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Seytkamalov Khayratdin Maulenovich, Nukus branch of the Tashkent University of information technologies, Uzbekistan, Karalpakstan E-mail: svetmamb@mail.ru
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CARDIAC ACTIVITY OF CATTLE IN THE CONDITIONS OF SOUTHERN ARAL SEA AREA
Abstract: To the article the results of comparative analysis of electrocardiogram are driven for the cows of different breeds in Republic of Karakalpakstan. It is set that the high temperature of environment and sunny insolation render negative influence on the functional parameters of the cardiac vascular system of animals.
Keywords: Aral sea area, ecosystem transformations, salt aerosol, degradation, mathematical modeling.
Lately development ofstock-raising on industrial basis requires creation of optimal terms for animals taking into account physiological norms and perfection of the system of zoology-veterinary service. The functional state of the cardiovascular system of animals is one ofbasic physiological indexes, on that it is possible to judge about character influences of environment on an organism.
Character of electrocardiography curve is determined not only by age ofanimal, influence ofcTeAbHocra, lactations, but to the considerable measure by influence of environment, temperature, humidity, air, to day's seasonal recurrence of meteorological factors by the terms of maintenance and feeding [1].
For finding out of features of the functional state of телят from birth and during the first six months of life, it is necessary to study the dynamics of functional activity of heart and basic vegetative functions in age-related aspects, and also to educe the age-related and pedigree
changes in adjusting of these functions in the conditions of Republic of Karakalpakstan. Necessity of study of features ofphysiological adaptation of cows, телят and other animals to the new terms of maintenance and feeding, influences of high temperature and solar radiation of pain irritants and stress-factor on an organism is one of issues of the day of modern physiological science [2, 3].
An aim ofthis research is a ECG- analysis ofcardiac activity of cattle in the conditions of Southern Aral sea area.
Research was conducted on the cows of different breeds (blackly-pied, by a borax Latvian, zebytypes) on
territory of Kanlikul and Nukus of districts of Republic of Karakalpakstan. Made age of experimental cows 5-6. Living mass for the cows of blackly-steppe breed - 470580 kg, brown Latvian breed 454-470 kg, zebytypes breeds are 425-435 kg.
The estimation of cardiac activity was conducted on the basis of electrocardiography (ECG) research of animals. Registered oneself ECG in frontal and сагиттальных projections on the method of Roshevsky (1958, 1960) and Mezenceva [4]. A heart rate, duration of intervals of ECG, coefficient of arrhythmia, data of axonometry, was taken into account. Material treated statistical methods Merkureva [4].
Results and discussion
Result of anthropogenic influence, stipulating reductions of aquatorium of the Aral Sea area, strengthening of processes of aridization ecosystems of region, grows short to the area of productive vegetable associations, what natural potential of pastures goes down because of, that negatively on development of stock-raising. An ecological situation in a region requires an all-round study and development of scientifically-reasonable suggestions, on protecting of animals from influence ofhigh temperature and solar radiation, what cannot be carried out without the study of mechanisms of adaptation.
For the increase of the productivity of cattle research of physiological mechanisms of adaptation of привозных pedigree animals is needed to the extreme terms of Republic of Karakalpakstan. Researches of
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CARDIAC ACTIVITY OF CATTLE IN THE CONDITIONS OF SOUTHERN ARAL SEA AREA
electrocardiogram for cows conducted at influence of different on intensity and durations temperatures of air (18-43 ° C) and solar radiation from 2065-3396 kA^. 18-20 ° C accepted for an initial ambient temperature (optimal).
Results undertaken studies showed the specific feature of adaptive reaction of the cardiovascular system on a temperature factor for the cows of different breeds. Experimental data show that at the temperature of air of 18-20 ° C at a zebytypes cattle frequency of heart-throbs was 57.69 ± 2.32 oud/min, at a blackly-pied breed -61.78 ± 2.14 oud/min, and at the brown Latvian breed 59.94 ± 2.27 oud/min. At the increase of temperature of air to 36-40 ° C this index for the cows of blackly-pied breed rose on 14.3%, for the cows of the brown Latvian breed on 11.4% (p < 0.05). At the further increase of temperature of air to 41-43 ° C at the blackly-pied breed of frequency of heart-throbs rose on 12.6%, at the brown Latvian breed accordingly on 16.4% (p < 0.05).
Conducted analysis of duration of cycle of R - R showed that at an ambient of 18-20 ° C temperature at zebytypes cattle this index is equal to 1.047 ± 0.089 p., and at a blackly-pied breed and brown Latvian breed, according to 0.982 ± 0.071 and 1.001 ± 0.062 p. With the increase of temperature of air to 40-43 ° C as com-
Table 1. Indexes of size of vectors of of axonometry for the cows of '
pared to a zebytypes cattle duration of cycle of R - R at a blackly-pied breed went down on 16.3%, and at the brown Latvian breed on 14.4% (p < 0.05).
The diastole phase of T-P at the investigated breeds at the temperature of 18-20 ° C made: at the zebytypes cattle of 0.321 ± 0.041c, and at blackly-pied and brown Latvian breeds accordingly: 0.360 ± 0.41c and 0.310 ± ± 0.039 c. At the increase of temperature of air to 43 ° C as compared to the improved type of zebytypes cattle this index went down at a blackly-pied breed on 14.5%, and at the brown Latvian breed on 13.0% (p < 0.05). At a temperature 18-20 ° C time of electric systole (Q- T) time at a zebytypes cattle corresponded 0.472 ± 0.054 s., and the blackly-pied and brown Latvian breed of0.430± ± 0.027 s. and 0.469 ± 0.027 s. accordingly. At increase of temperature to 43 ° C this index at the improved zebytypes cattle went down on 25.9%, and at a blackly-pied breed on 28.7% and at the brown Latvian breed on 22.4% (p < 0.05).
According to data ofaxonometry, electrocardiograms of cows of different breeds got by us with the different degree of thermostableness on the high temperature of air (40-43 ° C) and sunny insolation, are characterized the different sizes of vectors of P, S, T in sagital projections (table 1).
, S, T in sagital projections from data
ifferent breeds, (M + m, n = 15)
Breed temperature. C Amplitude of indents of ECG. mV
P S T
the Improved zebytypes cattle 18-20 0.210 ± 0.021 0.397 ± 0.041 0.487 ± 0.049
30-35 0.166 ± 0.010 0.314 ± 0.078 0.363 ± 0.058
40-43 0.128 ± 0.012 0.284 ± 0.056 0.327 ± 0.048
Blackly-pied 18-20 0.253 ± 0.047 0.987 ± 0.078 0.498 ± 0.047
30-35 0.179 ± 0.012 0.688 ± 0.062 0.223 ± 0.038
40-43 0.118 ± 0.010 0.558 ± 0.079 0.212 ± 0.029
Brown Latvian 18-20 0.220 ± 0.019 0.857 ± 0.054 0.530 ± 0.064
30-35 0.156 ± 0.028 0.654 ± 0.076 0.30 ± 0.063
40-43 0.120 ± 0.014 0.543 ± 0.048 0.301 ± 0.065
As be obvious from a table, for cows blackly-pied and brown Latvian breeds at the increase of temperature of air (40-43 ° C) the size of vector of P in a sagital projection went down accordingly to 0.118 ± 0.010 and 0.120 ± ± 0.114 mV, vector of Ton - accordingly to 0.212 ± 0.29 and 0.301 ± 0.065 mV, and also vector of S accordingly to 0.558 ± 0.079 and 0.543 ± 0.048 mV. It is necessary to
mark that at such terms an experiment indexes of ECG at a zebytypes cattle is characterized the less changes of size ofvectors as compared to the imported breeds of animals.
Undertaken studies allowed to trace the pedigree feature of bioelectric activity of heart for the cows of different breeds at different temperature intervals, and also to set conformity to law of these changes. Thus, the cows
of different breeds at influence of different temperatures have unidirectional functional changes in the operation of heart. At the same time, we will mark that these
changes are less expressed for the cows of the improved zebytypes cattle, what for the cows of imported breeds (blackly-pied, brown Latvian).
References:
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