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UDC 332.12
Yarotskaya E. V.
cand. sc., professor of the department of land management and land cadastre
Shumaeva K. V. 2nd year student of the magistracy Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin
ANALYSIS OF MODERN GIS IN LAND MANAGEMENT AT MUNICIPAL AND REGIONAL
LEVELS
Abstract
The relevance of the problem is due to the inadequate functional purpose of modern information technologies in the management of land resources at the municipal and regional levels. The purpose of the article is to develop theoretical, scientific and practical aspects of information support of regional land management with the use of technological innovations. The leading approach to the study of this problem is a comparative analysis of the functions of geographical information systems in the management of land resources at the municipal and regional levels. GIS-products of Krasnodar region and Krasnodar used for the organization of the real estate cadastre are presented.
Key words: geographic information system, regional GIS, municipal GIS, land administration.
Land as a territorial basis is one of the main natural resources and the most important factor of production, which ensures the development of economic growth. One of the main goals of sustainable development of the territory is the efficiency of production, organizational and legal environment of production activities, which determines the specifics of innovation processes and has a dual impact on the dynamics of economic growth. The process of dynamic development of science and technology ensures the improvement of all aspects of production in solving socio-economic problems of enterprises at the micro, meso and macro levels, where the form of manifestation of scientific and technological progress are innovations.
For the rational management of land resources, it is necessary to choose technological innovations that can effectively maximize the production performance of the real estate cadastre and at the same time minimize resource consumption.
The main functions of land resources management are planning and forecasting of land use; information support; economic stimulation of rational use of land resources; regulatory and legal support of the land management system; organization of the territory; monitoring and protection of land. In view of this, increasing the efficiency of land management can be achieved
through the application of technological and information innovations. To date, municipal and regional GIS play a leading role in land administration.
Municipal GIS is a tool for integrated management of a set of tasks in the territory of the municipality. Regional GIS contain spatial data on the territory of subjects of the Russian Federation, Federal districts, large natural and economic areas, including nature protection zones, mineral extraction basins and other territories (water areas). Note that today there is no single information system of land management at the regional level . Therefore, it should be noted the importance of the introduction of regional GIS within each subject of the Russian Federation. As a result of the introduction of regional GIS, it is possible to solve important existing problems in the management of land resources: inconsistency of legal norms of state land management; violation of the principles of maintaining the real estate register: duplication of information, irrelevant information, lack of systematization; high risk of loss of title and documents of title; distribution of raiding, growing insecurity of land rights; aggravation of the situation with the use of land from redistribution funds, unclaimed land shares and other plots [1, p. 884].
To analyze the advantages of GIS technologies in land management, as an example, consider GIS at the regional (GIS Krasnodar region) and municipal levels (GIS Krasnodar) (table 1).
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Table-1
Comparative characteristics of GIS at the regional (Krasnodar region) and municipal (Krasnodar)
levels of land management (2018 y.)
Name GIS Description GIS
Electronic information resource public cadastral map (PCM), information online Rosreestr module that displays basic information about the property on the basis of real estate registry data
Single interdepartmental system of electronic document circulation of Executive bodies of the state power of Krasnodar region (EBSP KR) information system, coordinating the interaction of information systems of Executive bodies of state power and subordinate organizations in order to provide services in electronic form
Ö Official portal «Open budget of the Krasnodar region» statistical information system on the budget process of the region, investment policy of the region
o 'ti sa Í-H CS T3 Information-analytical system of ecological monitoring of the Krasnodar region (IA SEM KR) system for automation of the process of collection, storage, processing and presentation of information on the state of the environment, public health
g CA e a Information system The «household book» (IS «HB») information system for keeping records of information about the areas of land plots, their functional use for personal subsidiary plots
Information system of planning and monitoring of social and economic development of Krasnodar region (IS MSED KR) serves for increase of efficiency of activity of experts and the management of Executive authorities of Krasnodar Krai due to creation of the centralized data warehouse of social and economic development of the region with use of modern information technologies
The automated system of monitoring of a flood situation of Krasnodar region (AS MFS KR) platform for solving the problems of monitoring the flood situation in the region, as well as warning the population in the event of dangerous phenomena
o ig Multiservice information and communication system GIS «Krasnodar» the system of reception of information from citizens on illegal construction in the city and the development of urban infrastructure, 3D-map of the city
T3 g M A single center services (SCS) formation of a package of documents to provide services to the population in the implementation of real estate transactions
S Address register of Krasnodar city address system containing information about municipal addresses of the city with an index
Note the most appropriate GIS technologies that in the field of land management in accordance with the reflect the resource availability of spatial information territorial levels (table 2).
Table-2
Comparative information on GIS resource availability
Type Land administration functions Municipal level (the city of Krasnodar) Regional level (Krasnodar region) GIS
territorial Spatial-territorial division of land resources Municipal duty cards; PKM PKM GIS «Panorama»; GIS Ingeo; AIS JRT 363; ZuluGIS; GIS «ObjectLand»
Cadastral division of the territory PKM PKM GIS «Panorama»; AIS JRT-363; GIS Ingeo
informational Quantitative and qualitative account of land PKM; information online Rosreestr PKM; information online Rosreestr; IS «PK» GIS «Panorama»; GIS «Land and real estate»
Maintaining the address registry Address register The address register AIS JRT Monitoring; GIS «New Earth»
legal Maintenance of contracts of real rights territorial authorities of Rosreestr; MFC MFC; IS MSED KR GIS «Land and real estate»; GIS «New Earth»
record Document management in interagency cooperation ECU; MFC; territorial authorities of Rosreestr IS MSED KR; ECU; IS «HB» GIS EDC; GIS «Inform»; GIS «ObjectLand»; GIS «New Earth»
According to the presented table, it should be noted that at the municipal and regional levels in the field of land resources management there is a technological insecurity from the introduction of GIS technologies. For competent management of the automated information support of complex information it is necessary to create municipal GIS which in the subsequent will create a basis for uniform regional GIS. The region (Krasnodar region) has the potential for the development of the technological industry due to its territorial, economic, industrial and social predisposition. In turn, it is important to apply such an information system at the regional level, which will ensure the integration of spatial data with municipal (local) information systems together. A single regional GIS should display as many functions as possible in land administration to avoid searching for information on other resources and portals. It is important to note that legal information through GIS technology is not fully maintained. Previously, the request for registered rights was carried out through the AIS «Justice», however, after the reform of the state real estate cadastre and the register of rights, the information remained without control. In this case, the importance of creating a regional GIS is confirmed by the need to create information for further preservation [2, p. 134; 3, p. 341].
The transition to blockchain technologies in land management is economically attractive due to the sys-tematization and guarantee of information security for any level of management. The introduction of block-
chain technologies in the regional GIS in the management of land resources will contribute to the improvement of operational processes, such as: eliminate (minimize) the risks associated with the loss of information about real estate, registered rights; reduce the time of transactions with objects (the time of adding transactions to the block chain of events is from one minute to half an hour, which ensures the processing of transactions in real time); ensure financial «transparency» of operations in the calculation of the tax base; reduce the risk of fraud and errors in documents; increase the investment attractiveness of the region (country) [4, p. 667].
References
1. Kuptsova V.V., Limanova N.I. Information systems in the economy using blockchain technology. Samara: PGUTI, 2018. Publ, pp. 882-885.
2. Shumaeva K.V., Matveeva A.V. Improvement of land supervision under the implementation of the information system AIS «Gossannadzor» in the Krasnodar region. Krasnodar: KubSAU, 2017. Publ, pp. 132140.
3. Yarotskaya E.V., Patov A.M. Praktika prime-neniya geograficheskikh informatsionnykh sistem pri territorialnom upravlenii v Karachaevo-Cherkesskoy respublike. Tomsk, TSUAB, 2016. Publ, pp. 333-347.
4. Yarotskaya E.V., Patov A.M. Application of geographic information systems in land management and cadastre for land management at the municipal level in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic. Moscow, LLC, 2017. Publ, pp. 660-670.
УДК 332.б4
Перов А.Ю., Шумаева К.В., Ярыш С.С.
Кубанский государственный аграрный университет имени И. Т. Трубилина.
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ МЕТОДА СЕГМЕНТИРОВАНИЯ ОБЪЕКТОВ В Quantum GIS В РАМКАХ ПОДГОТОВИТЕЛЬНОГО ЭТАПА ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ КАДАСТРОВОЙ ОЦЕНКИ ЗЕМЕЛЬ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОГО НАЗНАЧЕНИЯ
Perov A.Y., Shumaeva K. V., Yarysh S.S.
Kuban state agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin.
APPLICATION OF THE METHOD OF SEGMENTING OBJECTS IN QUANTUM GIS IN THE PREPARATORY STAGE OF CARRYING OUT OF A CADASTRAL ESTIMATION
AGRICULTURAL LAND
Аннотация
Актуальность исследования заключается в возможности использования современных информационных систем в проведении кадастровой оценки земель на подготовительном уровне. Цель работы заключается в разработке алгоритма проведения подготовительного этапа государственной кадастровой оценки земель сельскохозяйственного назначения на территории Краснодарского края посредством сегментации объектов оценки в программном комплексе QGIS. Методы исследования. Экономико-статистический анализ использован при установлении основных природно-экономических характеристик объекта; расчетно-конструктивный метод при использовании расчётов и создании таблиц; балансовый метод в результате сравнения комплексов показателей, определяющих равновесие системы сбора первичной информации и варианты её обработки (анализа, подготовки, обобщения, дифференцирования). Результаты. Исследованы современные методы применения ГИС-систем при работе с кадастровыми
