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Section APPLIED ANTHROPOLOGY
Section APPLIED ANTHROPOLOGY
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SPATIAL POSITION OF THE TORSO, PELVIS AND FOOT IN THE MALE ELITE ATHLETES OF DIFFERENT SPORTS
Abramova Tamara1, Nikitina Tatjana1, Kochetkova Natalja1, Giljarova Olga1,2
1Federal Scientific Centre of Physical Culture and Sport, Moscow, Russia
2Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, LLomonosov Moscow State University,
Moscow, Russia
Characteristics of the musculoskeletal system in 231 elite male athletes from 11 Olympic sports, age of 19-36 were investigated. The purpose of research is to study type-specific traits of the spatial position of torso, pelvis and foot in elite athletes men specializing in different kinds of sport with the use of modern quantitative methods. The methods included computer optical topography (1994, Novosibirsk). Disorders of orientation and shape of the body sagittal, front and horizontal planes, the frequency of local deviations in posture from the norm were determined. Characteristics of the position and arch of the foot were determined by a computer complex "Diasled-Scan". The type-specific risks of incorrect posture and foot related to sports specialization were identified. It was shown that the deviation of the spatial orientation and shape of the body, the position of the foot setting were correlated under the intense muscular activity; they have an influence on the increase of the evolutionarily formed functional asymmetry in humans, aggravated by strenuous physical activity. Main motor stereotype, in a long-accented training process, forms a specific muscle profile with the imbalance of the paired torso muscle groups, and the agonists-antagonists muscles of the lower limbs and trunk. Most general and essential posture indicators in the total subpopulation of athletes are the round or round-shouldered back, a left-side curvature of the spine in chest department and a right-hand twisting of a trunk towards pelvis. Common positions of violations are supplemented with the type-specific changes, particularly in sports, both "symmetric", and "asymmetric" in terms of biomechanics of the competitive exercise: archery, cross-country skiing, biathlon, curling. Positional settings stop athletes characterized mainly by valgus-varus of the left-right asymmetry from a greater support on the left foot that is a direct projection of the left-hand shift of the spinal processes with right-to-torso twisting.
Key words: musculoskeletal system, posture, foot, elite athletes
Contact information: Abramova Tamara, e-mail: [email protected].
THE CHALLENGES OF THE EXCAVATION PROCESS OF WELLS USED AS BURIAL FEATURES IN CYPRUS. DEALING WITH THE RECOVERY OF HUMAN REMAINS
Baranhan Gulseren, Hartsioti Sophia
Committee on Missing Persons in Cyprus, 'Bi-CommunalForensic Team", Cyprus
The principal objective of this paper is to demonstrate the challenges of locating, excavating and recovering human remains from wells, one of the most common burial features that the Committee on Missing Persons in Cyprus (CMP) is dealing with. The frequency of burials in wells can be explained by the little amount of time and effort needed in burying the bodies since they already exist and are not distinguishable from the surrounding environment. For our purpose, wells are divided in two main categories, those that are open and the filled ones. While the open wells are visible and easy to find, special methods need to be applied in order to locate the filled ones. In both situations, the scientists have to deal with the depth of the wells. That is
Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Series 23 ANTHROPOLOGIYA — 3/2014
19th Congress of the European Anthropological Association Lomonosov MSU, Moscow, Russia, 25th - 29th August, 2014
