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Yusupov Q. teacher
Uzbek language department Jizzakh Polytechnic Institute
AN EDUCATIONAL NOVEL IS A NEW TYPE OF NOVEL
Annotation. In this article, in the literature of the Independence period, due to the provision of freedom of creativity, many works were created in various genres about the children of scholars, great generals, wise scientists and scholars of our nation.
Key words: creativity, provision, wise scientists, Independence period, freedom.
Introduction. Including "Amir Temur" by the famous historian Borivoi Akhmedov, "Alisher Navoi" by the famous Navoi scholar Aziz Qayumov, Beruni, Zamakhshari, Khorazmi, the bride of Amir Temur by literary scholars Pirmat Shermuhammedov, Sultanbegim, the bride of Amir Temur, Shaikhzada, Zulfiya, Mirtemir, Hamid Olimjon, Gafur by Naim Karimov. His works about Ghulam, Oybek, Usman Nasir, Cholpon are among them. In these works, the conflicts between the era and the fate of the individual, science, creativity and social conditions, time are revealed through historical sources and a new, impartial interpretation of artistic works. There is a common feeling in these works that we have listed, which is "a tendency to artistic-philosophical generalization of the image of literary figures with emotional thinking". In addition, these works are significant as a synthesized type in literary studies, as they show the elements of an essay. Human qualities such as tolerance and philanthropy of such historical figures, artistic images as individuals and writers are illuminated with the help of interesting and convincing stories. The influence of the essay genre on other genres is visible in scientific and artistic research.
Essay style helps to understand the structure, style of writing, language and other artistic aspects of a number of "enlightenment" works created in the period of independence. After all, these works differ from purely artistic works written on a historical topic by their scientific exaggeration and the leadership of journalistic interpretation. Also, artistic works are based on a specific chronological system, in which the image of a specific historical and literary figure is created in a scientific and artistic aspect. In such an approach to the object of image and interpretation, the scientific potential of the author is of crucial importance. He approaches all the dates and historical facts of his hero's biography, as well as sources related to them, from a chronological point of view. At the same time, the breadth of the author's imagination, the personality of the hero and how deeply he penetrates into his creative concept determines the social weight and artistic-aesthetic value of the work. From this point of view, historical,
scientific and artistic-ideological concepts are exaggerated in the educational work. According to this aspect, educational novels appear as a unique type of this genre - novel genre. Often, the level of a national literature is determined by how developed the novel is. Until today, Uzbek novels have also taken a long path of growth. Life, times and changes in time determined its development. Because changes are widely expressed in the novel. The novel is the largest genre of the epic type. The creator has the opportunity to express in the novel the events of the universe that he has realized in his consciousness and experienced from his heart. How the events of life are expressed in the work requires that the novels be divided into historical, philosophical, political, domestic, fantastic, and detective themes. But such a type has appeared in the novel that the issues covered by it do not fit into the scope of the above thematic areas. This is an educational-biographical novel.
Essay phenomenon in epic genres caused the emergence of educational prose. This event, which also occurred in the novel, the largest genre of the epic type, determined the educational novel in the novel. Essay novels began to appear in our literature from the second half of the last century. Along with the direction of scientific and theoretical research, it is seen that the features of scientific popularity and enlightenment are the priority in them. "Hamid Olimjon", "Oybek" by N. Karimov, "Abdulla Qahhor" by O. Sharafiddinov, "Mirtemir" by Otayar, and "I came to see the sun" showed these features.
In general, the essay is a phenomenon of the combination of scientific and artistic thinking. In the essay, ideas related to the artist's creativity, personality, nature, and the process of writing his works are freely expressed. It will not be important to fully substantiate the information penned in the essay. In this sense he is free.
The essay shows the depth of emotional thinking. The influence of essays on other genres can be seen in the fact that elements of essay, memory-reminiscence, and scientific-artistic analysis are more common in prose works in recent years. This effect of the essay also motivated the emergence of educational and biographical novels.
First of all, what is the difference between a novel and what we call an educational essay-novel? "The classical novel in the literal sense is an epic genre with established, unchanging and stable leading characters. The author may not appear much in it. And in the essay-novel, the leading and stable features of the novel genre can change more vividly and freely. In it, the author's speech, point of view, and even perception are more active than the novel in general.
The West, including "in Russian literature, Radishchev's work "Fyodor Vasilievich Ushakov" created in 1789 is one of the first examples of novelized biography." Although the phenomenon of essay writing in prose in Eastern literature dates back to the 11th century (Rabguzi's "Kissasi Rabguzi"), the formation of educational-biographical novel traditions is limited to the 60s of the 20th century.
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