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A.G. Salikhov, ShV. Nafiqoff (А.Г. Салихов, Ш.В. Нафиков) УДК 001(092):930.2:81(=512.1)
VIVID TRACE OF THE BASHKIR SCHOLAR I.G. GALYAUTDINOV* IN THE TURKIC AND ORIENTAL STUDIES (ЯРКИЙ СЛЕД БАШКИРСКОГО УЧЕНОГО ИГ. ГАЛЯУТДИНОВА В ТЮРКОЛОГИИ И ВОСТОКОВЕДЕНИИ)
Аннотация
Статья посвящена научной и научно-организационной деятельности члена-корреспондента Академии наук Республики Башкортостан, доктора филологических наук, профессора Ишмухамета Гильмутдиновича Галяут-динова, внесшего большой вклад в развитие российской гуманитарной науки. Он известен в научных кругах России и за рубежом как исследователь истории литературного языка и народных игр башкир. Ученый принял участие в научных экспедициях по сбору и изучению рукописных и старопечатных книг на арабском, персидском и тюркских языках. И.Г. Галяутдинов сыграл большую роль в развитии академической науки Башкортостана. Прошел путь от стажера-исследователя до заведующего отделом Института истории, языка и литературы УФИЦ РАН. В Академии наук РБ вначале был главным ученым секретарем, затем - академиком-секретарем Отделения гуманитарных наук. Будучи ректором Уфимского государственного института искусств имени За-гира Исмагилова, ученый внес вклад в его развитие.
И.Г. Галяутдинов является автором более трехсот научных публикаций, в т.ч. фундаментальных трудов по истории письменного башкирского языка.
Ключевые слова: И.Г. Галяутдинов, история языка, башкирский язык, письменные памятники, детские игры, восточные рукописи, текстология, археография
Akhat G. Salikhov, Shamil V. Nafiqoff
VIVID TRACE OF THE BASHKIR SCHOLAR I.G. GALYAUTDINOV IN THE TURKIC AND ORIENTAL STUDIES
Abstract
The article is devoted to the scientific and scientific-organizational activities of Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Doctor of Philology, Professor Ishmukhamet Gilmutdinovich Galyautdinov, who made a great contribution to the development of the Russian humanities. He is known in scientific
* Galyautdinov Ishmukhamet Gilmutdinovich (1.01.1948, Suraman village, Uchaly district, Republic of Bashkortostan, 10.10.2015, Ufa, buried in his homeland), a noted linguist.
Салихов Ахат Губаевич, кандидат исторических наук, заведующий отделом восточных рукописей Института истории, языка и литературы Уфимского федерального исследовательского центра РАН (Уфа), e-mail: ahatsalihov@mail.ru
Нафиков Шамил Валеевич, кандидат филологических наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела языкознания с лабораторией лингвистики и информационных технологий Института истории, языка и литературы Уфимского федерального исследовательского центра РАН (Уфа), e-mail: nafiqoff@mail.ru
Akhat G. Salikhov, Cand.Sc. (History), Head of the Department of Oriental Manuscripts, Institute of History, Language and Literature, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences (Ufa), e-mail: ahatsalihov@mail.ru
Shamil V Nafiqoff, Cand.Sc. (Philology), Senior Researcher at the Department of Linguistics with the Laboratory for Linguistics and Information Technologies, Institute of History, Language and Literature, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences (Ufa), e-mail: nafiqoff@mail.ru
© SalikhovA.G., Nafiqoff Sh.V (Салихов А.Г., Нафиков Ш.В.), 2018
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SalikhovA.G., NafiqoffSh.V
circles of Russia and abroad as a researcher of the history of the literary language and folk games of the Bashkirs. The scholar took part in scientific expeditions to collect and study manuscript and early printed books in the Arabic, Persian and Turkic languages. I.G. Galyautdinov played an important role in the development of the academic science of Bashkortostan. He traveled the path from a research trainee to the head of the Department of the Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Ufa Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan our scholar was at first the chief scientific secretary, then the Academician-secretary of the Humanities Department. Being the rector of the Ufa State Institute of Arts named after Zagir Ismagilov, the scholar contributed much to its development.
I.G. Galyautdinov has authored more than three hundred scholarly publications, including fundamental works on the history of written Bashkir language.
Key words: I.G. Galyautdinov, history of language, Bashkir language, written monuments, children's games, Oriental manuscripts, textology, archeography
Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of Bashkortostan (1995), Doctor of Philology (1992), Professor (1994), Honored Worker of Culture of the Russian Federation (2005) and the BASSR (1986), Honorary Worker of Higher Professional Education of the Russian Federation (2008) Ishmukhamet Gilmutdinovich Galyautdinov has made a great contribution to the development of Russian humanitarian science. In his scientific activity we consider two aspects: first, as a Turkologist, Orientalist, who left significant works in the history of the Bashkir literary language and a researcher of the Bashkir folk games; secondly, it is necessary to note his organizational contribution to the development of the academic science of Bashkortostan.
After graduating from the Republican boarding school No. 1 in Ufa (1964), he entered the philological department of Bashkir State University. As a student he began to take interest in science, which was taken notice of by leading scholars, such as D.G. Kiekbaev, N.V. Bikbulatov, N.A. Mazhitov and others. Under the guidance of the cultural anthropologist N.V. Bikbulatov I. Galyautdinov the student took part in an ethnographic expedition, during which he collected manuscripts and early printed books in the Eastern languages for the Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Urals Branch of RAS. It was in his student years that he began actively publishing materials on the Bashkir folk games. Interests related to the two specified fields of science determined his future research activity, he created works that rank among the most authoritative ones.
After graduating from the University (1969) he started working at the Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Ufa Science Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In his development as a scholar, an important role was played by an internship at the A. Pushkin research Institute of Language and Literature of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan (1971-1973), as well as by a postgradu-
ate study at the Institute of Linguistics of the USSR Academy of Sciences in Moscow (1973-1976). In 1977, under the guidance of the well-known Turkologist, Doctor of Philology, Honorary Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan Edhyam Rakhimovich Tenishev he defended his Ph.D. thesis for the scholarly degree of a Candidate of Philological Sciences (Moscow, Institute of Linguistics of the USSR Academy of Sciences) on the theme Tarikh Name-i Bulgar by Tadzhetdin Yalsygulov (Linguistic and Textological analysis of a list of monuments. Phonological interpretation of its graphics. Morphology). Later this work became a new phenomenon in Bashkir linguistics and was repeatedly published as a separate book. Evaluating this work Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Honorary Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the RB E.R. Tenishev said that "this type of work ... is not a frequent phenomenon in Turkology" [6, p. 4]. According to the well-known Tatar linguist I. Abdullin, this is "a methodically verified study revealing the phonetic, morphological and lexical system of the 19th century Volga-Turkic, operating on a vast territory from the Baltic to the Far East. It is an uncontested success of the author and the editor-in-chief Edhyam Tenishev, who created his school of researchers of the history of Turkic literary languages" [5, p. 136].
As an investigator of the history of the Bashkir literary language, I.G. Galyautdinov took part in writing the collective monograph Essays on the history of the Bashkir literary language (co-authors: Khalikova R.Kh., Ishberdin E.F., Uraksin Z.G.), published for the first time by the Moscow Nauka publishing house in 1989.
His work in the history of the written Bashkir language clearly shows the period of development of the written language of the Turks of the Urals-Volga region in the XIX - early XX century, as well as his attitude to the modern Bashkir literary language.
VIVID TRACE OF THE BASHKIR SCHOLAR I.G. GALYAUTDINOV IN THE TURKIC.
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They became a new phenomenon in Turkology, which formed the basis of his doctoral thesis History of Bashkir Literary Language (XIX - early XX century) (1992, Moscow, Institute of Linguistics, RAS). Professor of the Moscow State University, Doctor of Philology E. Grunina noting the relevance of this work said that it "will occupy its place in the general Turkic theory, theory and practice of the description of the Turkic literary languages" [6, p. 4]. Studies in this direction were published in a separate monograph Two centuries of the Bashkir literary language, the first edition of which was published in 2000.
Investigators of the academic activity of I.G. Ga-yautdinov noted that due to his fundamental research "the view was justified and generally accepted that today's Bashkir language goes back to three main sources: the folk-spoken language, that of folklore and the Turkic bookish language of the Urals-Volga region" [2, p. 8].
I.G. Galyautdinov continued to work on the study of the Bashkir folk games. Studies in this field were published in books, one of them being Bashkir folk games. Book One (Ufa: Kitap, 2001).
Since 1973, the Ufa Institute of History, Language and Literature of the RAS has intensified ar-chaeographic studies, which had been in progress for more than two decades. I.G. Galyautdinov took an active part in the field work, along with the field studies, one of the results of which was published in co-authorship with R.M. Bulgakov Description of the Eastern manuscripts of the Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Ufa Academic Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Part 1. Turkic manuscripts. Issue 2: Works of the XVIII-XX centuries (Ufa: Gilem, 2005). Together with the famous Bashkir literary critic G.B. Khusainov they published the album Decorations of the hand-written and old printed books of Bashkortostan (Ufa: Kitap, 2001).
One of I.G. Galyautdinov's innovative undertakings is published in co-authorship with F.I. Baishev and I.Z. Gaffarov viz. the first textbook of the Arabic language in Bashkir The Arabic Language: A Manual for Beginners (Ufa: Kitap, 1998).
In the research Institute of History, Linguistics and Literature of the Ufa Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences he began his career from the position of a laboratory assistant, trainee researcher to become the head of the Linguistics department. His organizational abilities were most fruitfully manifested during the work in the Acade-
my of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan, where he first appeared as the Chief Scientific Secretary of this National Academy (1993-1996), later in 1996-2006 being Academician-Secretary of the Department of the Humanities of the said Academy.
I.G. Galyautdinov successfully acted as rector of the Ufa State Institute of Arts named after Zagir Is-maghilov (2000-2010). Later, at the same place as the organizer, he was prominent as the head of the Bashkir language and culture department.
I.G. Galyautdinov attempted to maintain academic conjunctions with Russian and foreign scientists. In 1995-1996 he repeatedly lectured on the Bashkir language at Ankara University (Republic of Turkey). In 1996 in Paris (France) took part in the EXPOLANG-96 international exhibition, where he represented the achievements of science and culture of the Republic of Bashkortostan. In the years 2004-2006 he was elected president of the Society of Orientalists of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Under his leadership in 2005, the All-Russia Congress of Orientalists was organized and successfully held in Ufa.
Professor I.G. Galyautdinov was deputy chairman of the academic Bashkir Encyclopedia editorial publishing house, a member of the editorial board of the Vatandash socio-political magazine of the Republic of Bashkortostan, journals of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan - Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan and Problems of Oriental Studies, since 2010 he became the editor-in-chief of the latter. At the initial stage of the journal's creation, he participated in the elaboration of the concept of its development, in design work together with M.L. Ahma-dullin strengthened the Oriental bias of this edition. Being a specialist in Turkic studies he played an important role in the processing of articles with fragments in the Turkic languages (Uzbek, Kazakh, Yakut, etc.), as well as of manuscripts in the Arabic script. With his direct participation the Ufa State Academy of Arts named after Z. Ismaghilov started to publish a scientific journal Music Scholarship.
Being an expert on the Arabic script Old Turki language, he taught this tongue to students of Bashkir State University and at the Z. Ismaghilov Fine Arts academy.
Under his guidance, a number of graduate students successfully defended their Ph.D. theses in Philology and History, incl. G.R. Ilyasova, A.G. Sa-likhov, G.D. Salamatova, G.B. Akhmetgaliyeva, A.Kh. Kudabaeva, A.Yu. Synbulatova et al.
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SalikhovA.G., Nafiqoff Sh.V.
I.G. Galyautdinov is a well-known researcher of Oriental manuscripts and early printed books of the Urals and Volga region, who has published more than 300 scholarly works. Our colleague contributed to the archaeography, textology, codicolo-gy, history, theory and methodology of the Bashkir literary language, as well as to the study of children's folklore.
He was the head of the Terminological Service at the Commission for the Implementation of the Law of the Republic of Bashkortostan "On the Languages of the Peoples of the Republic of Bashkortostan" under the auspices of the Government of our Republic (2005-2010). The scholar was elected a member of the Dissertation Council D 212.013.06 for the philological sciences at the Bashkir State University and the Dissertations Council 210.008.01 dealing with the musical art of the Magnitogorsk State Conservatory (Academy).
From the very beginning of his labour activity he actively participated in the public life of the bodies he worked at. In the Institute of History, Linguistics and Literature of the Ufa Academic Center, the Russian Academy of Sciences the late professor was a member of the Kubair folk ensemble; in 1984, as part of the train-bound delegation "Druzhba" visited East Germany. Galyautdinov I. participated in the work of the "Bashkortostan -Turkey", "Bashkortostan - Korea" friendship societies.
Famous Turkologists, such as Doctor of Philology A.N. Baskakov, Professor D.M. Nasilov, Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan Z.G. Uraksin, Corresponding Member T.M. Garipov have highly appreciated I. Galyautdinov's contribution to the history of the Bashkir literary language. T. Garipov wrote that "I. Galyautdinov is a qualified specialist in the field of Turkic written monuments. One of the few who mastered a method of reading and interpreting handwritten and old printed sources in the Old Turki language, possessing expertise of their description and study" [6, p. 5].
The role of I.G. Galyautdinov in the development of science and cultural life of the Republic of Bashkortostan has been aptly described by the famous Bashkir author Mawlit Yamaletdinov: "... He left his father's house, "armed" with knowledge and growing up, having accumulated a vast life experience and conquering the heights of science to become one of the prominent figures of Bashkortostan. ...Ish-mukhamet Galyautdinov, having fared through all the trials, survived all the vicissitudes of fate, managing
to remain in the full sense of the word a perfect person, combining the best qualities of his people in himself - it is the unlimited love for Motherland, the greatest worship and faithfulness to the spiritual traditions of our native land. His sincerity towards people and a deep understanding that the ideas of humanism shall ultimately triumph have helped one of the outstanding personalities of our time confidently meet the future ... With the greatest hope, vivid dreams and bright thoughts!" [6, p. 157].
His contribution to the Turkic and Oriental scholarship is sure to serve future generations of scholars.
ИСТОЧНИКИ
1. Булгаков Р.М., Галяутдинов И.Г. Описание восточных рукописей института истории, языка и литературы УНЦ РАН. Уфа: Гилем, 2009. Ч. 1: Тюркские рукописи. 456 с.
2. Галяутдинов И.Г. Башкирский литературный язык и проблемы востоковедения: сб. статей / сост. Р.М. Булгаков, Ф.С. Тикеев, Я.Ф. Набиуллин, А.Х. Ку-дабаева. Уфа: Гилем, 2008. 408 с.
3. Галяутдинов Ишмухамет Гильмутдинович: Биобиблиографический указатель / сост. Г.Р. Ильясова, А.Г. Салихов, Р.М. Булгаков; вступ. статья Р.М. Булгакова; приложения Р. Шакурова, Р. Шагиева. Уфа: Гилем, 2005. 76 с.
4. Галяутдинов И.Г. Два века башкирского литературного языка / отв. ред З.Г. Ураксин. Уфа: Гилем, 2000. 448 с.
5. Галяутдинов И.Г. «Тарих нама-и булгар» Тад-жетдина Ялсыгулова (Лингвотекстологический анализ списков памятника. Грамматический очерк, лексика, сводный текст и перевод). 2-е перераб. и доп. изд. Уфа: Китап, 1998. 272 с.
6. Ямалетдинов М. Ишмухамет Галяутдинов. Документальная повесть с иллюстрациями. Уфа: Проф-издат, 2009. 192 с. (на башк., рус. яз.).
REFERENCES
1. Bulgakov, R.M., Galyautdinov, I.G. Opisaniye vostochnykh rukopisey instituta istorii, yazyka i liter-atury UNTSRAN. Ch. 1: Tyurkskiye rukopisi [Description of the Eastern Manuscripts of the Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Ufa RC, RAS. Part 1: Turkic Manuscripts]. Ufa: Gilem, 2009. 456 p. (in Russ.).
2. Galyautdinov, I.G. Bashkirskiy literaturnyy yazyk i problemy vostokovedeniya: sb. statey [Bashkir Literary Language and Problems of Oriental Studies: Collection of Articles]. Comp. R.M. Bulgakov, F.S. Tikeyev, Ya.F. Na-biullin, A.Kh. Kudabayeva. Ufa: Gilem, 2008. 408 p. (in Russ.).
3. Galyautdinov Ishmukhamet Gilmutdinovich: Bio-bibliograficheskiy ukazatel' [Galyautdinov Ishmukhamet Gilmutdinovich: Bibliographic Index]. Comp. G.R. Il-yasova, A.G. Salikhov, R.M. Bulgakov; Foreword by R.M. Bulgakov; Supplement by R. Shakurov, R. Shagiev. Ufa: Gilem, 2005. 76 p.
4. Galyautdinov, I.G. Dva veka bashkirskogo litera-turnogo yazyka [Two Centuries of the Bashkir Literary
language]. Ed. Z.G. Uracksin. Ufa: Gilem, 2000. 448 p. (in Russ.).
5. Galyautdinov, I.G. "Tarikh nama-i bulgar" Tad-zhetdina Yalsygulova (Lingvotekstologicheskiy analiz spiskov pamyatnika. Grammaticheskiy ocherk, leksika, svodnyy tekst iperevod) [Tarikh nama-i bulgar of Tadzhet-din Yalsygulov (Linguistic and Textological Analysis of the Versions of the Monument., Grammatical Essay, Lexicon, Consolidated Text and Translation). 2nd revised ed. Ufa: Kitap, 1998. 272 p. (in Bashkir and Russ.).
6. Yamaletdinov, M. Ishmukhamet Galyautdinov. Dokumental 'naya povest' s illyustratsiyami [Ishmukhamet Galyautdinov. A Documentary Long Story, Illustrated]. Ufa: Profizdat, 2009. 192 p. (in Bashkir and Russ.).
Г.А. Басырова УДК 811.512.25
ВИДЫ НАЗЫВНЫХ ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЙ В БАШКИРСКОЙ РАЗГОВОРНОЙ РЕЧИ
Аннотация
В данной статье рассматриваются в единстве и взаимосвязи три аспекта назывных предложений: семантический, структурный и функциональный. В качестве основного фактического исследования послужили образцы башкирской разговорной речи.
Назывные предложения используются в разговорной речи, придавая тексту лаконичность, эмоциональность, краткость, динамику, дают возможность избежать излишнего повторения местоимений. Они играют ведущую роль в описании, т.к. обеспечивают выразительность и наглядность изображения. В них явление, процесс, события, картина, предмет обычно только называются.
В башкирской разговорной речи рассматриваются следующие виды назывных предложений: назывное описательное, назывное со значением эмоции, назывное со значением пожелания, назывное со значением брани. Они являются формой, служащей для экономного и экспрессивного выражения утверждения о существовании предметов, явлений, действий, признаков.
В данной статье термин «разговорная речь» понимается как речь персонажей художественной литературы, в первую очередь, драматических произведений. Привлекались также конструкции монологической речи (из авторских повествований, диалектной речи, записей живой речи). Мы считаем, что главные синтаксические особенности разговорной речи отразились именно в художественной литературе.
Ключевые слова: разговорная речь, назывные предложения, глагол, описание, эмоция, пожелания, брань
Басырова Гульнара Ахатовна, кандидат филологических наук, доцент кафедры башкирской филологии факультета башкирской и тюркской филологии Стерлитамакского филиала Башкирского государственного университета (Стерлитамак), e-mail: bas-gulnara@yandex.ru
Gulnara A. Basyrova, Cand.Sc. (Philology), Associate Professor of the Department of Bashkir Philology, Faculty of Bashkir and Turkic Philology, Sterlitamak Branch, Bashkir State University (Sterlitamak), e-mail: bas-gulnara@yandex.ru
© Басырова Г.А., 2018
