CC BY
5
Eralieva D. teacher
Uzbek language and literature Namangan region national center for training pedagogies in new methodologies
"BOBURNOMA" IS A PROSAIC WORK
Annotation: Babur is one of the great characters of Asiatic history. Boburnoma is a magnificent contribution to the field of literature. Boburnoma is exceptional and beautiful. The style of Boburnoma is plain, lively and of matter of facts. As a piece of history Boburnoma has no equals and as a piece of literature, is has a unique place. This article says us that the Boburnoma which stands higher than most of the autobiographies, the world literature has ever producted.
Keywords: composition, image, character, soul, wonderings, a noble person.
It may have a plot line, elements of composition, and dramatic conflicts. Most importantly, this work depicts people, their true portraits, character and characteristics. In the process of consistently interpreting the events of his life, Babur used the external portraits, behavior, and actions of his contemporaries of great statesmen, Timurid rulers, begs and officials, writers and poets, artists and calligraphers who lived in Ferghana, Movarunnahr and Khurasan at the end of the 15th century and the beginning of the 16th century. -describes his character, work and actions, important and characteristic features, positions he held in the life of the society. So, in "Boburnoma" we can see a number of people's images. They even revolve around a specific character in the work - Babur's own image. The character and characteristics of Babur, who is the soul of the work, his central image, his attitude to people, the events and events surrounding him, connect all the events in the work together, provide unity. In the work, Babur does not list his portrait and behavior one by one, as he describes others. We meet Babur as an active participant in all the events described in the work, sometimes in the whirlwind of battles, sometimes in long wanderings, sometimes on literary and creative work, in literary conversations, sometimes in parties and pleasure meetings, in cheerful banter with his friends, it appears in hunting scenes, sometimes in conversations with builders, stonemasons, and in various other scenes. In these manifestations, he is depicted with his victories and defeats, achievements and failures, wisdom and mistakes, struggles and pleasures, advances and retreats, joys and sorrows, pains and sufferings, oppressions and blessings, moods of joy and despair, and other personality traits. An entrepreneur, careful and dexterous commander who takes care of his army, young men and servants, who skillfully formulates strategic plans, taking into account the strengths and weaknesses of the enemies: to establish strong discipline among the troops gathered in the hands of certain military aristocrats and often traitors to the chief ruler, during the battle their a strong leader who manages to ensure that he
acts according to a certain order: a quick-witted person who does not lose his temper even in desperate situations; a noble person who sacrifices his own pleasure for the sake of his loved ones and servants; a strong-willed person who is not afraid of any difficulties in realizing the goals he has set for himself, and fights steadfastly for these goals until the end; a brave man who honestly admits his mistakes and shortcomings and draws appropriate conclusions from them; a cheerful person who loves nature and life and promotes its enjoyment; a patient who deeply feels the consequences of things going wrong and the shattering of his ideals, living with anguish and pain; a talented poet and literary critic who has deeply mastered Uzbek and Persian-Tajik literature, who has strongly evaluated the work of poets of his time, and who himself has created wonderful works that are ideologically and artistically in harmony with Navoi's ghazals; an objective historian who honestly reveals the socio-political events of the period, especially the wars and robberies that broke out between the Timurid princes and their consequences; A senior scientist who impartially observes the lifestyle, customs, language, geographical location, climate, fauna and flora of the peoples living in Central Asia, Afghanistan and India; a fan of culture who fondly appreciates people of science and art; the owner of virtues that value moral categories such as friendship-loyalty, correctness, honesty; a professional who can both punish and pardon the caught criminals depending on the circumstances; He is not only a conqueror, but a person who strives to create a centralized feudal state, who tries to introduce relative order in the chaos of his time, who cares for the well-being of cities and villages, grows out of major historical events. Among these many features that define Babur's portrait and character, preserving the Timurid dynasty, breaking the resistance of petty feuding feudal lords, uniting them, and creating a politically and economically strong state stand out as the main people. In these battles, he stands out as a brave, courageous, trained warrior, a talented general. Babur, who was forced to pick up a sword from a young age, learned the art of war from the hard school of life and mastered it perfectly. He personally sets an example to others with his bravery and fearlessness in battles, inspires warriors to victory. Describing the battle that took place on one of the winter days, he writes: "Muhammad Ali Mubashshirbek was one of my new followers. He was a brave and capable, good young man. I was coming. Aksar's coat was gone. A couple of shots were fired. Ahmad Yusufbek tried hard and always said that we will go in naked, I saw two or three bullets that went through your head. I told you to be brave, I've had a lot of bad things happen to me."
There was no end to Babur's bravery. There were times when he even fought with two or three men and won. Babur received great respect among the warriors because he took care of his servants, went through all the hardships and hardships with them as in his ordinary battle, walked on foot, climbed rocks, waded through water, shared the hardships of the journey, and endured the pain of extreme cold and heat. gains confidence and is able to establish strong discipline. He will severely punish the oppressors and robbers who oppress the people. While narrating the events of 902 Hijri (1496-1597 AD), he writes: "When Yom was in
the middle of the month, the town had a large bazaar and a bazaar, and they were in the bazaar of Ordu, and they were doing business and courting. There was a commotion among the worshipers, and these Muslims looted. I was in Cherikzabti this career, I became a decree, they will not spare the aspect of the country to anyone and burn it all. I didn't have a single piece of clothing, not even a thread or a broken needle was left in the marrow. Babur established such a discipline, or in another place, while describing the incident in the Aksaroy steppe in Afghanistan, he writes: "This country migrated and landed in the Aksaroy steppe near Karabakh. The people who were used to tyranny and oppression during Hisravshah's reign began to oppress others. In the end, Saidim Ali, a good servant of the porter, took a jar of oil from someone and brought it to the door for a drink, and I beat it with a stick, a bullet came out under the stick, and all these politicians were crushed." Another example: "We came to the border of Sindh for three days. After three days, we left the river Sindh towards Pirkonu's tomb and came to Pirkonu's tomb. I bribed some of Cherik's ministers for political reasons. This tomb is the most respected tomb in India." Many such examples can be cited. Babur canceled the stamp tax levied on people by his special decree of 1525 (932 Hijri) in order to ease the taxes on the people. Provides funds for the repair of water structures in the Treasury and several provinces of Afghanistan. He starts big construction works in the cities of Kabul, Delhi, Agra, on the banks of the river John. Although he was the ruler of India for a short time, he managed to accomplish many things. Babur himself writes about this: "I always remembered that one of the great faults of India is that it does not have running water. Wherever there is killing, wheels can be built, flowing water can be made, and historical and black lands can be made. A few days after coming to Ogra, we followed this advice and considered the garden lands. The ugliness of this land came out of his unconscious mind. There was no other open ground in Ogra, and after a few days it became necessary and a bullet hole was placed here. He is a great chokhkim, and he has become like bath water. Again, this piece is surrounded by erkim, ambuli trees, and especially the river, after which it became a large pond and a scene. After that, there was a pool and a hall in front of the stone building. After Andin, there were "Khilvatkhana" gardens and houses. And then there was a bath. Kindergartens and kindergartens appeared in the Indian language. In every corner, there were suitable flowers, beautiful flowers and nastarins were arranged and perfect. He did such work in many places in Afghanistan and India. But Babur's character is full of strong contradictions and contradictions.
These conflicts arose from the conflicts between the poet and scholar Babur and the king Babur. Babur, a representative of the feudal class, oppresses the country as a political measure to consolidate his power. He attacks the entire tribes, especially the property of the tribes who disobeyed and fought for their freedom and freedom, exterminated many of them, and built towers like his grandfather Temur. Sometimes he imposes heavy taxes on the head of the people, which makes him desolate. He will divide the provinces and cities he has won to
his sons and noble officials. As I ordered, the pilgrims stood far from the julya, they said a few blessings, there was no special movement at the grave, when I went, they broke the julya and built a dome over the grave. This action was banned under the threat of mujavirs. Such views are reflected in his attitude towards astrologers. All these, of course, are not accidental, but advanced ideas closely connected with one or another concept of religion, with anti-clerical motives expressed in the poet's lyrics in relation to ignorant priests. They are an important aspect of Babur's character. Thus, Babur's own portrait and character, characteristics were shown with his multifaceted signs, positive and negative aspects against the background of all the historical events described in his work.
References:
1. Boburnoma. Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, 1960. -B. 62-63.
2. Jena Krusnachandra. Baburnama and Babur. Delhi, 1978.
3. Laf Muni. Babar. Life and Times, New Delhi, 1977.
4. Lamb H.A. Babur the Tiger, first of the Great Moguls, etc., London, 1962.
5. Nath R. India as seen by Babur, New Delhi, 1996.
6. Gaibullah al-Salam, Nematullah Otajon, Jahangashta "Boburnoma", Tashkent, 1996
7. Grenard Fernand, Baber, fondateur de liempire des Indes, 1483-1530, Paris, 1930, Grenard Fernand, Babur. Prepared by Orhan Yuksel, Istanbul, 1971.
8. Kholbekov M. Babur in Farangistan. Literary and Art Newspaper of Uzbekistan, October 19, 1990.
9. Muni Lal. Last trip. Uzbekistan literature and art newspaper, 1990.
10. T. Saydaliev. Translation and poetic arts. World literature, 2008.
