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500 mg/kg bw. The inhibition of a-amylase activity by PCT and acarbose standard was dose-dependent from 0.2 to 1.0 mg/ml. The highest a-amylase inhibition was observed at 1.0 mg/ml of PCT, which was 20.63%, where acarbose standard with the similar concentration only showed 14.30% inhibition of a-amylase. The in vivo study showed that PCT at 500 mg/kg bw decreased the blood glucose level in alloxan-induced diabetic mice, and its efficacy was comparable to metformin
at 100 mg/kg bw. PCT (100 and 500 mg/kg bw) also significantly modulated the expression of diabetes-related genes (P < 0.05). In adipose and skeletal muscle tissues, PCT upregulated the expression of PPARy and Tcf7l2 genes, meanwhile MCP-1 gene expression was downregulated. In the pancreas, PCT upregulated the expression of Glut2, Capn10, and Tcf7l2 genes. These results indicate that PCT has antidiabetic potential for management of type 2 diabetes.
IN VITRO ANTIOBESITY AND ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITIES OF ACTIVE FRACTIONS FROM ZANTHOXYLUM ACANTHOPODIUM FRUITS
© Yanti12, Riyardi Wijaya Limas2, Yenny Novita2
1 Food Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University, Jakarta, Indonesia;
2 Biology Program, Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University, Jakarta, Indonesia
Therapeutic strategy using spice-derived compounds which are naturally occurring phytochemicals and biomolecules may elicit anti-obesity and anti-diabetic properties. In this study, Zanthoxylum acanthopodium, known as lemon pepper, was isolated for its active fractions (protein, polysaccharide, polyphenol, and essential oil) and investigated for its actions for treatment of obesity and diabetes via regulating the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators and lipogenic proteins in cell culture system of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes and Chang hepatocytes in vitro. In obesity system, ELISA profiles showed that protein fraction from lemon pepper at 1-100 ig/ml significanlty increased up to 140% of adiponectin level in 3T3-L1 adipocytes compared to the untreated cells. Protein fraction at various concentrations (1-100 ig/ml) also attenuated the expression of leptin and interleukin (IL)-6 proteins up to 30% in cells, indicating that it may be potential as antiobesity candidate by reducing and regulating caloric intake,
body weight, and lipid metabolism. In diabetic system, ELISA profiles demonstrated that all lemon pepper fractions, including protein and polysaccharide fractions at 1-100 ig/ml, polyphenol and essential oil fractions at 1-25 ig/ml, effectively reduced the expression of C-reactive protein (CRP) level up to 25% in the dose-dependent manner in Chang cells. CRP is known as one of the inflammatory factors produced by liver in an acute phase of inflammation and its concentration can increase in plasma. Meanwhile, polysaccharide (1-100 ig/ml) and polyphenol fractions (1 -25 ig/ml) were found to be active on inhibiting tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 levels at range of 20-45% compared to untreated Chang cells. Both TNF-a and MCP-1 are recognized as pro-inflammatory cytokines in obesity-related diseases. Therefore, selected fractions from Z. acanthopodium may possess antiobesity and antidiabetic potentials on hepatocytes and adipocytes in vitro.
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT OF ANTHOCYANIN EXTRACTED FROM CLITORIA TERNATEA BLUE POWER PETAL IN CARRAGENAN-INDUCED RAT PAW EDEMA
© Yanti123, Yoseph Toni Wijaya2, Adi Yulandi23, Agustin Wydia Gunawan3, Devi Anggraini Ngandiri3, Dina Sabella3
1 Food Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University, Jakarta, Indonesia;
2 Master of Science in Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University, Jakarta, Indonesia;
3 Biology Program, Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University, Jakarta, Indonesia
Inflammation therapeutics could be targeted by non- of these drugs have been increasing. This study was steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), however, aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of several gastrointestinal side effects caused by the use anthocyanin fraction isolated from Clitoria ternatea blue
Obzory po kliniceskoj farmacologii i lekarstvennoj terapii [Reviews of clinical pharmacology and drug therapy]
vol. 15/2017/suppLeMEnT 1
flower petal (CTAF) on modulating gene expressions of pro-inflammatory mediators (myeloperoxidase/MPO, microsomal prostaglandin E synthase type 2/mPGES2, cyclooxygenase-1/COX-2, and inducible nitric oxyde syntase/iNOS) and their signaling pathways of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) in carragenan-induced rat paw edema in vivo. CTAF was extracted using solvent mixture of MeOH/acetone/H2O, followed by concentration, freeze drying, and quantification. CTAF was prepared on various doses (100-250, and 500 mg/kg bw) and given orally to Sprague-Dawley rats for 7 days. In vivo edema model was performed by injecting carrageenan into rat paw. The increasing of paw volume was measured after injection (1-5 hours), and the edema paw was
further collected to determine the action of CTAF on attenuating gene expression by quantitative Real Time-PCR. Our results demonstrated that rat paw volume increased until 3rd hours and decreased up to 27% at 5th hours after carragenan injection (p < 0.05). CTAF at 100 mg/kg bw showed similar inhibitory effect on reducing rat edema with ibuprofen standard (15 mg/kg bw). CTAF significantly reduced the gene expression of pro-inflammatory mediators, including MPO, mPGES2, COX-2, and iNOS. This gene inhibition was found to be mediated by MAPK and PI3K signaling pathways. Interestingly, CTAF efficacy is similar to NSAID drug of ibuprofen. Therefore, CTAF may offer a potential natural anti-inflammatory candidate from plants for management of inflammation-related diseases.
WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF PHLOMIS VISCOSA
© Ludmila Yarmolinsky1, Arie Budovsky2, Shimon Ben-Shabat3, Leonid Yarmolinsky4
1 Eastern R&D Center, Kiryat Arba, Israel;
2 Technological Center, Biotechnology Unit, Beer Sheva, Israel;
3 Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel;
4 Arnie Miller Lab, Beer-Sheva, Israel
Pro-wound healing properties of the ethanol extract from Phlomis viscosa Poiret from the Judea region (Israel) were reported on the basis of using both in vivo and in vitro models [1]. Preparation of cream formulation containing of P. viscosa extract was performed. Aim of the present study was to identify bioactive compounds including volatile terpenes.
Different parts of the examined plant (leaves, stems, flowers) were investigated by us using GS-MS, a Varian CP 3800 GS-MS analytical system. In addition, the analytical library (NIST standard reference database) was applied. The majority of compounds were present in leaves in accordance with the observation that the best pro-wound healing properties belonged to the ethanol extract prepared from P. viscosa leaves [1]. The following compounds were identified in the leaves: Isovaleraldehyde, 2,4-hexadienal, 2-hexenal, alpha-terpinene, 1-octen-3-ol, and himachala-2,4-diene.
We purified the active pro-wound healing compounds from this plant as described previously [2]. By using the Micro HPLC-ESI/MS and Orbitrap-based mass spectrometry and comparison with selected standards,
we confirmed the presence of diosmin in the active fraction of the extract.
Although the medicinal properties and constituents of the majority of species of the genus Phlomis are well known [3], those of P. viscosa were not investigated in depth so far. Thus, identification of additional pro-wound healing compounds is the major priority of our future research. In conclusion, the extract of P. viscosa is a rich source of new pro-wound healing compounds with potential of serving as a starting point for developing new therapeutic agents.
References:
1. Budovsky A, Shteinberg A, Maor H, Duman O, Yanai H, Wolfson M, Fraifeld VE. 2014. Rejuvenation Res. 17(2):134-139.
2. Yarmolinsky L, Huleihel M, Zaccai M, Ben-Shabat S. 2012. Fitoterapia. 83:362-367.
3. Amor ALB, Boubaker J, Sgaier MB, Skandrani I, Bhouri W, Neffati A, Kilani S, Bouhlel I, Ghedira K, Chekir-Ghedira L. 2009. J Ethnopharmacol. 125: 183-202.
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