CC BY
19
УДК 582.29 (235.222)
E.A. Davydov1 Е.А. Давыдов
C. Printzen2 К. Принцен
ADDITioNs To THE LICHEN BioTA of ALTAI MouNTAINs (siBERIA). Ill
дополнения к видовому составу лишайников алтайской горной страны. III
Summary. Based on field trips between 1995-2007, rare and noteworthy lichens from the Altai Mountains in southern Siberia are described. Of the 20 species reported here, Mycoblastus alpinus is new for the West Siberia, 4 species - Catinaria atropurpurea, Lecanora subcarpinea, Ochrolechia arborea, Physcia alnophila and Rhizoplaca subdiscrepans are new for Altai Mts., Umbilicaria lyngei is new for Tyva Republic, and Caloplaca chrysophthalma, Heterodermiajaponica, Ochrolechia androgyna, O. turneri and Pilophorus cereolus are new for Altaisky krai (West Altai). The presence in Altai Mts. of Lecanora symmicta, Ochrolechia pallescens, Pertusaria alpina, P. amara, P. sommerfeltii and Placynthiella icmalea was confirmed using TLC. The secondary chemistry seems to be very useful to distinguish Umbilicaria decussata and U. lyngei in Altai. Whereas gyrophoric and lecanoric were revealed for U. decussata by TLC, specimens of U. lyngei represent two chemotypes: without lichen substances and containing norstictic acid.
Key words: new records, lichen, Russia, Siberia, Altaisky krai, Altai Respublic, Ochrolechia, Pertusaria, Umbilicaria decussata, U. lyngei.
Аннотация. В статье обсуждаются редкие и интересные находки лишайников, собранных авторами в 1995-2007 гг. на Алтае (Южная Сибирь). Из 20 видов один - Mycoblastus alpinus - новый для Западной Сибири, пять - Catinaria atropurpurea, Lecanora subcarpinea, Ochrolechia arborea, Physcia alnophila и Rhizoplaca subdiscrepans - новые для Алтая, Caloplaca chrysophthalma, Heterodermia japonica, Ochrolechia androgyna, O. turneri и Pilophorus cereolus - новые для Алтайского края (Западный Алтай). Обитание на Алтае Lecanora symmicta, Ochrolechia pallescens, Pertusaria alpina, P. amara, P. sommerfeltii и Placynthiella icmalea подтверждено с использованием данных тонкослойной хроматографии. Показано, что состав вторичных метаболитов надежно отличает морфологически близкие Umbilicaria decussata и U. lyngei в пределах Алтая. В талломах U. decussata методом ТСХ выявляется гирофоровая и леканоровая кислоты, в то время как U. lyngei представлена двумя хемотипами: без лишайниковых кислот и с норстиктовой кислотой.
Ключевые слова: новые находки, лишайники, Россия, Сибирь, Алтайский край, Республика Алтай, Ochrolechia, Pertusaria, Umbilicaria decussata, U. lyngei.
MATERIAL & METHoDs
This paper continues the series of publications started by E.A. Davydov (2004) and Davydov Morphological and anatomical characters
& al. (2007, 2012) on the lichen flora of the Altai were analyzed by applying standard light microscopi-
Mts. Only the Russian part of this area is considered cal methods. Secondary metabolites were identified
in this paper. Our main focus was on groups that with standard thin-layer chromatography techniques
require secondary metabolite chemistry for identifi- (Culberson & Kristinsson, 1970). Abbreviated col-
cation. Some of them were previously reported from lection data of examined specimens are provided
the Altai Mts. by Sedelnikova (1990) and Davydov for every species. Altitudes are indicated in meters
(2001), but were identified only based on morphol- above the sea level. Names of collectors were re-
ogy and results of spots tests. duced to ED and CP respectively. Voucher speci-
mens are deposited in the herbaria ALTB and FR.
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1Altai State University, Lenin Ave. 61, and Tigirek State Reserve, Nikitina str. 111; 656049, Barnaul, Russia; e-mail: [email protected]
2Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum Frankfurt, Senckenberganlage 25; D-60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; e-mail: [email protected]
1Алтайский государственный университет, пр-т Ленина, 61; Тигирекский государственный заповедник, ул. Никитина, 111; 656049, Барнаул, Россия
2 Зенкенбергский исследовательский институт и естественно-исторический музей во Франкфурте, Зенкенберганлаге, 25; D-60325, Франкфурт-на Майне, Германия
Поступило в редакцию 14.02.2012 г. Submitted 14.02.2012
results and discussion
Caloplaca chrysophthalma Degel. [TLC: emodin, parietin, fragillin]
The investigated specimen was sterile. This sorediate circumboreal species has a scattered distribution in Europe, Asia and North America (Kondratiuk et al., 2004). In Asia it is already known from Taiwan (Aptroot & Sparrius, 2003), Russia (see Ur-banavichus, 2010), North China (Wetmore, 2004) and Mongolia (Hauck & Javkhlan, 2006). It was recorded for Altai by Kondratyuk et al. (2004) and is reported as new for the West Altai (Altaisky krai) here. The single specimen was collected on bark of Populus tremula in Abies sibirica - Betula pendula fern - tall forb forest.
specimens examined: Altaisky krai,
Zmeinogorsky district, western part of Tigireksky range, 51°06’49’’ N, 83°01’01’’ E, alt. 1000 m, 12.VII.2006, ED 6716 (ALTB).
Catinaria atropurpurea (Schaer.) Vezda &
Poelt
A widespread circumboreal species (Kotlov, 2003) reported here as new for the Altai Mts. where it was collected on Salix shrub in swamp in humid wood pasture with Larix sibirica, Pinus sibirica, Picea obovata and a lot of dead wood.
Altai Republic, Ust’-Kansky district, W of Mt. Chugunka and S of river Tarkhata, 50°43’49.7’’ N, 85°24’15.8’’ E, alt. 1680 m, 1.VII.2003, CP 8766 (FR).
Lecanora subcarpinea Szatala [TLC: atra-norin, psoromic a.]
The species is widespread in Europe (Lumbsch et al., 1997; Aptroot et al., 2005) and the Caucasus (Novruzov, 1990; Blinkova et al., 2003) and has recently been recorded for South Siberia from the Sayan Mts. (Sedelnikova, 2001). New for the Altai Mts. where it was collected along creeks on bark of Salix sp. in forest of Picea obovata, Betula and Salix along creek, and on trunk of Picea obovata in P obovata forest. It seems more widely distributed in Siberia than previously assumed.
specimens examined: Altaisky krai, So-loneshensky district, Bashchelaksky range, along the river Shinok between the villages Tog-Altai and Cherny Anuy, 51°21’43.6’’ N, 83°35’20.4’’ E, alt. 910 m, 28.VI.2003, CP 8521 (FR); Altai Republic. Ust’-Kansky district, between the villages Tog-Altai and Cherny Anuy, 51°21’24.0’’ N, 83°34’06.0’’ E, alt. 670 m, 29.VI.2003, CP 8602 (FR).
Lecanora symmicta (Ach.) Ach. [TLC: us-nic a., terpenoids (incl. zeorin)]
A common circumboreal and temperate species known from a wide range of substrata. The L. symmicta complex includes several related and morphologically variable species that differ by their anatomy and chemistry, e.g. L. filamentosa (Stirt.) Elix & Palice and L. schizochromatica Perez.-Orte-ga, T. Sprib. & Printzen, which are morphologically very similar but does not seem to be very closely related (Palice et al. 2011, Perez-Ortega et al., 2010; Printzen & May, 2002). All investigated specimens from the Altai Mts., however, belong to Lecanora symmicta s. str. Common within the area on bark of Abies sibirica, Sorbus sibirica, Populus tremula, Pinus sibirica, Picea obovata Betula pendula, Salix caprea and other trees in the forest belt, e.g. tall forb Abies sibirica forest, forest of Picea obovata, Betula and Salix along creek and taiga forest (Abies sibirica, Larix sibirica, Pinus sibirica).
specimens examined: Altaisky krai,
Zmeinogorsky district, Tigireksky range, valley of Bolshaya Uskuchevka River between the communities of Bugryshikha and Andreevsky, 51°11’19.3’’ N, 82°48’30.6’’ E, alt. 450 m, 25.VI.2003, CP 8297 (FR); same range, valley of Bolshaya Uskuchevka River between Bugryshikha and Andreevsky, 51°11’19.3’’ N, 82°48’30.6’’ E, alt. 450 m, 25.VI.2003, CP 8334 (FR); same range, ca. 4 km S of Andreevsky, valley of the Malaya Amelikha River near the confluence with Zagornaya Amelikha River, 51°04’40.4’’ N, 82°49’57.9’’ E, alt. 850 m, 26.VI.2003, CP 8361 (FR); Soloneshensky district, Bashchelaksky range, along the river Shinok between the villages Tog-Altai and Cherny Anuy, 51°21’43.6’’ N, 83°35’20.4’’ E, alt. 910 m, 28.VI.2003, CP 8515 (FR); same locality, CP 8519, 8523, 8536, 8542 (FR), along the river Shinok between the villages Tog-Altai and Cherny Anuy, 51°21’42.5’’ N, 84°34’53.1’’ E, 870 m, 28.VI.2003, CP 8556, 8630 (FR). Altai Republic, Ust’-Koksinsky district, Katunsky range, SW bank of Tal’menie Lake, left bank of Khariuzovka River, 49°49’ N, 85°48’ E, alt. 1516-1800 m, 14.VII.2000, ED 6802 (FR).
Heterodermia japonica (M. Sato) Swins-cow & Krog [TLC: atranorin, zeorin]
All investigated specimens belong to chemo-type I according to Kurokawa (1962) and Trass (2000). The species was previously reported from the Altai by Trass (2000). It is reported here as new for the West Altai (Altaisky krai).
specimens examined: Altaisky krai, Soloneshensky district, Bashchelaksky range, along the river Shinok between the villages Tog-Altai and Cherny Anuy, 51°21’43.6’’ N, 83°35’20.4’’ E, alt. 910 m, forest of Picea obovata, Betula and Salix along creek, on bark of Salix sp. 28.VI.2003, CP
8517 (FR); Altai Republic, Ust’-Koksinsky district, Katunsky range, at the junction of the Khazinikha and Ioldo Rivers, 49°53’ N, 86°04’ E, alt. 1800 m, Abies sibirica - Pinus sibirica - Picea obovata forest, on bark of Sorbus sibirica, 22.VII.2000, ED 6767 (ALTB); Ongudaysky district, at 10 km E of Ust’-Kan at left bank of Yabagan River, 50°56’ N, 84°54’ E, alt. 1057 m, marginal part of the bog, on bark of Salix sp. 30.VI.2003, ED 6768 (ALTB); some km N of the Seminsky pass along the road between the villages Topuchaja and Sarlyk, 51°05’39.7’’ N, 85°38’17.1’’ E, alt. 1270 m, open forest of Picea obovata, Pinus sibirica, Larix sibirica and Betula, on bark of Salix sp. 2.VII.2003, CP 8857 (FR).
Mycoblastus alpinus (Fr.) Th. Fr. ex Hellb. [TLC: planaic, usnic & isousnic a., atranorin]
A circumboreal species reported from Europe, Asia (Biazrov et al., 1989) and North America (T0nsberg, 1993). In Russia it was reported from the European part, the Ural Mts., East Siberia (Baikal territory, Pärn & Trass, 1990) and the Far East (Urbanavichus, 2010). New for West Siberia and the Altai.
specimens examined: Altai Republic,
Ust’-Kansky district, W of Mt. Chugunka and S of river Tarkhata, 50°43’49.7’’ N, 85°24’15.8’’ E, alt. 1680 m, humid wood pasture with Larix sibirica, Pinus sibirica, Picea obovata and a lot of dead wood, on wood, 1.VII.2003, CP 8785 (FR).
Ochrolechia androgyna (Hoffm.) Arnold
A morphologically and chemically variable species widespread in Russia (Urbanavichus, 2010) including the Altai Mts. (Sedelnikova, 1990). T0nsberg (1992) distinguishes several chemotypes, of which the following two were found by us. The records confirm the presence of this species in the Altai and extend the known occurrence to the West Altai (Altaisky krai).
Chemotype A [TLC: lecanoric & gyrophoric
a.]
specimens examined: Altaisky krai,
Zmeinogorsky district, Tigireksky range, right bank of the Belaya River, 7 km upstream of the mouth of the Berlozhia river, 50°57’34’’ N, 83°02’59’’ E, alt. 717 m, Abies sibirica - tall forb forest, on Betula pendula, 7.VII.2006, ED 6738 (ALTB).
Chemotype D
specimens examined:Altai Republic, Ust’-Kansky district, W of Mt. Chugunka and S of river Tarkhata, wood pasture with Larix sibirica, trunk of giant Larix sibirica, 50°43’55.4’’ N, 85°24’21.9’’ E, alt. 1680 m, 2.VII.2003, CP 8819 (FR); [TLC: thallus: variolaric & lecanoric a.; apothecia: variolaric,
lecanoric, gyrophoric & hiascic(?) a.]; same locality, on trunk of giant Larix sibirica, CP 8820 (FR) [TLC: variolaric a.].
Ochrolechia arborea (Kreyer) Almb. [TLC: gyrophoric a., lichexanthone (+ lecanoric or hiascic a.)]
This circumboreal species of Ochrolechia is characterized by the content of lichexanthone and is known in Russia from the European part, the Ural Mts., Siberia and the Far East (Urbanavichus, 2010). It was also reported from Mongolia (Golubkova, 1981). New for Altai Mts. where it is quite common in the forest belt on bark of Abies sibirica and Picea obovata, more rarely on Sorbus sibirica and Betula pendula.
specimens examined: Altaisky krai,
Zmeinogorsky district, Tigireksky range, right bank of the Belaya River, 7 km upstream of the mouth of the Berlozhia river, 50°57’34’’ N, 83°02’59’’ E, alt. 717 m, 7.VII.2006, ED 6736 (ALTB); same range, c. 4 km S of Andreevsky, valley of the Malaya Amelikha River near the confluence with Zagornaya Amelikha River, 51°04’40.4’’ N, 82°49’57.9’’ E, alt. 850 m, 26.VI.2003, CP (8364); same range, near the headwaters of Batalikha River, 51°03.0’ N, 82°53.1’ E, alt. 1525 m, 10.VIII.2003, ED 6737 (ALTB); So-loneshensky district, Bashchelaksky range, along the river Shinok between the villages Tog-Altai and Cherny Anuy, 51°21’42.5’’ N, 83°34’53.1’’ E, alt. 870 m, 28.VI.2003, CP 8552 (FR); Altai Republic, Ust’-Kansky district, between the villages Tog-Altai and Cherny Anuy, 51°21’24.0’’ N, 83°34’06.0’’ E, alt. 670 m, forest of Picea obovata along creek, 29.VI.2003, CP 8616, 8635 (FR); same locality, CP 8618 (FR); same locality, CP 8601, 8604, 8609, 8611 (FR); Ust’-Koksinsky district, Katunsky range, at the junction of the Khazinikha and Ioldo Rivers, 49°53’ N, 86°04’ E, alt. 1800 m, 22.VII.2000, ED 6735, 6756 (ALTB).
Ochrolechia pallescens (L.) A. Massal. [TLC: variolaric a. in thallus, variolaric, gyrophoric & lecanoric a. in apothecia]
Most reports of this species are from Europe (including the European part of Russia), the Ural Mts., South Siberia and the Far East, but it has also been reported from Israel and India (Kukwa, 2009). According to Kukwa (ibid.) its occurrence in South America is dubious. The records confirm the presence of this species in the Altai (Sedelnikova, 1990), where it was found on bark of Salix and Populus tremula in Abies sibirica - Populus tremula mountain relict forest.
specimens examined: Altaisky krai,
Zmeinogorsky district, Kolyvansky range, left
bank of Belaya River at 1,5 km NW of Stanova-ya Mt. (796 m), 51°00’ N, 82°44’ E, alt. 600 m, 12.VI.1999, ED 1732 (ALTB); western part of the Tigireksky range at 5 km S of the community of Andreevsky, near the mid section of the Zagorna-ya Amelikha River, 51°03.37’ N, 82°51.12’ E, alt. 986 m, 26.VI.2003, ED 5537 (ALTB); same range, left bank of Glukharikha River 0.5 km up of junction with Belaya River, 51°00.1’ N, 82°45.7’ E, alt. 560 m, 12.VIII.2003, ED 5576 (ALTB).
Ochrolechia turneri (Sw.) Hasselrot [TLC: variolaric a.]
Common and widespread in the Northern Hemisphere. In Russia reported from the European North, the Caucasus, South Siberia and South Pri-morye (Urbanavichus, 2010). The records confirm the presence of this species in the Altai (Sedelnik-ova, 1990) and extend its known range to the West Altai (Altaisky krai). The specimens were collected on wood or bark of Abies sibirica and Pinus sibirica in Pinus sibirica - Abies sibirica forest, and humid wood pasture with Larix sibirica, Pinus sibirica and Picea obovata.
specimens examined: Altaisky krai,
Zmeinogorsky district, Tigireksky range, near the headwaters of the Bol’shoi Tigirek River, right bank of Babyi Kluch spring, 51°03’05’’ N, 82°58’37’’ E, alt. 1490 m, 9.IX.2005, ED 6746 (ALTB); Altai Republic, Ust’-Kansky district, W of Mt. Chugunka and S of river Tarkhata, 50°43’49.7’’ N, 85°24’15.8’’ E, alt. 1680 m, 1.VII.2003, CP 8741, 8786 (FR); Ust’-Koksinsky district, Katunsky range, S bank of Tal’menie Lake, left bank of Ozyornaia River, slope with NW exposition, 49°48’ N, 85°49’ E, alt. 15161700 m, 15.VII.2000, ED 6745 (ALTB).
Pertusaria albescens (Huds.) M. Choisy et Werner [TLC: no substances or undetermined fatty acid]
This species is also widespread and common in Russia (Urbanavichus, 2010). The records confirm its presence in the Altai Mts. (Davydov, 2001; Sedelnikova, 1990). Reports of P hemispha-erica (Florke) Eriksen from Siberia lacking TLC data probably belong to this species.
specimens examined: Altaisky krai,
Charyshsky district, Korgonsky range, right bank of Gorelyi Korgon River 9 km upstream from its mouth. N slopes, 51°01’ N, 83°45’ E, alt. 1400 m, Pinus sibirica - Abies sibirica forest, on bark of Sorbus sibirica, 29.VII.1998, ED 5981 (ALTB); Zmeinogorsky district, Tigireksky range, left bank of Belaya River opposite the mouth of the Irkutka River, 50°57’20’’ N, 82°58’27’’ E, alt. 700-800 m,
Abies sibirica dominanted mountain taiga relict forest (Chern’), on Sorbus sibirica, 14.VII.2005, ED 6732 (ALTB); Altai republic, Ust’-Kansky district, between the villages Tog-Altai and Cherny Anuy, 51°21’24.0’’ N, 83°34’06.0’’ E, alt. 670 m, forest of Picea obovata along creek, on Picea obovata, 29.VI.2003, CP 8599, 8612 (FR).
Pertusaria alpina Hepp [TLC: stictic & constictic a.]
The species is common in wet forests within the area on smooth bark of Abies sibirica and Sorbus sibirica. The records confirm its presence in the Altai (Davydov, 2001; Sedelnikova, 1990). It was collected on bark of Padus avium, as well as on twigs of Caragana arborescens and Spiraea sp.
specimens examined: Altaisky krai,
Zmeinogorsky district, Kolyvansky range, left bank of Belaya River at 1,5 km NW of Stanovaya Mt. (796 m), 51°00’ N, 82°44’ E, alt. 600 m, 12.VI.1999, ED 1746 (ALTB); Tigireksky range, basin of Belaya River, N slope of Mokhnato-Gladkaya Mt. (1077 m), 50°56’ N, 82°43’ E, alt. 800-900 m, 9.VI.1999, ED 6765 (ALTB); same range, valley of Bolshaya Uskuchevka River between communities of Bu-gryshikha and Andreevsky, 51°11.2’ N, 82°48.3’ E, alt. 560 m, 25.VI.2003, ED 6784 (ALTB); same locality, 51°11’19.3’’ N, 82°48’30.6’’ E, alt. 450 m, 25.VI.2003, CP 8305 (FR); same range, at 5 km S of the community of Andreevsky, near the mid section of the Zagornaya Amelikha River, 51°03.37’ N, 82°51.12’ E, alt. 986 m, 26.VI.2003, ED 6782 (ALTB); same range, left bank of Belaya River uper of junction with Glukharikha River, 51°00.3’ N, 82°45.8’ E, alt. 540 m, 7.VIII.2003, ED 6763, 6783 (ALTB); same range, left bank of Belaya River 2 km upstream of junction with Glukharikha River, 50°59.7’ N, 82°47.8’ E, alt. 550 m, 7.VIII.2003, ED 5540 (ALTB); same range, left bank of Glukharikha River 0.5 km up of junction with Belaya River, 51°00.1’ N, 82°45.7’ E, alt. 560 m, 12.VIII.2003, ED 5542 (ALTB); same range, right bank of the Belaya River 7 km upstream of the mouth of the Berlozhia river, 50°57’34’’ N, 83°02’59’’ E, alt. 717 m, 7.VII.2006, ED 6762 (ALTB); same locality, 7.VII.2006, ED 6764 (ALTB).
Pertusaria amara (Ach.) Nyl. [TLC: picro-lichenic a.]
The species is widespread in Russia (Ur-banavichus, 2010) and rather common in the Altai Mts. (Davydov, 2001; Sedelnikova, 1990), however, its identification without TLC data may be ambiguous. The records confirm the presence of P amara in the Altai.
specimens examined: Altaisky krai,
Charyshsky district, Korgonsky range, right bank of Kumir River near its lower section, 50°59’ N, 84°18’ E, alt. 800 m, taiga forest (Abies sibirica, Picea obovata, Betula pendula, Sorbus sibirica), on bark of Abies sibirica, 2.VIII.1995, ED 540 (ALTB); Zmeinogorsky district, Tigireksky range, right bank of the Belaya River, 7 km upstream of the mouth of the Berlozhia river, 50°57’34’’ N, 83°02’59’’ E, alt. 717 m, Abies sibirica - tall forb forest, on Betula pendula, 7.VII.2006, ED 6733 (ALTB); same locality, on Abies sibirica ED 6734 (ALTB).
Pertusaria sommerfeltii Florke [TLC: stic-tic & constictic a., lichexanthone in apothecia]
A circumboreal species reported from many regions in Russia (Urbanavichus, 2010). The records confirm its presence in the Altai (Davydov, 2001; Sedelnikova, 1990), where it is relatively rare and was collected by us in Abies sibirica - tall forb forest, on wood, on bark of Lonicera altaica in humid wood pasture with Larix sibirica, Pinus sibirica, Picea obovata and a lot of dead wood, and on bark of Sorbus sibirica in Pinus sibirica - Picea obovata forest.
specimens examined: Altaisky krai,
Zmeinogorsky district, Tigireksky range, right bank of the Belaya River, 7 km upstream of the mouth of the Berlozhia river, 50°57’34’’ N, 83°02’59’’ E, alt. 717 m, 7.VII.2006, ED 6761 (ALTB); Altai Republic, Ust’-Kansky district, W of Mt. Chugunka and S of river Tarkhata, 50°43’49.7’’ N, 85°24’15.8’’ E, alt. 1680 m, 1.VII.2003, CP 8800 (FR); Ust’-Kok-sinsky district, Katunsky range, S coast of Tal’menie Lake, left bank of Ozyornaia River, slope with NW exposition, 49°48’ N, 85°49’ E, alt. 1516-1700 m, 15.VII.2000, ED 6760 (ALTB).
Physcia alnophila (Vain.) Loht., Moberg, Myllys & Tehler
This taxon was recently elevated to species level using molecular phylogenetic data (Lohtander et al., 2009). Its distribution is not clear because it was previously treated as a variety of P. aipolia (Ehrh. ex Humb.) Fürnr. Common within the Altai Mts. on bark of Salix growing along rivers. New for the Altai Mts.
specimens examined: Altaisky krai,
Zmeinogorsky district, Tigireksky range, valley of Bolshaya Uskuchevka River between the communities of Bugryshikha and Andreevsky, 51°11’19.3’’ N, 82°48’30.6’’ E, alt. 450 m, tall forb community along forest road with Abies sibirica, Betula pendula and Salix caprea, on Spiraea, 25.VI.2003, CP; Soloneshensky district, Bashchelaksky range, along
the river Shinok between the villages Tog-Altai and Chemy Anuy, 51°21’43.6’’ N, 83°35’20.4’’ E, alt. 910 m, forest of Picea obovata, Betula and Salix along creek, on bark of Salix sp. 28.VI.2003, CP 8516 (FR).
Pilophorus cereolus (Ach.) Th. Fr. [TLC: atranorin]
An arctic-alpine species reported from Europe, the European and Asian parts of Russia, North America, Greenland and Svalbard (Dombrovskaya, 1996; Skirina, Skirin, 2011). Rare in the Altai Mts. (Sedelnikova, 1990) and new for the Western Altai (Altaisky krai).
specimens examined: Altaisky krai, Soloneshensky district, Bashchelaksky range, valley of Shinok River, downstream of the waterfall, 51°21.27’ N, 84°34.06’ E, alt. 1035 m, mixed forest (Picea obovata, Abies sibirica, Betula pendula, Salix spp., Sorbus sibirica, Populus tremula, Pi-nus sibirica), on rock at the base of a talus slope, 29.VI.2003, ED 6755 (ALTB).
Placynthiella icmalea (Ach.) Coppins & P. James [TLC: gyrophoric a.]
A common subcosmopolitan species that is widespread in Russia (Makarova, 2003).
specimens examined: Altaisky krai,
Zmeinogorsky district, Tigireksky range, 4-5 km S of the community Andreevsky, ca. 51°04’ N, 82°51’ E, on rotten stump of Betula, 26.VI.2003, CP 8384 (FR).
Rhizoplaca subdiscrepans (Nyl.) R. Sant. The distribution of this species in Russia requires additional investigations. The species was so far reported from a few localities in the European North, the southern Ural Mts, South and East Siberia (Urbanavichus, 2010). New for the Altai Mts. where it is rather common.
specimens examined: Altaisky krai,
Zmeinogorsky district, Tigireksky range, near the headwaters of the Belaya River, 51°01’16’’ N, 83°04’10’’ E, alt. 1488 m, timberline, rocks, on stones, 5.VII.2006, ED 6766 (ALTB).
Umbilicaria decussata (Vill.) Zahlbr. [TLC: gyrophoric and lecanoric acid]
The species is found at high altitudes and latitudes worldwide. In many cases it is tardily distinguished from U. lyngei Schol. in sterile condition. The study of L0fall & Timdal (2005) in Norway and Svalbard showed that secondary chemistry may help to distinguish these two species. According to their study based on fertile material, U. decussata contains gyrophoric acid, sometimes also norstictic acid, whereas U. lyngei lacks lichen substances or
sometimes contains norstictic acid. Because U. de-cussata only very rarely produces apothecia, and U. lyngei was never found fertile in the Altai, we used nrITS DNA sequences to verify identifications of our specimens. Based on these results we confirmed the occurrence of gyrophoric and lecanoric acids in U. decussata by TLC. and detected two chemotypes of U. lyngei: one without lichen substances and one containing norstictic acid. Thus, secondary chemistry seems to be very useful to distinguish the two species in the Altai.
specimens examined: Altaysky krai, Zmeinogorsky district, Tigireksky range, left bank of the Belaya River, the Chornaya Mt. (elev. 2013 m), rocks on the watershed, on rocks, 51°00’17’’ N, 83°07’15’’ E, alt. 1838 m, 11.VII.2006, DE 7100 (ALTB); Altai republic, Ust’-Koksinsky district, Katunsky range, upper reaches of the Ak-Kem River, right bank, stone fields and rocks, on rocks, 49°59’15.6’’ N, 86°35’09.3’’ E, alt. 2686 m, 9.VIII.2009, ED 7108 (ALTB).
Umbilicaria lyngei schol.
Umbilicaria lyngei is more common than U. decussata in the Altai and widely distributed in the alpine zone from the timberline to the summits near the snow line as well as in high mountain steppes. It is reported here as a new for Tyva Republic. The species grow on rock outcrops or on boulders. specimens examined:
Chemotype A [TLC: norstictic a.]: Altai republic, Ust’-Koksinsky district, Katunsky range, upper reaches of the Ak-Kem River, right bank, stone fields and rocks, on rocks, 49°59’08.3’’N, 86°34’55.5’’E, alt. 2687 m, 09.VIII.2009 ED 7107 (ALTB); same locality, 49°59’15.6’’ N, 86°35’09.3’’
E, alt. 2686 m, 09.VIII.2009 ED 7105, 7106 (ALTB); same locality, 50°01’58.9’’ N, 86°26’05.8’’ E, alt. 2381 m, 14.VIII.2009 ED 7102 (ALTB); same locality, 50°00’28.9’’ N, 86°27’52.4’’ E, alt. 2621 m, 19.VIII.2009 ED 7101 (ALTB).
Chemotype B [TLC: no subst.]: Altai Republic, Kosh-Agachsky district, Juzhno-Chuisky range, Tara River basin near unnamed mountain elev. 3521 m, 49°42’N, 88°14’E, alt. 2200-2500 m, 24.VII.1999, ED 5466 (ALTB); same district, Ukok tableland, left bank of Ak-Alakha River at 1 km downstream from its junction with Kalguty River, 49°23’N, 87°38’E, alt. 2200 m, 23.VII.1998, ED 5556 (ALTB); Tyva Republic, Mugur-Aksynsky district, left bank of Mogen-Buren River near it’s junction with Bashky-Kara-Sug stream. 50°10’N, 89°46’E, alt. 1800-2100 m, 4.VII.1995, ED 242 (ALTB)
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to A. I. Shmakov (Barnaul) for organizing an expedition in the Altai Mts., I.A. Artiomov (Novosibirsk) and G.E. Insarov (Moscow) for organizing and participating in Central Altai expeditions (2000, 2008, and 2009). We also thank the directors and staff of Katunsky state nature reserve, Belukha Nature Park (Russia) for their great support during an expedition. The study was supported by the Russian Ministry of Science and Education (project SC No 16.518.11.7071) and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR grant No 11-04-00901). The work of E. D. in LE was financially supported by RFBR (grant No. 1004-90702 & 11-04-90704), and work in F. R. by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG grant No. 436 RUS 17/36/05).
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