A case of a fifteen-year-old patient suffering from rare adenocystic lung carcinoma bronchoplastic surgery Текст научной статьи по специальности «Клиническая медицина»

South Russian Journal of Cancer. 2024. Vol. 5, No. 4. P. 38-45 4.0

https://doi.org/10.37748/2686-9039-2024-5-4-5

https://elibrary.ru/cxjghi

South Russian

Journal of Cancer CLINICAL CASE REPORT

Южно-Российский

онкологический журнал

Vol. 5

No. 4, 2024 A case of a fifteen-year-old patient suffering from rare adenocystic lung

carcinoma bronchoplastic surgery

D. A. Kharagezov, E. A. Mirzoyan, Yu. Yu. Kozel, G. A. Mkrtchyan, A. A. Antonyan, T. G. Ayrapetova,

I. A. Leyman, A. G. Milakin, O. N. Stateshny

National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation

 [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lung is a relatively rare malignant tumor, accounting for 0.04–0.2 % of all primary malignant

tumors of the respiratory system. This carcinoma can occur at any age, but it is more common in the 40–60 age group and

usually in women. The main treatment method for adenoid cystic carcinoma is surgical. Since tumors of this histological form

are often centrally located, options for bronchoplastic operations are considered. In childhood, adenoid cystic carcinoma

is extremely rare, and performing bronchoplastic lobectomies in children is associated with several difficulties, such as the

smaller diameter of the bronchi compared to adult patients, complicating surgical intervention and subsequent rehabilitation.

This clinical case demonstrates the experience of performing a bronchoplastic operation on a 15-year-old patient at the De-

partment of Thoracic Oncology of the National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation.

The patient was hospitalized complaining of prolonged cough, shortness of breath, and chest pain. Adenoid cystic carcino-

ma of the central type was identified during diagnostics, which included bronchoscopy, computed tomography, and biopsy.

The surgical intervention involved performing a bronchoplastic lobectomy, during which the affected lobe of the lung was re-

moved with resection and reconstruction of the bronchus. The operation was performed taking into account the anatomical

features of the child's body, which required high precision and surgical skills. The postoperative period proceeded without

significant complications, and the patient was under the supervision of a multidisciplinary team of specialists.

This clinical case provides a detailed description of the results of preoperative diagnostic measures, the stages of the oper-

ation, and the postoperative follow-up results. Special attention was paid to the difficulties associated with the small diam-

eter of the bronchi in children, which required the use of specialized instruments and techniques. The importance of using

modern diagnostic and treatment methods, as well as close interdisciplinary interaction, is emphasized for a successful

treatment outcome.

The experience of performing such operations in childhood is extremely important for improving the quality and safety of surgi-

cal treatment of adenoid cystic carcinoma and other rare tumors in children. Further observations will be described in stages.

Keywords: lung cancer, adenocystic carcinoma, bronchoplastic lobectomy in children

For citation: Kharagezov D. A., Mirzoyan E. A., Kozel Yu. Yu., Mkrtchyan G. A., Antonyan A. A., Airapetova T. G., Leyman I. A., Milakin A. G., Stateshny O. N.

A case of a fifteen-year-old patient suffering from rare adenocystic lung carcinoma bronchoplastic surgery. South Russian Journal of Cancer. 2024; 5(4):

38-45. https://doi.org/10.37748/2686-9039-2024-5-4-5, https://elibrary.ru/cxjghi

For correspondence: Ellada A. Mirzoyan – Cand. Sci. (Med.), MD, oncologist, researcher at the Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Medical Research

Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation

Address: 63 14 line str., Rostov-on-Don 344037, Russian Federation

E-mail: [email protected]

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0328-9714

SPIN: 2506-8605, AuthorID: 1002948

ResearcherID: AAZ-2780-2021

Scopus Author ID: 57221118516

Compliance with ethical standards: this study followed the ethical principles outlined in the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki (1964, revised

in 2013). The research was approved by the Ethics Committee of the National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation

(protocol No. 16 dated 12.10.2021). Informed consent was obtained from all study participants

Funding: this work was not funded

Conflict of interest: the authors declare that there are no obvious and potential conflicts of interest associated with the publication of this article

The article was submitted 17.05.2024; approved after reviewing 06.09.2024; accepted for publication 28.10.2024

© Kharagezov D. A., Mirzoyan E. A., Kozel Yu. Yu., Mkrtchyan G. A., Antonyan A. A., Airapetova T. G., Leyman I. A., Milakin A. G., Stateshny O. N., 2024

38

Южно-Российский онкологический журнал. 2024. Т. 5, № 4. С. 38-45

https://doi.org/10.37748/2686-9039-2024-5-4-5

https://elibrary.ru/cxjghi

3.1.6. Онкология, лучевая терапия

КЛИНИЧЕСКОЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЕ

Случай выполнения бронхопластической операции пациентке пятнадцати лет с редкой

аденокистозной карциномой легкого

Д. А. Харагезов, Э. А. Мирзоян, Ю. Ю. Козель, Г. А. Мкртчян, А. А. Антонян, Т. Г. Айрапетова, И. А. Лейман,

А. Г. Милакин, О. Н. Статешный

ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации,

г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация

 [email protected]

РЕЗЮМЕ

Аденокистозная карцинома легкого является относительно редкой злокачественной опухолью, на долю которой

приходится 0,04–0,2 % всех первичных злокачественных опухолей органов дыхательной системы. Эта карцинома

может возникнуть в любом возрасте, однако чаще встречается в возрастной группе 40–60 лет и, как правило,

у женщин. Основным методом лечения аденокистозной карциномы является хирургический. Поскольку опухоль

данной гистологической формы часто располагается центрально, рассматриваются варианты выполнения брон-

хопластических операций. В детском возрасте аденокистозная карцинома встречается очень редко, а выполнение

бронхопластических лобэктомий у детей сопровождается рядом трудностей, таких как меньший диаметр бронхов по

сравнению со взрослыми пациентами, что усложняет оперативное вмешательство и последующую реабилитацию.

Настоящий клинический случай демонстрирует опыт выполнения бронхопластической операции 15-летней пациентке

на базе отделения торакальной онкологии ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии»

Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ростова-на-Д ону. Пациентка была госпитализирована

с жалобами на длительный кашель, одышку и боли в грудной клетке. В ходе диагностики, включающей бронхоскопию,

компьютерную томографию и биопсию, была выявлена аденокистозная карцинома центрального типа.

Хирургическое вмешательство включало проведение бронхопластической лобэктомии, при которой была удалена

пораженная доля легкого с резекцией и восстановлением бронха. Операция была выполнена с учетом анатомиче-

ских особенностей детского организма, что требовало высокой точности и навыков хирурга. Послеоперационный

период протекал без значительных осложнений, пациентка находилась под наблюдением мультидисциплинарной

команды специалистов.

В данном клиническом случае были подробно описаны результаты предоперационных диагностических мероприя-

тий, этапы проведения операции, а также результаты послеоперационного наблюдения. Отдельное внимание было

уделено сложностям, связанным с малым диаметром бронхов у детей, что требовало использования специализи-

рованных инструментов и техники. Подчеркивается важность использования современных методов диагностики

и лечения, а также тесного междисциплинарного взаимодействия для успешного исхода лечения.

Опыт проведения подобных операций в детском возрасте крайне важен для повышения качества и безопасности

хирургического лечения аденокистозной карциномы и других редких опухолей у детей.

Ключевые слова: рак легкого, аденокистозная карцинома, бронхопластическая лобэктомия у детей

Для цитирования: Харагезов Д. А., Мирзоян Э. А., Козель Ю. Ю., Мкртчян Г. А., Антонян А. А., Айрапетова Т. Г., Лейман И. А., Милакин А. Г.,

Статешный О. Н. Случай выполнения бронхопластической операции пациентке пятнадцати лет с редкой аденокистозной карциномой легкого.

Южно-Российский онкологический журнал. 2024; 5(4): 38-45. https://doi.org/10.37748/2686-9039-2024-5-4-5, https://elibrary.ru/cxjghi

Для корреспонденции: Мирзоян Эллада Арменовна – к.м.н., врач-онколог, научный сотрудник отделения торакальной онкологии,

ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации,

г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация

Адрес: 344037, Российская Федерация, г. Ростов-на-Дону, ул. 14-я линия, д. 63

E-mail: [email protected]

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0328-9714

SPIN: 2506-8605, AuthorID: 1002948

ResearcherID: AAZ-2780-2021

Scopus Author ID: 57221118516

Соблюдение этических стандартов: в работе соблюдались этические принципы, предъявляемые Хельсинкской декларацией Всемирной

медицинской ассоциации (World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki, 1964, ред. 2013). Исследование одобрено этическим комитетом

ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (протокол № 16

от 12.10.2021 г.). Информированное согласие получено от всех участников исследования.

Финансирование: финансирование данной работы не проводилось

Конфликт интересов: все авторы заявляют об отсутствии явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов, связанных с публикацией настоящей статьи

Статья поступила в редакцию 17.05.2024; одобрена после рецензирования 06.09.2024; принята к публикации 28.10.2024

39

South Russian Journal of Cancer 2024. Vol. 5, No. 4. P. 38-45

Kharagezov D. A., Mirzoyan E. A., Kozel Yu. Yu., Mkrtchyan G. A., Antonyan A. A., Airapetova T. G., Leyman I. A., Milakin A. G., Stateshny O. N. A case of a fifteen-year-

old patient suffering from rare adenocystic lung carcinoma bronchoplastic surgery

INTRODUCTION cough, shortness of breath, feeling of lack of air,

hemoptysis. According to him, he has been ill since

Lung cancers occupy the first place in the struc- 2021, with a history of repeatedly suffering from

ture of morbidity and mortality from cancer among pneumonia.

the male population [1–3]. Since June, after suffering a new coronavirus in-

Adenocystic carcinoma (ACC) of the lung is a rel- fection, there have been frequent attacks of short-

atively rare malignant tumor, which accounts for ness of breath. In November, the condition has

0.04– 0.2 % of all primary malignant tumors of the worsened, followed by hemoptysis, increased short-

respiratory system [4]. ACC can occur at any age, but ness of breath, feeling of lack of air. He went to the

it is more common in the age group of 40–60 years doctor at the place of residence. SCT performed on

and is usually found in women  [5–6]. The main 12/02/2021 showed: a volumetric formation of an

method of treatment of ACC is surgical, and since irregular shape of 1.3 × 0.7 × 1.2 cm of a heteroge-

the tumor of this histological form is often centrally neous structure is determined in the lumen of the

located, options for performing bronchoplastic op- left main bronchus.

erations are being considered [7, 8]. 12/28/22 SCT in the lumen of the main bron-

Bronchoplastic lobectomy with systematic me- chus on the left showed a multi-node formation of

diastinal lymphodissection is a good choice for the 1.3 × 1.2 cm narrows its lumen, the remaining bronchi

treatment of endobronchial tumors in both children are passable in the visible extent (bronchial lumen

and adult patients in order to preserve lung paren- of the 3rd-4th order is visualized), their walls are not

chyma [9]. Primary lung tumors in childhood are very thickened, without signs of bronchiectasis, on the left

rare, and performing bronchoplastic lobectomies in in the lower lobe there are areas of pneumosclero-

children is accompanied by a number of difficulties, sis, on the right along the interlobular pleura a single

in particular, the diameter of the bronchi is much dense focus requiring dynamic observation (Fig. 1).

smaller than in adults [10]. SCT scan with angiography from 01/24/2022. The

The purpose of the study was to present a clinical CT picture is more consistent with the endobronchial

case of a 15-year-old patient with rare adenocystic formation (carcinoid) of the left main bronchus.

lung carcinoma who underwent bronchoplastic sur- FBS dated 12/28/2021: the larynx is mobile, the

gery with a good long-term treatment result. trachea, carina and bronchi of the right lung are with-

out features. On the left: the main bronchus is 3/4

Clinical observation report encircled by a tuberous exophyte about 1.5 × 1.2 cm

A patient born in 2006 applied to the National in size. The exophyte originates from the interlobular

Medical Research Center for Oncology, Rostov-on- spur and is located on a narrowed base. The spur at

Don in February 2022 with complaints of periodic the exophyte outlet was expanded due to the sub-

А B

Fig. 1. Chest CT scan of the patient G.: A – frontal section; B – sagittal section

40

Южно-Российский онкологический журнал 2024. Т. 5, № 4. С. 38-45

Харагезов Д. А., Мирзоян Э. А., Козель Ю. Ю., Мкртчян Г. А., Антонян А. А., Айрапетова Т. Г., Лейман И. А., Милакин А. Г., Статешный О. Н. Случай выполнения

бронхопластической операции пациентке пятнадцати лет с редкой аденокистозной карциномой легкого

mucosal component of the tumor, and a biopsy was by a suturing device. The anterior mediastinal fiber

taken. Conclusion: exophytic tumor of the upper lobe and a group of 4L-6 lymph nodes were removed in

spur of the left lung with signs of invasion of the a single block. Hemostasis was performed. The vis-

interlobular spur. Subcompensated stenosis of the ceral pleura was dissected in the projection of the

left main bronchus (carcinoid?) (Fig. 2). interstitial fissure. A2, A1–3, A4–5 were isolated,

Histological analysis 145380–81 /21 dated sequentially ligated and crossed. The lower lobe is

01/13/2022: The morphological picture in the volume mobilized from the upper lobe by a linear stitching

of biopsies is more typical for a typical carcinoid/ device. Using the Thunderbeat electrosurgical in-

neuroendocrine tumor. To clarify the immunopheno- strument, the lymph nodes of the lung root were re-

type of tumor cells, an IHC study is recommended. moved with the removal of the l/nodes of the root of

IHC dated 01/21/2022: morphological picture and the lower lobe with the exposure of the upper lobe,

immunophenotype of tumor cells in the volume of lower lobe bronchus, interlobular spur, distal part of

biopsies (PanCK+, CK7+, CD117+, p63+ in the myo- the left main bronchus, where a tumor formation up

epithelial layer) are characteristic of adenocystic to 1.5 cm in diameter is contoured. Wedge-shaped

carcinoma. resection of the distal part of the main, interlobular

Upon admission to the Department of Pediatric spur, and proximal part of the inferior lobe bronchus

Oncology No. 1 02.02.2022, the PCR test for SARS- was performed, with suturing of the defect with sep-

CoV-2 is negative, PS ECOG (Eastern Cooperative arate nodular sutures with atraumatic monofilament

Oncology Group scale, designed to assess the gen- thread. The drug has been removed. The line of tan-

eral condition of cancer patients) 1 point. The su- talum sutures on the lung parenchyma is additionally

perficial lymph nodes are not enlarged. The chest is coagulated with bipolar tweezers. Hemostasis was

not deformed, both halves of it are evenly involved performed. Control of pneumostasis by underwater

in the act of breathing. The breathing rate is 15 per breakdown: pneumostasis was stable. Drainage of

1 minute at rest. Percussive clear pulmonary sound, the left pleural cavity at 7 and 9 i/c 2. Layered sutur-

the same on the right and on the left. Auscultatively ing of a thoracotomy wound.

vesicular breathing on the right, and weakened on the The result of a planned histological examination:

left. Spirometric parameters are normal. On the ECG: 11136–37/22: The morphological picture (taking into

Sinus rhythm with a heart rate of 68 beats /min, an account IHCNo.83/22) is characteristic of bronchial

ECG variant of the age norm. The clinical diagnosis adenocystic carcinoma (salivary gland-type tumor),

was made: (C34.1) Adenocystic carcinoma of the with an exophytic growth pattern, invasion of the

left upper lobe bronchus T1bNxM0, stage IA, cl. gr. 2. submucosal layer, the presence of foci of carcino-

The patient was taken to the operating room on ma in the adventitial layer. There were no signs of

02/07/2022. The patient was positioned lying on

her right flank. An anterolateral thoracotomy was

performed in the 5th intercostal space on the left.

According to a comprehensive examination, the pa-

tient has a central malignant tumor of the distal part

of the left main bronchus of 1.3 × 1.0 cm, spread-

ing to the upper lobe bronchus. It was decided to

perform an upper bronchoplastic lobectomy on the

left with wedge-s haped resection of the main, lower

lobar bronchus, mediastinal lymphadenectomy. The

pulmonary ligament is excised. A posterior medi-

astinotomy was performed. Bifurcation lymphod-

issection was performed using an electrosurgical

instrument. Anterior mediastinotomy was performed,

the diaphragmatic nerve was visualized, isolated, and

placed on a turnstile. With the help of Thunderbeat,

the superior pulmonary vein is mobilized and crossed Fig. 2. FBS from 28/12/2021

41

South Russian Journal of Cancer 2024. Vol. 5, No. 4. P. 38-45

Kharagezov D. A., Mirzoyan E. A., Kozel Yu. Yu., Mkrtchyan G. A., Antonyan A. A., Airapetova T. G., Leyman I. A., Milakin A. G., Stateshny O. N. A case of a fifteen-year-

old patient suffering from rare adenocystic lung carcinoma bronchoplastic surgery

perineural and lymphovascular invasion. No tumor The FBS dated 02/21/2022 showed: on the left,

cell resection lines were found in the adjacent bron- an anastomosis of the main and lower lobe bronchi

chopulmonary 4L-7, 10–14 lymph nodes. in the form of an annular roller narrowing the lumen

The postoperative period was uneventful. On by 1/3, with suture ligatures, four red spots and one

the control fibrobronchoscopy from 02/14/2022: spot of fibrin. Bronchi of the lower lobe of the usu-

a wide interbronchial suture was determined. The al type. The anastomosis is in the resolution stage

seam line was consistent. Its mucous membrane (Fig. 4.).

was edematous, hyperemic, and there was a fibrin On the 15th day after surgery, the patient was dis-

plaque on the anterior and posterior walls. The charged from the hospital in a satisfactory condition

bronchi of the lower lobe were not deformed, free- with the diagnosis: C34.1 Adenocystic carcinoma of

ly passable. The mucous membrane was smooth, the left upper lobe bronchus pT1bN0M0, stage IA,

pale, shiny (Fig. 3). condition after thoracotomy, combined upper bron-

Fig. 3. FBS patient G. from 02/14/2022 on the 7th day after surgery Fig. 4. FBS patient G. dated 02/21/2022 on the 14th day after

surgery

Fig. 5. Chest CT scan of patient G. from 28/11/2023, 1 year 9 Fig. 6. FBS patient G. from 11.28.2023, 1 year 9 months after

months after surgery: frontal section surgery

42

Южно-Российский онкологический журнал 2024. Т. 5, № 4. С. 38-45

Харагезов Д. А., Мирзоян Э. А., Козель Ю. Ю., Мкртчян Г. А., Антонян А. А., Айрапетова Т. Г., Лейман И. А., Милакин А. Г., Статешный О. Н. Случай выполнения

бронхопластической операции пациентке пятнадцати лет с редкой аденокистозной карциномой легкого

choplastic lobectomy on the left with wedge- shaped The results of bronchoplastic surgeries and pneu-

resection of the main, lower lobe bronchus, medias- monectomies are considered in detail in the me-

tinal lymphadenectomy from 02/07/2022, cl. gr. 3. ta-analysis of Z. Li with co-authors, which presents

At the control visit on 11/28/2023, 1 year and the results of treatment of 14194 patients: 4145 per-

9 months after the operation, the patient does not formed bronchoplastic operations, 10049 – pneumo-

complain, feels healthy, and leads an active lifestyle. nectomies. Overall survival was higher in the group

PS ECOG 0 points, no pathology was detected during of patients who underwent bronchoplastic lobec-

physical examination. On CT of the chest organs tomies (OR: 1.53; 95 % CI: 1.31–1.80; p < 0.00001),

and FBS without signs of progression of the process and in the group of patients after pneumonectomies,

(Fig. 5, 6). there was a higher level of postoperative and 30-day

mortality, as well as the frequency of distant metas-

DISCUSSION tases (5.86 % and 2.78 %, respectively) [16].

Various variants of bronchoplastic surgeries have

Improvements in surgical techniques and anes- also been used in pediatric practice, where the pres-

thetic aids have led to the introduction of broncho- ervation of maximum lung tissue is also an important

and angioplasty operations, which demonstrate aspect [17]. Yu et al. presented the largest study eval-

better immediate and long-term treatment results uating the effectiveness of bronchoplastic interven-

compared to the pneumonectomies [11–14]. tions in children and adults. The authors found that

In the paperwork of E. V. Levchenko et al. A com- this technique has a good prognosis in the pediatric

parative analysis of the long-term results of surgical population [18]. However, there are few reports in the

treatment of 198 patients with stage I–III non-small literature about performed bronchoplastic surgeries

cell LC was carried out: bronchoplastic operations for lung cancer in children [19].

were performed in 99 patients, pneumonectomies –

99. The median overall and recurrence-free survival CONCLUSION

was 51.4 and 55.2 months after bronchoplastic lo-

bectomies, and in patients after pneumonectomies A clinical case of a 15-year-old patient with a rath-

46.2 and 41.0 months, respectively. One-year, 3- and er rare adenocystic lung carcinoma who underwent

5-year recurrence-free survival in the group of bron- bronchoplastic lobectomy has been presented in

choplastic resections was 87.9 %, 64.2 % and 52.3 %, this article. There is no data for the progression and

respectively, versus 88.1 %, 61.6 % and 37.9 % in the recurrence of the process, the patient is currently

group after pneumonectomies [15]. under dynamic observation.

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Information about authors:

Dmitrii A. Kharagezov – Cand. Sci. (Med.), MD, Head of the Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology,

Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0640-2994, SPIN: 5120-0561, AuthorID: 733789, ResearcherID: AAZ-3638-2021, Scopus Author ID: 56626499300

Ellada A. Mirzoyan  – Cand. Sci. (Med.), MD, oncologist, researcher at the Department of Thoracic Oncology, of National Medical Research Centre

for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0328-9714, SPIN: 2506-8605, AuthorID: 1002948, ResearcherID: AAZ-2780-2021, Scopus Author ID: 57221118516

Yulia Yu. Kozel – Dr. Sci. (Med.), MD, Head of the Department of Pediatric Oncology, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don,

Russian Federation

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6681-3253, SPIN: 6923-7360, AuthorID: 732882, ResearcherID: AAZ-2780-2021, Scopus Author ID: 57221118516

44

Южно-Российский онкологический журнал 2024. Т. 5, № 4. С. 38-45

Харагезов Д. А., Мирзоян Э. А., Козель Ю. Ю., Мкртчян Г. А., Антонян А. А., Айрапетова Т. Г., Лейман И. А., Милакин А. Г., Статешный О. Н. Случай выполнения

бронхопластической операции пациентке пятнадцати лет с редкой аденокистозной карциномой легкого

Gulnara A. Mkrtchyan – MD, pediatric surgeon at the Department of Pediatric Oncology No. 2, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology,

Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5202-7681, SPIN: 1861-5165, AuthorID: 794720

Artur A. Antonyan – PhD student, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6449-7026, ResearcherID: JWQ-0734-2024

Tamara G. Ayrapetova – Cand. Sci. (Med.), MD, Oncologist at the Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology,

Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5287-5800, SPIN: 8121-4039, AuthorID: 794672

Igor A. Leyman – Cand. Sci. (Med.), MD, Oncologist at the Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology,

Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2572-1624, SPIN: 2551-0999, AuthorID: 735699

Anton G. Milakin – MD, oncologist at the Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russian

Federation

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2589-7606, SPIN: 7737-4737, AuthorID: 794734, Scopus Author ID: 57192109933

Oleg N. Stateshny – MD, oncologist at the Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don,

Russian Federation

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4513-7548, SPIN: 9917-1975, AuthorID: 1067071

Contribution of the authors:

Kharagezov D. A., Kozel Yu.Yu. – scientific editing.

Mirzoyan E. A., Antonyan A. A. – writing the draft; data processing.

Mkrtchyan G. A., Ayrapetova T. G., Leyman I. A., Milakin A. G., Stateshny O. N. – data collection, analysis, technical editing, reference list arrangement.

45