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27ACTIVE METHODS IN TEACHING EFL FOR YOUNG LEARNERS
Muratova N.B.
Muratova Nargiza Bakhramovna - Teacher, DEPARTMENT OF THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF ENGLISH LANGUAGES, ENGLISH
LANGUAGES FACULTY 2, UZBEK STATE WORLD LANGUAGES UNIVERSITY, TASHKENT, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: the most important rule of the educational process when early teaching English is instilling interest in the language itself, developing communication skills; and helping the child express themselves. The learning that occurs at this age stage is not based on the amount of material issued, and on the quality of mastering the material students, which later will allow children to quickly master new linguistic units and include them in their speech competence.
Keywords: methods, preschool learners, critical thinking, techniques, games.
With skillful use according to N.Galskova and N.Shibko, active teaching methods can solve three problems. First, the teacher can motivate students to study activities, thereby subordinate the learning process, and from this it follows that activity appears both for beginners and those who have been learning it for a long time, those the chances of memorizing the material are balanced out. And also, thanks to active methods, the teacher can continuously monitor the process assimilation of educational material [1; 3]. Active methods allow forming the knowledge, abilities and skills of preschoolers by involving them in active educational and cognitive activity - a game, thereby educational information is transferred into the personal knowledge of students.
In English classes, with preschoolers, the teachers can such active methods as:
1. "Active listening"
The method of active listening is used in the field of psychology, for better understanding of the state of the interlocutor, and for a more complete understanding, the purpose of communication, from the point of view of the speaker [2]. This method is used most often between parents and children, as well as in the sphere of services and business. After analyzing this technique, within psychology, we decided to transfer some methods of its implementation to teaching preschoolers. Based on the fact that preschoolers do not know how still the teacher's read in Russian, even by syllables, task is formation of the sound image of the word and its correlation with real existing object. This method allows the teacher to create such an environment in which students are not objects but subjects the educational process, that is, they are actively involved throughout the entire lesson.
According to the method of active listening, preschoolers will be able to learn and learn a completely new language for them, listening to the teacher's speech, watching short cartoons in English, as well as performing tasks with pictures, objects, etc., to establish the lexical meaning (that is, the correlation of the denotation with the signification, according to the means sound complex). Active listening, as noted earlier, is used in psychology, but knowing the psychological and physiological characteristics of this age, level of thinking and leading speech activity we can propose your own classification of techniques, which can be used on classes with preschoolers:
1.1. "Drawing under dictation" / "Draw on the spot"
This technique helps to work out the topic "counting from 1 to 10" +"Directions (left, right, top, bottom)" in English. is he is focused on the age of 3.5-5 years, for its implementation it will be necessary to study with preschoolers numbers, as well as left-right-top-bottom directions, in advance. Also, the teacher must prepare a drawing that, ultimately, should work for the child. It is important to choose the most elementary, consisting of no more than 5-8 actions. The numbers from one to ten are read to the students, and it is said the direction in which the cells should be counted. As a result, a
preschooler turns out some kind of figure, which later he can paint or show to parents. This technique will create motivation to study numbers in the future, and will also help the teacher control the level of mastery the knowledge gained on the topic "numbers" and "directions".
1.2. "Find a picture"
Find the picture is great for the first stage study of any topic and is designed for the earliest age of study in English. A feature of this technique is the provision of pictures for establishing sound and oral correspondence. Preschoolers pictures are offered, after watching a video on the topic, using all words, or after the game to learn new words. The task of the preschooler show the picture to the word that the teacher calls. This technique helps to control at the first stage of study new topic, to what extent the students understood and correlated the concepts with their sound image in your head.
1.3. "Paint it right"
Consider the third trick, which is a great way consolidation, just received or consolidation of already passed material on the topic "colors", "clothes", "body parts", "animals". A feature of this technique is that students are given a drawing that the teacher and preschoolers paint together. Teacher names a part of the body / clothing or animal and names the color you need decorate it (him). This technique perfectly motivates students to continue. It also helps to check to the teacher the mastery of knowledge by preschoolers.
References
1. Galskova N.D. Theory of teaching foreign languages: linguodidactics and methodology: textbook in the specialty "Theory and methods of teaching foreign languages and cultures" / N.I. Gez. M.: Academy, 2007. 336 p.
2. Novikovskaya O.I. Album on the development of speech for preschoolers in stories and funny pictures. M.: Education, 2017. 52 p.
3. Shibko N.L. General questions of Russian language teaching methodology as a foreign one. S.P.: Zlatoust, 2015. 336 p.
