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16SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS VOLUME 3 I ISSUE 8 I 2022 _ISSN: 2181-1601
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COMPOSITION AND TECHNOLOGY OF COLLECTION OF MOMORDICA CHARANTIA L OBTAINED FROM MEDICINAL PLANT RAW MATERIALS
Bakhodirjon Sharipovich Samadov, Feruza Sodiqovna Jalilova,
Bukhara state medical institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sino Fazliddin Sodiqovich Jalilov
Tashkent Pharmaceutical Institute
Introduction. The search for new drugs, their experimental and clinical study is connected with the solution of many scientific, technical, economic, ethnic, legal issues both within our country and on an international scale [1]. Today, as in the pharmacy industry, special attention is also paid to the synthesis of new active substances and obtaining new dosage forms from them, and in our republic, the cultivation of medicinal herbs is also deeply supported, medicinal plants are localized and new dosage forms are obtained from them [2].
The aim of the work. The task of the pharmaceutical industry of each state is to provide the pharmaceutical market with domestic drugs that are competitive with foreign medicines. Paying special attention to the expansion of fields for the cultivation of medicinal plants, cultivating and harvesting medicinal raw materials is an important task of this direction [3]. In our state, it is also particularly emphasized to create new developments in this direction. A plant that has been cultivated for the purpose of obtaining dosage forms from them, to study their qualitative and quantitative composition, to isolate the active substance and to obtain new dosage forms is the goal of each applicant. In order to provide the population with high-quality and effective, at the same time affordable drugs, it becomes an urgent task for applicants of this direction
[4].
Materials and Methods. Medicinal plants belonging to the pumpkin family "Cucurbitaceae" Momordica charantia "Momordica charantia L" from ancient times is used in folk medicine against various diseases. Momordica charantia (Latin Momordica charantia L) is a climbing medicinal plant native to India and the Southeastern regions of Asia. [5]. The genus of plants includes about 20 species of annual or perennial lianas. Momordica charantia (Latin Momordica charantia L) is usually grown as cultivated plants [6]. Fruits are rich in vitamins C, A, E, B, PP, F, contain trace elements and substances important for the human body (dietary fiber, lutein, beta carotene, etc.) [7]. According to the authors, medicinal plants are harvested in different places and under different conditions have their own pharmacological properties to ensure one or another pharmacological effect [8]. Before that, in order to study the above properties, in our study, we first studied the numerical indicators of the collection obtained on the basis of
SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS VOLUME 3 I ISSUE 8 I 2022 _ISSN: 2181-1601
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the fruits of Indian pomegranate, localized and grown at home in the Bukhara region of the Republic of Uzbekistan [9].
Results. Determination of the residual moisture of the collection. The presence of a certain amount of residual moisture in medicinal plant raw materials is of great importance, but its amount cannot be greater than the amount specified in the regulatory technical document [10]. If the residual moisture exceeds the norm, the enzymes in the plant destroy the active substances and cause conditions such as hydrolysis, which reduce or completely lose the quality of raw materials [11]. In addition, excess residual moisture causes rotting of raw materials and the appearance of mold. Therefore, the raw materials prepared from medicinal plants, after drying, it is desirable to decompose into containers, store in sufficiently moist and ventilated rooms [12]. Alternatively, the raw materials should not be allowed to dry out too much. Otherwise, the raw materials will crumble during packaging and processing, and the quality will be spoiled [13].
The residual moisture content of each raw material will be indicated in the TDP specified for this plant. The residual moisture of the raw material is understood as the amount of hygroscopic moisture and volatile substances lost during its drying to a constant mass [14].
The analytical sample of raw materials is crushed to a size of about 10 mm and pulled out in two boxes (from 3 g to 5 g) with an accuracy of 0.01 g. The resulting raw materials are placed in pre-dried and tamped bags with a lid and placed on a drying shelf heated to 100-105oC. After the temperature of the drying shelf reaches 100-105oC again, the drying time is considered optimal. The first work on pulling is performed after 2 hours for leaves, grass, flowers. Drying is carried out to a constant weight [15]. If the results of the last two weighings after 30 minutes of drying and cooling in the desiccator for 30 minutes, the difference in weighing does not exceed 0.01 g, then it is considered that a constant weight has been achieved [16].
To calculate the sum of active substances and ash content in relation to absolute dry raw materials, the above method is used to take 1-2 g (pure suspended) from an analytical sample weighted to determine the content of moisture-containing substances and ash. At the same time, the difference in the last two weighings should not exceed 0.0005 g between each other [17].
The moisture content of raw materials (X) as a percentage is calculated by the formula:
x (M - M1)
M •
?
where M is the amount of raw materials before drying g;
M1 - the amount of raw materials after drying g.
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Thus, the arithmetic mean of two parallel experiments is obtained, calculated up to the second digit after zero. The permissible difference in two parallel experiments should not exceed 0.5% [18].
Determination of the ash content of the unit. Crushed medicinal plant raw materials of 3-5 g in size are placed in a preheated and well-weighted porcelain, quartz or platinum crucible (mesh box). Then the crucible is slowly heated (preventing ignition of the raw material) at a low temperature. The remaining pieces of coal are burned at the lowest possible temperature. After almost complete combustion of coal, the temperature rises [19].
In case of incomplete combustion of coal lumps, the residue is cooled and moistened with water or a saturated solution of ammonium nitrate, dried in a water bath and fired in a muffle furnace. If necessary, this process is repeated several times [20].
Determination of ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid of the unit. 15 ml of 10% hydrochloric acid is added to the residue left after burning and burning medicinal plant raw materials. Then the crucible is closed with an hourglass and heated in a water bath for 10 minutes. Then 5 ml of water is poured into the crucible, washing off the mirror of the watch [21]. The liquid is filtered through a sleeveless filter. The residue is washed several times with hot water until it stops reacting with chlorides. The filtrate is then placed back into the crucible, dried, fired and weighed as shown above [22].
Determination of the amount of impurities in the unit. To determine impurities, extraneous, mechanical impurities are separated with tweezers.
The composition of the mixtures includes:
1. Raw materials that have lost their color.
2. Parts of a medicinal plant that are not raw.
3. Organic compounds (other non-toxic plant organs).
4. Mineral mixtures (soil, pebbles, sand, etc.).
Each type of mixtures is weighed separately, and their quantity is calculated as a percentage according to the following equation:
M, -100
X =-
M
hence M1 is the amount of mixture, g;
M2 is the volume of the analytical sample, g.
The analytical sample for separated mixtures should be weighed with an accuracy of 100.0 g if it is greater than 0.1 g, and with an accuracy of 0.05 g if less [23].
Table 1. Results of determination of numerical indicators of the aggregate
№
Studied numerical indicators
Assembling
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1. Humidity, % 9,8
2. Total amount of ash, % 6,5
3. The amount of ash insoluble in 10% hydrochloric acid, % 1,9
4. Not sifted parts from a 7 mm sieve 6
5. Sifted parts from a 0.5 mm sieve, % 7
6. Organic mixtures, % 1,1
7. Mineral impurities, % 0,9
Conclusions. As a result of the conducted experiments, the quality of the collection was evaluated, numerical indicators of the unit intended for use against diseases, especially in diabetes, tumors and liver diseases were determined. On the basis of organoleptic parameters, macro- and microelement composition of the studied collection, physico-chemical parameters of the samples, standardization of the collection can be carried out according to the content of flavonoids, vitamins and common minerals.
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