизм обеспечения публичной безопасности и порядка в Украине требует координации с государственной стратегией развития. С точки зрения имплементации государственной политики в сферах обеспечения охраны прав и свобод человека, интересов общества и государства, противодействия преступности, поддержание публичной безопасности и порядка, то механизм обеспечения публичной безопасности и порядка в Украине можно рассматривать как основную систему, обеспечивающую взаимосвязь таких элементов, как институтов (реализующих указанную государственную политику), ресурса (кадрового, материально-технического, природного и так далее, с помощью которых возможна реализация государственной политики), технологий (умение, знания, средства и т.д. по реализация государственной политики), мероприятия (планы действий), а также воздействия (угрозы) внешние и внутренние.
Ключевые слова: публичная безопасность и порядок, механизм обеспечения публичной безопасности и порядка, государственная политика, публичное управление.
Targetsetting. After the Revolution of Dignity in Ukraine, the reform of the security forces, in particular the law-enforcement system began. The first was the reform of the road car inspection, reorganized into the patrol police, the National Police Unit, which carries out round-the-clock patrols of the streets of cities, and also the first to respond to challenges 102, in order to ensure public order and safety, protection of citizens' rights, and road safety. Western partners, in particular the
United States, which sent their instructors from California and Ohio to Kyiv, were actively involved in the reform of the law-enforcement system. The first city in which the Patrol Police began to work became Kyiv on July 4, 2015. Then there were Lviv, Odessa, Kharkiv and other regional centers and big cities.
Today, the National Police of Ukraine, the central executive authority, which carries out its activities in accordance with the Law of Ukraine
"On National Police", from the State Police of Ukraine, provides for the implementation of state policy in the spheres of ensuring the protection of human rights and freedoms, the interests of society and the state, combating crime, and supporting public safety and order. 07/02/2015, № 580-VIII.
Analysis of recent publications on issues. The source of information for writing the article was the normative acts and the results of scientific research [1-6].
The purpose of the article. Determination of the main aspects of constructing a model of the mechanism of ensuring public security and orderliness, regarding state policy implementation in the spheres of ensuring the protection of human rights and freedoms, the interests of society and the state, combating crime, maintaining public security and order.
The statement of basic materials. As we have noted in previous studies: the mechanism of ensuring public security and orderliness in Ukraine is the realization of national goals in the public security and order sphere, which is provided by certain public administration institutions in accordance with the tasks entrusted to them with the functions defined by the principles.
The organization of ensuring public security and orderliness in Ukraine is carried out by the National Police of Ukraine, as well as in cooperation between the National Guard of Ukraine and the National Police of Ukraine, which perform tasks in accordance with their functions according to the established principles within the legal framework (see Table).
At the same time, the National Police of Ukraine (in accordance with the Law of Ukraine "On National Police" [1]) is the central executive body that serves the society by ensuring protection of human rights and freedoms, combating crime, maintaining public security and order, and the National Guard of Ukraine ( in accordance with the Law of Ukraine "On the National Guard of Ukraine" [2]) is a military formation with law enforcement functions, which is part of the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine and is intended to fulfill the tasks entrusted to it.
In accordance with the Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine (registered in the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine on September 7, 2016, № 1223/29353) "On Approval of the Procedure of interaction Ukraine National Guard and the National Police of Ukraine during security (protection) public (social) security and order" with the purpose of determining the procedure for joint involvement of the forces and means of the National Police and the National Guard of Ukraine in relation to ensuring security and orderliness provides [5]:
• joint patrols patrol streets, squares, parks, railway stations, airports, sea and river ports, other public (social) places;
• provision (protection) of public (social) security and order during meetings, rallies, street trips, demonstrations, other mass and sport events, as well as during public (social) events with the participation of persons for whom the state security is carried out;
• carrying out joint measures to stabilize the operational situation in case
interaction between the National Guard and the National Police ukraine in accordance with the tasks and principles of activity
National Police of ukraine national Guard of ukraine
Tasks Principles tasks Principles
1. ensuring public security and order; 2. the protection of human rights and freedoms, as well as the interests of society and the state; 3. counteraction to crime; 4. providing, within the limits determined by law, services to help individuals who, for personal, economic, social reasons or due to emergencies, need such assistance 1. the rule of law; 2. observance of human rights and freedoms; 3. legality; 4. openness and transparency; 5. political neutrality; 6. interaction with the population on the basis of partnership; 7. continuity 1. protection and protection of life, rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of citizens, society and the state from criminal and other unlawful encroachments; 2. protection of public order and public security, as well as in co-operation with law-enforcement bodies - on ensuring state security and protection of the state border; 3. the cessation of terrorist activities, the activities of illegal paramilitary or armed formations (groups), terrorist organizations, organized groups and criminal organizations 1. the rule of law; 2. ensuring observance of human and civil rights and freedoms; 3. non-partisan; 4. continuity; 5. legality; 6. openness to democratic civilian control; 7. transparency; 8. the responsibility of centralized leadership and unity
agrees with the head of the relevant police body within its jurisdiction.
• if necessary, amendments to the Plan for the involvement of the force and the means of the military unit for the protection of public order shall be adopted, which shall be approved and agreed in accordance with the established procedure.
Thus, it can be argued that the realization of national goals in the field of public security and order, provided in the interaction between the National Guard of Ukraine and the National Police of Ukraine, in accordance with the tasks and defined principles, has certain specific differences related to the system of work, organization, legal status, authority of employees.
of its aggravation within the territory of one or several administrative-territorial units.
The interaction of the National Guard of Ukraine and the National Police of Ukraine on the cessation of massive disturbances is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the legislation involving the forces and means of the National Guard of Ukraine to provide (protect) public (social) security and order [5]:
• for the performance of tasks, on the basis of the Plan for involving forces and means of the military unit to the public order service, which is being developed for a month, is approved by the commander of the military unit of the National Guard of Ukraine and
However, it is possible to define general principles and tasks for interaction of the institution of public administration with regard to ensuring public security and order, in particular:
• the rule of law;
• the principle of observance of human rights and freedoms;
• the principle of legality;
• the principle of openness and transparency;
• the principle of political neutrality;
• the principle of continuity;
• the principle of the responsibility of centralized leadership and unity.
These principles are a necessary and fundamental element in terms of the systemic approach in defining the following general tasks for public security and order of the public administration institution, in particular:
• theprotection and protection of human rights and freedoms, as well as the interests of society and the state;
• theprotection of public order and public security;
• the provision of assistance within the limits determined by law to persons who, due to emergency situations, need such assistance.
As a result of the comparative analysis of the state bodies activities in the field of ensuring public security and orderliness in Ukraine, as well as on certain principles and tasks of interaction, we will construct a scheme defining the implementation of state policy in the areas of ensuring the protection of human rights and freedoms, the interests of society and the state, combating crime, maintaining public security and order, with an emphasis on public security and the order provided by certain
public administration institutions (see
Fig. 1).
Thus, ensuring public security and order in Ukraine is a mechanism for the implementation of national goals of state policy in the areas of ensuring the protection of human rights and freedoms, the interests of society and the state, combating crime, maintaining public security and order, by defining tasks according to certain principles.
When considering state policy in the areas of ensuring the protection of human rights and freedoms, the interests of society and the state, combating crime, maintaining public security and order as a national priority (purpose, task), the mechanism of ensuring public safety and order in Ukraine needs to be coordinated with state development strategies. From the point of view of the state policy implementayion in the areas of ensuring the protection of human rights and freedoms, the interests of society and the state, combating crime, maintaining public security and order, the mechanism of ensuring public security and order in Ukraine can be considered as the main system providing interconnection such elements as institutions (implementing the specified state policy), resources (human resources, logistical, natural and so on, with the help of which it is possible to implement state policy), technologies (skills, knowledge, means and so on the implementation of state policy), measures (action plans), as well as external (internal) threats.
Taking into account the above, one can build a model of the mechanism for ensuring public security and orderliness (see Fig. 2).
Responsibility for centralized leadership and unified leadership
National Police and National Guard of Ukraine
Fig. 1. The scheme of implementation of state policy, which is provided by certain institutions of public administration on certain principles and tasks
Conclusions. Thus, a model of the mechanism for ensuring public security and orderliness in accordance with the principles and tasks of the relevant institutions in public administration is determined, taking into account the resources, technologies, measures for the implementation of state policy in the spheres of ensuring the protection of human rights and freedoms, the interests of society and the state, combating crime, maintaining public security and order.
references -
1. The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (2015), The Law of Ukraine "On the National Police", available at: http://zakon2. rada.gov.ua/laws/show/580-19 (Accessed September 21, 2017).
2. The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (2014), The Law of Ukraine "On the National Guard of Ukraine", available at: http:// zakon3.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/876-18 (Accessed September 20, 2017).
3. Constitution of Ukraine (1996), available at: http: //zakon2.rada.gov.
State development strategy
State policy
External influences (threats)
Fig. 2. Themodel of themechanism for ensuring p^tulic security andorderUness
ua/laws/show/254%D0%BA/96-%D0%B2%D1%80 (Accessed September 20, 2017).
4. Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (2015), "On approval of the National Police", available at:http://zakon5.rada.gov. ua/laws/show/877-2015-%D0%BF (Accessed September 21, 2017).
5. Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (2016), "On Approval of the Procedure for the Organization of the Cooperation of the National Guard of Ukraine and the National Police of Ukraine during the provision (protection) of public (social) security and order", available at:http://zakon3.rada.gov.ua/laws/
show/z1223-16 (Accessed September 21, 2017).
6. Chervyakova O. V. (2017) The new public administration paradigm directions // Public management. — № 1 (6). — Р. 198-203.
список використаних джерел -
1. Закон Украши "Про Нащональну Полщш" вщ 02.07.2015 р. № 580-VIII [Електронний ресурс]. — Режим доступу: http://zakon2.rada.gov. ua/laws/show/580-19
2. Закон Украши "Про Нащональну гвардш Украши" вщ 2014 № 17 [Електронний ресурс]. — Режим доступу: http://zakon3.rada.gov.ua/ laws/show/876-18
3. КонститущяУкраши [Електронний ресурс]. — Режим доступу: http:// zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/
254%D0%BA/9 6-%D0%B2% D1%80
4. Постанова КМУ "Про затверджен-ня Положення про Нащональну полщш" вщ 28 жовтня 2015 р. № 877. [Електронний ресурс]. — Режим доступу: http://zakon5.rada.gov.ua/ laws/show/877-2015-%D0%BF
5. Постанова КМУ "Про затверджен-ня Порядку оргашзацИ взаемодИ Нащонально! гвардп Украши та На-щонально! полщп Украши пщ час забезпечення (охорони) публiчноï (громадсько!) безпеки i порядку" вщ 7 вересня 2016 р. № 1223/29353 [Електронний ресурс]. — Режим доступу: http://zakon3.rada.gov.ua/ laws/show/z1223-16
6. Chervyakova O. V. The new public administration paradigm directions // Public management : collection. — № 1 (6) — march 2017. — Kyiv : ДП "Вид. дiм "Персонал", 2017. — 198-203 с.
