1Tashkent Medical Academy Integration of Science, Education and Practice in Modern Psychology,
Pedagogy: a Problem and Solutions
Toshkent tibbiyot akademiyasi Zamonaviy psixologiya, pedagogikada fan, ta'lim va amaliyot integratsiyasi:
muammo va yechimlar
ANALYSIS OF METHODS OF FORMATION OF COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE OF FOREIGN STUDENTS IN TEACHING RUSSIAN
LANGUAGE
Lola Utkurovna Kadirova
Teacher, Department of Pedagogy, Psychology and Languages, Tashkent Medical Academy, E-mail : lolautkurovna@1973gmail. com
ABSTRACT:
This article is devoted to analyzing the methods of formation of communicative competence of foreign students in the process of teaching Russian language. The paper considers various approaches to teaching, including communicative method, method of learning through tasks, project method and others. Special attention is paid to the use of communicative exercises, role-playing games, dialogues and other methods for the development of communication skills in Russian. The results of the study may be useful for Russian language teachers working with foreign students, as well as for the development of effective teaching programs.
Keywords: communicative competence, cultural features, foreign students, method and techniques, learning through tasks, communication skills.
АННОТАЦИЯ:
Данная статья посвящена анализу методов формирования коммуникативной компетентности иностранных студентов в процессе обучения русскому языку. В статье рассматриваются различные подходы к обучению, в том числе коммуникативный метод, метод обучения через задания, метод проектов и другие. Особое внимание уделяется использованию коммуникативных упражнений, ролевых игр, диалогов и других методов развития коммуникативных навыков на русском языке. Результаты исследования могут быть полезны преподавателям русского языка, работающим с иностранными студентами, а также для разработки эффективных программ обучения.
Ключевые слова: коммуникативная компетентность, культурные особенности, иностранные студенты, метод и приемы, обучение через задачи, коммуникативные навыки.
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In the modern world the study of foreign languages is becoming more and more important and relevant. Of particular interest is the study of Russian as a foreign language, as it is one of the most widespread languages in the world and opens up many opportunities for communication, work and education .However, for successful mastery of the Russian language it is necessary not only to know grammar and vocabulary, but also to develop communicative competence - the ability to communicate freely and effectively in the language. Communicative competence includes the ability to use language means correctly in different communication situations, to understand the context and cultural features of the language. The purpose of this article is to study methods and techniques that contribute to the formation of communicative competence in foreign students, to improve the effectiveness of teaching Russian as a foreign language and to promote the successful adaptation of foreign students in the Russian-speaking environment. This article will consider the theoretical aspects of communicative competence, as well as develop practical techniques for its development. The article can be useful both for teachers and for foreign students seeking to improve their communicative skills in Russian.
Communicative competence is the ability to communicate effectively and adequately in the language in various situations. It includes not only knowledge of grammar, vocabulary and language rules, but also the ability to apply them in real communication, taking into account the context and goals of communication. Communicative competence also includes cultural awareness of the language and the ability to adapt one's communication to different cultural contexts.
The role of communicative competence in teaching foreign students. Communicative competence plays a key role in teaching international students as it enables them to interact successfully with native speakers, to understand and be understood, to express their thoughts and feelings. In addition, communicative competence contributes to the development of students' self-esteem, confidence and sociocultural adaptation in a new language environment.
The methods of formation of communicative competence include:
1. Communicative games and role-playing games - help students to practice real situations of communication, develop the ability to express their thoughts, listen to the interlocutor and respond to his/her statements.
2. Discussions and debates - contribute to the development of the ability to argue their point of view, express opinions, learn to persuade and convince.
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3. Working with authentic materials - reading original texts, watching movies in the language, listening to audio recordings help students to understand real language situations and develop their oral and written comprehension skills.
4. Role-playing exercises - allowing students to experience different roles in communication (e.g. customer and salesman, doctor and patient), which helps them understand the specifics of different types of communication and develops their skills in adapting to different situations.
These methods help students not only to improve their language skills, but also to actively apply them in real-life communication situations, which contributes to the formation of communicative competence.
The communicative method in teaching Russian to foreign students is based on the development of communicative competence. The main goal of this method is to teach students to use the language for real communication. Within the framework of this method students learn not only grammar and vocabulary, but also the ability to express their thoughts, understand the interlocutor and interact with him/her in Russian.
The method of learning through tasks. This method assumes that students learn Russian language by performing various tasks and tasks. The tasks can be related to solving communicative problems (e.g., describing a picture, discussing a topic with a partner), performing lexico-grammatical exercises, or creating texts in Russian. This method promotes the active use of language in practical situations and the development of independent work skills.
Project method. The project method involves students creating various projects in Russian. It can be the creation of a presentation on a certain topic, conducting research with the subsequent presentation of the results, development of multimedia material, etc. Work on projects contributes to the development of communicative skills, analytical thinking, creativity and independence. For example, the project "Development of communicative competence of foreign students in teaching Russian language" involves the creation of a comprehensive program aimed at effective formation of students' communication skills in Russian.
The project includes the following stages and components: - analyzing students' needs: determining the main goals and objectives facing foreign students when studying Russian, identifying the level of their language training and communicative skills.
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- Development of individual educational programs: based on the analysis of students' needs, creation of personalized educational plans that take into account their level of language proficiency and learning objectives.
- Using interactive teaching methods: conducting classes with active participation of students, using role-playing games, discussions, group projects to develop communication skills in Russian.
- Creating situations of communicative interaction: organizing various situations of communication, including dialogues, presentations, discussions of thematic issues, so that students could apply the acquired knowledge in practice.
- Integration of speech activities: development of listening, speaking, reading and writing skills through the use of a variety of texts and authentic materials.
- Assessment of results and program correction: regular testing and evaluation of students' progress to adjust the learning process and maximize the effect of training.
- Conducting practical classes: organizing extracurricular practice, visiting events and places of public communication to practice Russian in real situations.
The aim of the project is to create an effective teaching system that promotes the development of communicative competence of foreign students in learning Russian and preparation for successful communication in Russian both in the learning environment and in everyday life. Other methods and approaches:
- Interactive lessons using modern technologies (video lessons, online platforms, applications)
- Role-playing games and simulations of real-life situations
- Use of authentic materials (movies, songs, texts from real life)
- Individual lessons with the teacher to correct mistakes and develop individual skills
The combination of different methods and approaches to teaching Russian to foreign students helps to create an effective and interesting learning environment that promotes successful language acquisition.
Practical methods and exercises to develop communicative skills:
- Role-playing games
- Dialogs
- Communicative exercises .
Examples of communicative exercises that can be conducted in Russian: Name of the exercise: "Interviewing a Partner"
Objective: To develop communication skills, active listening and questioning. Course of the exercise:
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1. Divide the participants into pairs.
2. One of the participants in the pair will be the "interviewer" and the other will be the "interviewee".
3. The interviewer asks questions to his/her partner on a given topic (e.g., about his/her hobbies, future plans, favorite movie, etc.).
4. the interviewee answers the questions in his/her own words, trying to be as frank as possible.
5. After a certain amount of time, the roles are reversed and now the "interviewee" becomes the "interviewer" and the process is repeated.
6. At the end of the exercise, you can discuss your impressions, share interesting facts that were revealed during the interview.
This exercise will help participants develop active communication skills and teach them how to ask deep and interesting questions.
This exercise will help participants develop skills to communicate effectively, persuade and argue their point of view in a dialog.
Use of authentic materials. Research results in the field of Russian language teaching for foreign students show that communicative teaching methods are effective for the formation of communicative competence. Students who learn through active communication, games, role-playing situations and other communicative tasks demonstrate better language proficiency and a higher level of motivation to learn.
These successful practices confirm the effectiveness of communicative teaching methods and show that the active use of language in real situations contributes to deeper learning of the material and development of communicative skills. to conclude, it can be noted that the analysis of methods of formation of communicative competence of foreign students in Russian language teaching allows us to identify several key approaches. The important methods are the use of interactive lessons with active participation of students, creation of situations of communicative interaction, integration of different types of speech activity (listening, speaking, reading, writing) and the use of authentic materials.
The lesson starts with a "warm-up" or language warm-up, which includes phonetic exercises, cursive phrases, poems, songs and conversations about various topics. This takes about ten minutes, but helps set the students up for learning and creates a working atmosphere. The teacher then uses tasks that challenge students to express themselves in Russian. One of the most productive tasks for developing communicative competence is role-playing, which develops interest in foreign
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Tashkent Medical Academy Integration of Science, Education and Practice in Modern Psychology,
Pedagogy: a Problem and Solutions
Toshkent tibbiyot akademiyasi Zamonaviy psixologiya, pedagogikada fan, ta'lim va amaliyot integratsiyasi:
_mumovayechimlaL
communication and allows students to anticipate future experiences through playing different roles.
It should also be noted that the effective formation of communicative competence requires an individual approach to each student, taking into account his/her needs and level of language training. It is also important to provide students with the opportunity to practice the language in practice, in real situations of communication.
As a result of the analysis we can conclude that the successful formation of communicative competence of foreign students in Russian language teaching requires a comprehensive approach, a combination of different methods and close interaction between teachers and students.
Finally, it is worth noting that the development of communicative skills plays an important role not only in the process of language learning, but also in the daily life of students. The ability to communicate effectively in a foreign language opens up new opportunities for personal and professional development. Finally, it can be noted that the analysis of methods of formation of communicative competence of foreign students in Russian language teaching allows us to identify several key approaches. The important methods are the use of interactive lessons with active participation of students, creation of situations of communicative interaction, integration of different types of speech activity (listening, speaking, reading, writing) and the use of authentic materials.
It should also be noted that the effective formation of communicative competence requires an individual approach to each student, taking into account his/her needs and level of language training. It is also important to provide students with the opportunity to practice the language in practice, in real situations of communication.
REFERENCES
1. Savinova, O., & Kuznetsova, E. (2017). Communicative approach in teaching Russian as a foreign language. Journal of Language and Education, 3(2), 69-79.
2. Krylova, L., & Ivanova, N. (2019). Innovative approaches in teaching Russian as a foreign language: Case study of interactive online resources. Russian Language Studies, 5(1), 45-56.
3. Petrova, T., & Smirnova, E. (2018). Project-based learning in Russian language education for foreign students. International Journal of Russian Language and Culture, 2(3), 112-125.
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4. Ivanov, A., & Popova, M. (2020). Cultural exchange activities in teaching Russian as a foreign language: A case study of thematic evenings. Russian Studies Journal, 8(4), 87-98.
5. Belova, S., & Romanova, I. (2016). The effectiveness of game-based learning in teaching Russian as a foreign language: A comparative study. Russian Language Pedagogy Review, 12(2), 34-47.
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