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Lutfullayev Sh.N.
teacher
Karshi State University
AGROTECHNOLOGICAL BASIS OF TOMATO FERTILIZER IN
KASHKADARYA
Annotation. The article describes the results of the study of the effect of different fertilizer rates on the growth, development and yield of tomato varieties Mustaqillik-28 and Volgogradsky 5/95. When fertilizers are used together at the rate of 20 t/ha of manure+N200P160K100 kg/ha, the formation of plants with a high height, strong petals and acceptable leaf level was observed in the studied tomato varieties, resulting in the highest (30 -35 t/ha and more) was achieved.
Key words: tomato varieties, fertilizer standards, growth, productivity, commodity crop, additional crop, growth, development, tomato, canning, cabbage, paste, flowering.
Relevance and necessity of the topic. Tomato is one of the leading branches of vegetable growing in the world, the cultivated area is 5.0 million hectares, and the yield is 171.0 million. tons, the main producing countries are China (52.7 million tons), India (18.7 million tons), USA (14.5 million tons), Turkey (11.9 million tons), Egypt (8.3 million tons). Tomato fruit is a favorite food of mankind, one of the main raw materials of the canning industry, and it is processed to make tomato paste, puree and juice. [2,3].
The biochemical composition of tomato fruit is variable and depends on the crop type, climate factor, fruit ripening level, harvest period, growing conditions, fertilization, irrigation method, cultivation technology [1,3,6]. About 60% of the cultivated land of our country is saline to one degree or another, which requires the use of specific melioration and agrotechnical measures, as well as the cultivation of hybrids of crops adapted to unfavorable soil conditions based on new innovative technologies.
Purpose of research: The main purpose of the study of this topic is to increase the demand of the population of the Republic for tomato products in terms of vegetable growing and policing.
Field experiments were conducted in the conditions of Usmanov Majidbek Ma'rufovich farm, Chirakchi district. Observations, measurements, analysis and calculations were carried out in the experimental plot based on generally accepted methods and recommendations, and productivity indicators were statistically processed using the Microsoft Excel program according to the dispersion analysis method [4,5].
The size of the fruit. Tomatoes weighing up to 70 g are considered to be small-fruited, medium-fruited to 70-100 g, and large-fruited to more than 100 g. It is good that the varieties of tomatoes eaten fresh are large. Small tomato
varieties suitable for canned varieties.
Growing tomatoes as a repeat crop. The results of research and the experience of production leaders have shown that it is possible to plant tomato seedlings as a repeat crop in the fields that are irrigated in the summer and autumn months in the lands freed from autumn grain and vegetable crops. According to the results of the research, tomato seedlings are grown in the open field with very little effort. Tomato seedlings are grown in small fields or fields by organizing nurseries close to the field in the conditions of planting in the open field. When seedlings grow thick, they are thinned if necessary, fed during the growth period (15-20 g of ammonium nitrate and 30-40 g of superphosphate are added to 10 l of water), watered, weeded it is cleaned, it is planted in the field after forming 4-5 cinnabars, while those grown in special cups are planted in the field after forming 6-7 cinnabars. Seedlings are planted in the field at the end of June, beginning of July, making the interstices denser (15-25 cm). Despite the fact that it is late, tomatoes can yield up to 200-300 tons per hectare.
CONCLUSION. Therefore, in the conditions of irrigated light colored gray soils of Chirakchi district, Kashkadarya region, proper selection of tomato crop varieties, optimal fertilization, and proper cultivation of the plant by supporting and cultivating, optimal leaf level, strong and productive fronds are formed, ensuring high and quality yield.
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