CC BY
163TECHNICAL SCIENCES
ANALYSIS OF NETWORK EMULATION AND SIMULATION SOFTWARE
Matkurbanov D.,
assistant, Rakhimjanov K.
assistant,
Tashkent University of Information Technologies named after Muhammad al-Khwarizmi
ABSTRACT
Emulation and simulation are an integral part of student learning in the modern world. The study of theory must always be backed up by practice, because without practical knowledge it is impossible to build a working topology and work properly with high-tech devices. However, not everyone is able to work with real topologies and devices, so network emulators and simulator programs are becoming more common today. In this article, we will look at the types and capabilities of emulators and simulators and conclude which one is the best among them.
Keywords: emulation, simulation, network, network topologies.
Introduction. The growing demand for the Internet from year to year requires analyzing and finding solutions to the problems associated with Internet-enabled technologies, their topologies, high-speed provisioning, and packet loss and latency reduction in the network. The use of a real-time network in the study of problems with the network and the traffic passing through it, in which various tests and experiments are carried out, is not economically and efficiently acceptable, because in a real network any test required at any time cannot be done. In this case, it is advisable to build a network based on different topologies, using a network modeling emulator or simulator software that allows you to fully analyze the different volumes of traffic passing through it.
Modeling of data networks is the study of the shortcomings of existing networks, the artificial creation of potential problems with the transmitted traffic on the network and the study of their consequences and measures against them, the maximum use of network devices in the laboratory. allows you to test by creating heavy working conditions and loads.
The use of simulation and emulation software in data network modeling is an ideal solution for both new network design and network learning for learners.
Network emulation and simulation systems
Cisco Packet Trace
Emulation is the process of running a program or system (not a small part of it) while retaining its basic features and operating principles. Emulation executes program code in an environment that is typical for that code, consisting of components of the object being emulated. Unlike simulation, which involves simulating the operation of a system and its interface, "emulation" means creating a specific model of a device. All major components of the device are emulated, including the processor, memory, and I / O devices. Because the processor is also emulated, the processor does not have to be the same as the host system (emulation device) in the guest system (the emulated device).
Simulation is the running of the original program only in virtual form on the basis of a special program. As a rule, a software simulator is an imitation of a special feature, feature or function of a simulation program. However, in this case, not in full, but only as part of the tasks set by the simulator. You look like you're working in a real program, but the functionality is completely or almost completely "fake", as a rule, what is written is completely different from the original (for example, in another programming language). However, in the process of working in the simulator, you understand the program's response to your actions as running in the original program. Let's look at specific simulation and emulation programs.
network simulator
Figure 1. Cisco Packet Tracer's interface
This simulator is available for both Windows and Linux, and is free for students at Cisco Networking Academy.
Cisco Packet Tracer is a simulator developed by Cisco Systems to train young professionals. Packet Tracer is popular because it is used to train within the Cisco Network Academy, which trains thousands of young professionals each year. The creation of the network infrastructure and its subsequent modification is done through a graphical interface. This graphical interface is intuitive and the most convenient of the networking software tools we are considering. The interface is well-suited for beginners and greatly simplifies the start-up and configuration process required to create new network infrastructures or conduct service hands-on training.
GNS3 (Graphical Network Simulator 3) is a free, independent software emulator for Cisco routers. GNS3 is supported by many operating systems - Linux, Windows and MacOS X, but this software emulator allows you to emulate the hardware part of Cisco routers, for which it loads and uses the image of a real Cisco IOS operating system. GNS3 is a graphical shell that combines various software emulation tools. The graphical interface in emulation is not suitable for young professionals, it is designed for those who have more experience with emulation tools, network devices and are familiar with the basic principles of operation of network devices. However, the availability of graphical management tools makes it easier to create a network infrastructure and make it easier to work with.
GNS3 includes three separate software emulators. The first of these is Dynamips. Many network technol-
The main purpose of the Packet Tracer simulator is to conduct practical work on creating virtual networks to prepare for the CCNA (Cisco Certified Network Associate) and CCNA Security (Cisco Certified Network Associate Security) certified exams. In addition to standard routers and switches, Packet Tracer also supports emulation of servers with IP telephony, wireless access points, and a standard set of services. Packet Tracer is equipped with many tools that simplify the study of the operation of the network infrastructure, including sniffers - they allow you to get complete information about all the blocks of data transmitted to a particular device; network traffic generators - allows you to create artificial loads; data flow tools - allow you to track the sequence of routes of any packet in the network or the process of changing the packet as it passes through different devices.
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ogy experts use Dynamips only in the GNS3 environment, as there is no need to work with configuration files and command lines. The second is Qemu, which allows it to emulate the Cisco PIX and ASA firewalls and the Cisco IPS system to prevent intrusion, in addition to supporting data on devices that are associated with GNS3 security on network infrastructures. expands opportunities for training in the field. The third element is the VirtualBox virtualization system, which allows you to integrate virtual servers or virtual PCs into devices that emulate the network infrastructure. Virtual servers and computers allow for a more accurate real-time information infrastructure, which allows for more technology to be explored. GNS3 is very demanding on the resources of emulation systems.
In GNS3, hands-on training can be done in artificially created segments of the network, but not in real-world infrastructure versions.
GNS3 network emulator
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Figure 2. GNS3's interface
Cisco (VIRL) network emulator
Figure 3. VIRL's interface
Cisco (VIRL) is a software device developed by Cisco to create and run a network modeled without the need for physical hardware.
VIRL is an OpenStack-based platform that launches images of IOSv, IOSvL2, IOS XRv, NX-OSv, CSR1000v, and ASAv applications on the built-in hy-pervisor. When using the VM Maestro interface, VIRL provides scalability and scalability of the network environment to be designed and modeled. In recent years, there has been an increase in the development and refinement of browser-based operations using HTML5. VIRL also has a wide range of integration capabilities
with extraneous virtual applications, including Juniper, Palo Alto Networks, Fortinet, F5 BigIP, Extreme Networks, Arista, Alcatel, Citrix, and more. VIRL comes with full legal and licensed images of Cisco IOS, just like real routers. You will be given the opportunity to switch to functions at once and focus on checking what is needed. This is a necessary feature for network engineers, allowing them to set up a time environment to search for commands and test specific functions. If the network topology is built from scratch or a working environment layout is created, manual IP addressing is recommended.
UNetLab network emulator
Figure 4. UNetLab's interface
Unified Networkin Lab (UnetLab, UNL) is a network emulator that represents a multi-user platform for modeling and creating virtual networks, various laboratories that support a large list of telecommunications devices. In this way, the conceptual novelty of UNetLab is that it allows applications to be run and used between different platforms and devices from different vendors.
Currently, the UNetLab emulator is not only a platform for modeling virtual networks, but also a tool for preparing for various Cisconi certifications (both
for new students in CCNA / CCNP, and for professionals preparing for CCIE Routing and Switching, CCIE Security, etc.). UNL is also used in network engineering, including systematic approaches to troubleshooting. The UNetLab project was launched in March 2014, but in a short period of time it has become a serious competitor to popular emulators such as GNS3 and Cis-coPacketTracer due to a number of advantages in its warehouse.
The use of this approach allows UNL to move away from the concept of using autonomous virtual machines to emulate the network devices needed and create digital network labs based on IOU / IOL, more than twenty Dynamips applications, and QEMU nodes. This allows you to combine all the necessary software modules and scripts into one file within a single platform. The advantage of the UNetLab emulator is that it is absolutely free and therefore can be used not only for commercial purposes, but also for training by ordinary
users. Among the advantages is the ability to run countless types of devices (routers, switches, security devices, etc.), the number of devices is limited only by the hardware capabilities of the work environment.
Based on the analysis of all the above programs, it is clear that UNetLab has the advantage of free, as well as great functionality, the ability to support a large number of emulated devices and the creation of test stands for network devices in the design of computer networks. convenience indicates that you must select UNetLab.
ns-3 network simulator
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Figure 5. interface of ns-3
The ns-3 simulator is a discrete event network simulator mainly used for research and use for educational purposes. ns-3 is based on open source, which began development in 2006.
ns-3 has the following features:
- ns-3 has open source software, the project supports open source maintenance.
- ns-3 is not compatible with older version ns-2. Although the simulators are written in C ++, the new version does not support the APIs of ns-2.
The ns-3 simulator is designed to provide an open scalable platform for network modeling, network research and training. The ns-3 packet provides models of how data networks are implemented and operated, and provides the user with a simulation engine to conduct simulation experiments. The reasons for using ns-3 are, if necessary, the ability to conduct research that is difficult or impossible to perform in a real system, to study the behavior of the system in a highly controlled environment, in a working environment.
Users feel that the set of models provided by ns-3 is aimed at modeling Internet protocols and network
operations, but, ns-3 is not limited to Internet systems, some users use ns-3 systems that are not related to Internet technologies can also model.
There are many types of network modeling tools available. Below, we compare how ns-3 differs from them.
• The ns-3 is designed as a collection of libraries that can be merged, as well as libraries of other software that can be merged. While some modeling platforms provide users with a single integrated environment with a graphical interface, the ns-3 is much more modular than them. Several external animators, data analyzers, and visualization tools can use ns-3. However, users will need to work with the command line and tools running in C ++ and / or Python.
• ns-3 is typically used on Linux or macOS, but can also be used on the Windows platform via BSD and Windows Subsystem.
• ns-3 is not officially supported by any company. ns-3 support is provided by referring to the ns-3 user forum ([email protected]).
EVE-NG network emulator
Figure 6. EVE-NG's interface
EVE-NG (Emulated Virtual Environment - Next Generation) is the next generation virtual environment of emulation. It allows you to create a complete virtual laboratory, providing network devices and software from the world's leading manufacturers.
What is EVE-NG? It is based on the full and stable Vmware virtual machine Linux Ubuntu 16.04 x64. It is also possible to switch the EVE-NG directly to the kernel kernel Ubuntu 16.04 using the method selected during installation.
All emulated environments are run within this machine, and access to it is done through a simple web browser. You don't have to have this computer to do this, you can start it over a network, including the Internet.
The following is an example of running the program:
What is EVE-NG? It is based on the full and stable Vmware virtual machine Linux Ubuntu 16.04 x64. It is also possible to switch the EVE-NG directly to the kernel kernel Ubuntu 16.04 using the method selected during installation.
All emulated environments are run within this machine, and access to it is done through a simple web browser. You don't have to have this computer to do this, you can run it over a network, including the Internet.
The following is an example of running the program:
The browser allows you to visually create network topologies involving different manufacturers, launch emulated devices, connect to them via the console, and track the consumption of EVE-NG computing resources.
You can use a custom client application to connect to these devices, or use a simple HTML5 interface.
Depending on the type of device, it can be connected via telnet, RDP or VNC protocols.
Devices configured in this way can be connected to the network via SSH, telnet, HTTP, HTTS.
EVE-NG includes three main system emulations:
• Dynamips
• QEMU
• Cisco IOL
Each of them offers a number of unique opportunities and, in general, complements each other.
For example, Dynamips emulates the hardware platform of a Cisco router, and it runs a real iOS.
The IOL system is developed by Cisco and is used internally and on the Linux operating system to enable IOS virtual images.
QEMU allows you to emulate various device platforms, such as PCs, servers, and launch ready-made virtual images of a large number of network devices.
The EVE-NG virtual machine can be run on Vmware Workstation versions 11 or 12, Vmware Player 5 and above, and ESXi 5.5 and higher.
It can also be run on Mac with Vmware Fusion 5 and higher.
Boson NetSim network simulator
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Boson NetSim is an application that mimics Cisco network switches and routers. One of the distinguishing features of this modeling tool is that it comes with all the lab work developed by Boson, and there is no need to download separate files from NetSim later. All processes, such as uploading and sorting lab work, are done in the application itself. Building and uploading network topologies can be done easily in the application itself. Alternatively, you can browse and download
a topology uploaded by another member of your team. The terminal function is very realistic.
It should also be noted that Boson modeled the NetSim setting system from GNS3. Additional modules can be enabled to configure the network device. When the device is connected to the network topology, the software will ask you exactly which module you want to add.
Mininet network emulator
Figure 8. Mininet's interface
Mininet is a computer network emulator. Computer networks also include hosts, switches, routers, and OpenFlow controllers.
With a single Mininet virtual machine, you can select and place hosts, switches in any number and in different topologies using simple commands.
You can change the network configuration on all hosts, use standard utilities (ipconfig, ping) and even access the terminal.
Starting with the kernel version of Linux 2.6.24, the virtualization and isolation mechanism supports Cgroups. This mechanism allows you to provide network interfaces, routing table and ARP-table in a single
operating system. It is a type of operating system-level virtualization that allows one type of process to run in a dedicated and resource-constrained environment.
Such techniques allow Mininet to create Open-Flow controllers and hosts in a kernel environment or user switch and interact within the network being modeled. Customized Open vSwitch implementation is used as a virtual switch.
The main functionality of the minnet is developed in Python, and some utilities are written in C. Almost any topology can be described using Python-specific syntax.
IMUNES network emulator
Figure 9. IMUNES interface
IMUNES (Integrated Multiprotocol Network Emulator / Simulator) is a computer emulator network based on the FreeBSD virtual network. The most powerful dynamic routers, traffic generators, analyzers and other applications can be run within virtual nodes.
Designed for computer network research.
Developed at the University of Zagreb; Funded by the Croatian Ministry of Science and Technology.
Configuration is performed using the GUIinterface.
One of the key elements in building a virtual network is the various netgraph devices based on the FreeBSD kernel (ng_pipe, ng_hub, ng_bridge, etc.).
Imunes - Can run on FreeBSD and Linux operating systems.
The main advantages:
- real-time emulation / modeling of IP-network topologies at gigabit speeds;
- 100 to 1000 virtual nodes can be formed on a single physical device, each node can run modified UNIX applications;
- construction of large-scale architecture for large-scale experiments in real time;
- GUI: simplicity of management, automatic creation and configuration of nodes and links;
- implementation of portable experiments that are light and easy to create;
- Network stack virtualization technology at the level of FreeBSD kernel;
- Open and free basic code.
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OPNET Simulator is an open free program. Written in C ++.
OPNET is a simulation program with graphical graphical interfaces capable of continuing, updating and analyzing modeling processes in communication networks. Providing us with the program can be used to solve a number of problems, the problem is the implementation of custom communication protocols and the analysis of the communication of protocols, network optimization and design. Larger, analytical models and descriptions of protocols can be modified.
Introducing a set of different variable topologies in this application program, continuing to analyze them.
OPNET has friendly interfaces and supports IP networks well. Speeches can be purchased anywhere using the window interface. Continuation of many business operations is supported. Modeling results can be obtained in a variety of formats, including time and graphical formats.
OPNET network has advantages:
- can be in motion;
- Select GUI (user graphical interface).
- forms a network of routers, switches, servers and protocols.
eNSP simulator
Figure 11. eNSP's interface
eNSP (Entreprise Network Simulation Platform) is a network simulation software developed by Huawei. Use of the platform is free. Its graphical interface makes it absolutely easy to use.
eNSP mimics routers and switches owned by Huawei. eNSP supports large-scale network modeling and allows users to conduct experimental tests and learn network technologies without the use of real devices.
The program is designed primarily for Windows, but can also be installed on Linux using WinApps.
What sets eNSP apart from other similar programs
are:
- only installed devices are supported (AR router, switches S57 S37, WLAN divece, Firewall);
- user-friendly graphical interface;
- built-in Wireshark support;
- Ability to connect virtual devices to other applications or to a real device.
Conclusion
Teaching students around the world through emulation and simulation is becoming an integral part of modern education today. In particular, the use of emu-
lation or simulation software in modeling network topologies, learning to work on different network devices, and solving various problems in communication networks provides users with great opportunities in terms of both time and cost savings. Among the above programs are Cisco Packet Tracer, GNS3, eNSP, which are distinguished by the convenience of the graphical interface. With a bright, simple, clear, and user-friendly interface, these programs help students and independent learners explore network structure, topologies, and devices.
Suitable for those who want to gain experience and learn more about the network, such as Mininet, OPNET, UNetLab.
References
1. Razvan, Beuran Intorduction to network emulation. Taylor & Francis Group, 2012.
2. A Technical Overview // Introduction to Cisco IOS Netflow URL: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/collateral/ios-nx-os-
software/iosnetflow/prod_white_paper0900aecd80406 232.html (дата обращения: 12.06.2017).
3. Модель виртуальной сети в среде Unetlab -А.С.Волков, 2017
4. GNS3 - Графический Сетевой Симулятор // CiscoLab URL: http :// www . -ciscolab . ru / labs /40-gns 3- graficheskiy - setevoysimulyator . html
5. T. Lammsl, C. Odom, K. Wallace. CCNP routing. Laurie, 2015.
6. V.G. Olifer, N.A. Drying oil. Computer networks. Principles, technologies, protocols. Saint Petersburg: Peter, 2016.
DESIGNING AN INTERFACE FOR THE EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION AND ENERGY RESOURCES BETWEEN MOBILE DEVICES VIA MICROUSB
Rakhimjanov K.
assistant,
Tashkent University of Information Technologies named after Muhammad al-Khwarizmi
ABSTRACT
This article is for users to quickly, reliably and efficiently master the power of other mobile devices or exchange information between mobile devices to recharge their mobile devices while on the road, on the road, reading or elsewhere about designing the creation of a microUSB data exchange interface with no redundancies. Keywords: data, energy, micro USB, Type-C, USB, Wi-Fi.
Infrared transmission was very popular in the late 1990s and early 2000s. But with the development of technology, this technology has retreated to modern analogues such as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. This technology itself works through a pair of emitters in the form of an infrared LED and a photodiode-shaped receiver located on either side of the communication line. Otherwise, two-way data transmission would not be possible. Today, one-way communication of IrDA technology is used.
The main reasons for abandoning this technology were the complexity of assembling the operation of the devices, the limited space and the requirement of a pair of IR ports facing each other directly, the low data rate in the first implemented form of the standard.
Bluetooth (Bluetooth) is a wireless means of connecting mobile devices to each other. This technology is 10-100 m. allows you to exchange information remotely using radio waves. Due to the low speed of sending and receiving, it is almost never used in data transmission.
NFC (Near Field Communication) is a short-range wireless high-frequency communication technology (up to 10 cm) that can be used between devices over short distances, such as a reading terminal and a cell phone or plastic smart card allows you to communicate without touching. NFC technology is based on RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) - a technology of data transmission over a radio channel that supports both read and write data using radio signals, which are data stored on so-called transponders or RFID tags is calculated. Works as active and passive devices.
Due to the low speed of sending and receiving, it is almost never used in data transmission.
Wi-Fi is a standardized wireless data exchange technology that operates at reduced radio frequency control frequencies. Typically, a WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) is created over a Wi-Fi network. In this network, of course, it is possible to see the communication and exchange of information via high-frequency radio waves. This system is used as an extension of a wired network or as an alternative to a single
office, an entire building or an area. While Wi-Fi technology saves you money on a costly process such as unplugging thousands of cable networks, the simplicity of installation saves time on complex technical installation processes, making this network superior to other networks. Because wireless networks use radio frequencies, radio waves can pass through walls or similar barriers in a building or office in general, and nothing can interfere with it at all. Wireless networks are in themselves more reliable than cable networks. Most WLANs have a range or coverage area of 160 meters, which of course depends on the size and number of obstacles in its path. The speed of this network can be equal to or higher than that of a wired network.
Wired chargers charge mobile devices via microUSB. The charging speed of a mobile device depends mainly on the quality of the charger and the usability of the mobile device. Quality chargers are at least 10% more efficient than conventional chargers.
Wireless chargers are unique in their design. Wireless chargers work on the principle of electric induction. This is why their efficiency is much lower than that of wired devices. Also, the devices are not intended for use on any mobile device. That is, only the latest and most expensive mobile devices have such a charge.
The SHAREit mobile application is a free mobile application that allows you to exchange data between devices with Wi-Fi protocol. The program can transfer files of any type from one device to another at high speed, without requiring any mobile traffic.
The first disadvantages of the program are:
• lack of guidance;
• does not always work;
• there is a possibility of freezing;
• Restarts the connection for new submissions.
The program has the ability to transfer data of any
type and format from one device to another. They can be pictures, music, audio, video files, programs, and more. The advantages of the program are:
• high speed (20 M / s and more);
• be able to send any files;
• Ability to work on multiple platforms, etc.
