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Tovashov R.Kh. Senior Lecturer, PhD, Department of General technical sciences, Karshi engineering-economic institute, Karshi, Republic of Uzbekistan Ashurov B. Assistant,
Department of General technical sciences, Karshi engineering-economic institute, Karshi, Republic of Uzbekistan Товашов Р.X. старший преподаватель, PhD, кафедра общих технических наук, Каршинский инженерно-экономический институт, Карши, Республика Узбекистан
Ашуров Б. ассистент,
кафедра общих технических наук, Каршинский инженерно-экономический институт, Карши, Республика Узбекистан E-mail: rmaxamov@mail.ru
Analysis of the working bodies of the ridger Анализ рабочих органов гребнеобразователя
Abstract: This article gives you a brief overview on fraudulent construction and technology. The analysis of the canals formed by these working bodies is divided into groups according to their shape. As a result, a semi-flat disk-shaped working body was selected as the most suitable working body.
Аннотация: В этой статье дается краткий обзор мошеннических конструкций и технологий. Анализ каналов, образованных этими рабочими органами, разделен на группы по их форме. В результате был выбран полуплоский дисковидный рабочий орган как наиболее подходящий рабочий орган.
Keywords: corpus; spherical disk; ridge; soil; plowing.
Ключевые слова: корпус; сферический диск; гребень; почва; вспашка.
Introduction. Currently, the yield of cereals is 7-15 quintals per hectare. However, experiments have shown that 15-25 quintals of grain per hectare can be obtained if agrotechnical measures are applied correctly. This means that although there are opportunities to get high yields from dry lands, but the productivity in production is very low. Based on this, in the spring when the sloping lands are not sufficiently covered with vegetation, strong raindrops break down the soil aggregates and turn them into mud, and the resulting mud closes the small capillary tubes in the soil, which weakens the water permeability of the soil. appears. This causes water erosion and as a result causes the erosion of the highly fertile layer of soil [1]. The yield of spontaneous crops decreases sharply in eroded soils. This suggests that work to increase soil fertility in dry lands should be aimed at maintaining soil moisture and preventing erosion [2, 3].
Methods. In many cases, insufficient consideration of the specific requirements for tillage in sloping fields leads to the occurrence of erosion processes in the cultivated areas [4]. In preventing the process of erosion on sloping areas, it is important to choose the optimal system of tillage. According to scientific research on protection of soil from water erosion, it is preferable to use relief methods that retain water flow on the soil surface, including the use of ridge treads, ditches, ditches and similar methods. In the complex of protection of soil from water erosion, working bodies are used, which ensure the formation of ditches and ditches at the same time as tillage without tilting, keeping the surface of the soil.
Results. The shape of the surface of the cross-section of the groove can be rectangular, triangular, part of a circle or paraboloidal views. These forms depend on the type of workpiece that performs this operation. Typically, in the ground, rectangular grooves are formed by plug bodies, triangular grooves are formed by means of openers, and paraboloid-shaped grooves are formed by spherical discs [5].
When forming triangular-shaped ditches using ditches and ridges, ridges are
formed on both sides. This does not allow the working body to be placed to one side at all times, both on and off the unit.
Rotating plug housings can be used to form rectangular grooves, taking into account the formation of a ridge on one side during both the return and return of the unit. Scientific research on the creation of rotating plug bodies has been conducted by researchers around the world.
In particular, Miltsev A.I. and others developed the plug housing. The proposed plug housing (Fig. 1) consists of 2 rotating handles 1 with a rotating mechanism mounted on the frame 3, a lemex 4 with two nozzles attached to the handle and a flip 6, a parabola-shaped field 7 and an edge 8 [6].
Mertsedin G.R. designed by the plug body. The proposed plug body includes a handle, overturner, symmetrical lemex, field board, side lemex, rotating hinge of the plug body, control lever lock and extensions [7].
Kazakevich P.P. and others developed the plug housing. The plug body (Fig. 2) includes a handle 1 in the form of a set of springs. A set of springs with short ends 2 is fastened to the bracket 6 by means of 5 bolts 3 and a plate 4 to the bracket 6. The long ends of the set of springs 1 bent downwards are fastened by means of two field boards 9 boots 8, as well as bolts 10 and lemex 11 [8].
Figure 1 — Plug corpus
Figure 2 — Plug corpus
Pogoriliy V.V. and others developed a rotating plug. The proposed rotary plug working body consists of a lemex, a symmetrical nozzle relative to the plug body, a turntable and a field board [9].
The analysis of the above-mentioned plug housings shows that the placement of the working body on one side both during the departure and return of the unit leads to the complication of the design of the unit and an increase in metal consumption. For this reason, the use of rotary plug bodies in the formation of ditches and ditches is not advisable.
The formation of ridges with paraboloid-shaped grooves on one side is always achieved by the use of spherical disc working bodies [5]. However, the use of spherical disk working bodies in the formation of ditches and ridges when sowing is carried out simultaneously with the preparation of the soil for planting on slopes leads to disruption of the technological process.
Conclusion. In order to overcome the above shortcomings, it is advisable to prepare the pellet generator in the form of a passive semi-flat disk [10]. This reduces the distance of soil particles to the core, resulting in the formation of the required level of ridges. The cross-section of the ridge cuts the soil slab in the form of an ellipse and turns it sideways. In this case, firstly, a ridge is formed against water erosion, and secondly, the soil is poured on the seeds sown on the surface of the field, that is, they are buried. The formation of ditches and ridges in the sown field protects crops in sloping fields from water erosion processes.
References
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