CC BY
32
Galina N. Dudka - senior teacher, FGBOU VO "Kuban State University of Physical Culture, Sports
and Tourism" (KGUFKST), 161, St. Budennogo, Krasnodar, 350015, Russia
Vasiliy I. Tkhorev - doctor of pedagogical sciences, professor, FGBOU VO "Kuban State University
of Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism" (KGUFKST), 161, St. Budennogo, Krasnodar, 350015,
Russia
For citations: Arshinnik S.P., Dudka G.N., Tkhorev V.I. To the question of the physical culture lesson content and structure development, aimed at the TRP complex standards implementation training, The Russian journal of physical education and sport (pedagogico-psychological and medico-biological problems of physical culture and sports), 2017, Vol. 12, No.2, pp. 58-64.
DOI 10.14526/01_2017_208
WEIGHTLIFTING MEANS EFFECTIVENESS DURING POWER ABILITIES DEVELOPMENT AMONG 9-11-YEAR-OLD CHILDREN
Anton A. Bezzubov - postgraduate student Vasiliy S. Belyaev - doctor of biological sciences, professor Dmitriy N. Chernogorov - candidate of pedagogics, associate professor Pedagogical Institute of Physical Culture and Sport
Moscow Municipal Pedagogical University, 32 korp.4, Balaklavskijpr., Moscow, 117303, Russia
E-mail: chernogorovnikola@rambler.ru
Annotation. In the article the effectiveness of weightlifting elements in harmonization of 9-11 year-old pupils physical development is proved, antropometric development and power development indices in the author's methodology of power abilities development are corresponding. Material. The empirical basis of the research was the measurement of antropometric and morpho-functional indicators, indicators of test exercises for general and special physical training of 9-11 years pupils in the control and experimental groups. Methods. Theoretical and methodological analysis of the power abilities development in primary school children, pedagogical observation, anthropometry, pedagogical testing, pedagogical experiment, methods of statistical data analysis are applied. Effectiveness of the weightlifting means and methods use in the educational program of non-specialized educational institutions for children of primary school age is confirmed, an annual program of an educational course on the development ofpower skills taking into consideration our methodology is corrected. Conclusion. By the results of the empirical data analysis, tendencies of physical development harmonization are revealed and the growth of performance indicators in the experimental group general education key areas of knowledge is confirmed
Keywords: physical culture and sports activity, students, unity of motor and intellectual activity, personality-oriented approach, physical readiness, attendance and academic performance.
As a result of considering the format, structure, elements and the algorithm of the program of power abilities development, by means of weightlifting among primary school age children, current physical development
indices among children of this age group were analyzed in different regions of the Russian Federation and were compared with the normatives of WHO (World Health Organization) (Publication: "Disharmonie
modern physical development of 9-11-year-old children"). As a result the urgency of creation and introduction of new physical development methods among children was proved experimentally. The base for this statement is revealed in all studied regions disharmonic character of morphologic-functional state of children, including evident overweight in terms of deceleration in growth and unproportional development of chest and waist. Scientists come to the conclusion that it can be conditioned by a new form of asthenization and it needs measures creation in order to level these negative indices and harmonize children's physical development [4, 5, 7].
The aim of the research: to study the formation of power abilities among 9-11-year-old children and create the methodology of their development by means of weightlifting.
The object of the research: the process of power abilities formation among primary school age children (9-11-year-old).
The subject of the research: means and methods of weightlifting, which provide effective increase of power abilities indices among primary school age children.
Objectives of the research:
1. To analyze theoretical-methodological basis of power abilities formation among pupils, in particular modern approaches with the use of weightlifting means and methods, taking into consideration age-related peculiarities.
2. To create the program of the research determining and substantiating the most effective methods.
3. To create experimental substantiation of the power abilities development methodology among primary school age children using weightlifting means and methods while creating:
a) content and structure of the experimental methodology;
b) means for power abilities development among pupils;
c) the plan of physical load distribution in terms of physical fitness of pupils.
4. To estimate the effectiveness of the created power abilities development
methodology among primary school age children:
a) to analyze the dynamics of changes and results of anthropometric indices increase and morphological-functional characteristics among 9-11-year-old pupils in the control and experimental groups;
b) to fulfill the comparative analysis of indices changes dynamics in test exercises of physical fitness among 9-11-year-old children in the control and the experimental groups;
c) to study the influence of power abilities development with the help of weightlifting means on the level of progress among primary school age children in terms of educational program;
d) to create practical recommendations, concerning power abilities formation among primary school age children with the help of weightlifting means, on the basis of the research results.
Research methods and research organization. Pedagogical experiment was held during September-October, 2016 at Moscow gymnasium №491. Two 2nd forms and one 3rd form took part in the experiment. The number of children was 84: control group 1 (the 2nd form pupils)-29 people; control group 2 (the 3rd form pupils)- 26 people; experimental group (the 2nd form pupils)-29 people.
The first stage of the research works included the first (introductory) test, teaching correct fulfillment of the exercises and the stated load.
The second stage included pedagogical experiment itself, which provided different means and methods use (September-October, 2016) in terms of Physical culture educational program, unit "Track and field". In the control groups lessons were held according to generally adopted program; in the experimental group a lesson was divided into two parts: the 1st part -25 minutes were given for mastering the means of generally adopted program; the 2nd part- 20 minutes was devoted to created by us methodology, using weightlifting means (table 1). At the end of the second stage one more test was held (October, 2016).
The main criterion of the pedagogical experiment was the increase in test exercises. Table 1 - Methodological recommendations concerning weightlifting means introduction into the unit "Track and field" of Physical culture general educational program for the 2nd-3rd forms
Units Name of the exercise Dosing The influence of the load on the definite groups of muscles Organizational -methodical recommendations
Track and field 1. Jumps on a low vaulting box 5/5; 2. Burpee 5/5 3. Bodybar chest press 5/5 weight 4kg 20 min Legs muscles strengthening, explosive power of the developed groups of muscles upbringing Back straight, jumps are fulfilled from half-squat position, bent knees. Two legs push-off. Burpee is fulfilled from prone position at bent arms, after a press-up stand up and clap hands behind neck.
Track and field 1. Jumps with bodybar from sitting position 6/5, weight 3 kg 2. triple jumps 3/3 3. Prelum 15/3 20min Exercises for back and legs muscles. Jumps arte fulfilled from sitting position jumping upwards, back straight, bodybar is settled on the shoulders.
Track and field 1. Squatting grasp with a jerk, with bodybar. 5/5weight 4kg 2. Bodybar pull with a jerk 5/5, weight 6kg 3. "Boat" exercise10 s/3 20min Exercises for holding balance, for legs and back muscles. Hands straight, bodybar is over the head. Rest between the attempts 40-50 sec. "Boat" exercise is fulfilled with back straight and lumbus bent, hands behind the head.
Track and field 1. Jumps on a high vaulting box 6/5 2. Medball throwing behind-the-neck sitting, 1kg 3/3 7min Legs and arms muscles strengthening, speedpower qualities and explosive power development. Back straight, landing in jumping is fulfilled with the legs bent. Two legs push-off. Throwing with two hands behind-the-neck.
Track and field 1. Arms bending-extension exercise with a medball behind-the-neck, 2kg 12/3 2. bodybar press from sitting position, 5/5 weight 4kg 20min Exercises strengthen arms and back muscles. Arms bend till 90 degrees, unbend straight upwards, press from sitting position is fulfilled with the back straight.
Track and field 1. Jumps on a low vaulting box 7/5, 2. Burpee 7/5 20 min Exercise strengthens legs muscles, develops speed-power qualities, press Back straight, jumps are fulfilled with half-squat position. Two legs push-off. Burpee is fulfilled from
Units Name of the exercise Dosing The influence of the load on the definite groups of muscles Organizational -methodical recommendations
3. Bodybar chest press 8/5, weight 4kg develops shoulder girdle muscles. prone position at bent arms, after a press-up stand and clap hands behind neck.
Track and field 1. Jumps on a high vaulting box 8/4. 2. Medball throwing behind-the-neck sitting, 2kg 3/3 3. Press-up against a bench 12/3 20min Exercise strengthens legs muscles, develops physical qualities. Develops arms and chest muscles. Back straight, jumps are fulfilled with half-squat position. Two legs push-off. Throwing with two hands behind-the-neck.
Track and field 1. squatting with bodybar at chest 5/5 2. Bodybar pull with a jerk 5/4 3. "Boat" exercise 10s/3 20min Exercises for holding balance, for legs and back muscles. Hands bent, bodybar is on the chest, back is bent back, elbows ahead. Rest between the attempts 40-50 sec. "Boat" exercise is fulfilled with back straight and lumbus bent, hands behind a head. Pull is fulfilled with a broad grasp.
Research results and their discussion.
As a result of empiric data it was possible to reveal considerable differences in several anthropometric and morphological-functional indices.
Concerning arms, legs, back muscles strength evident improvement was among the experimental group (EG), where in comparison with both control groups, there was a harmonious increase.
In the control group 1 (CG1) power indices of back, legs muscles have insignificant increase: maximum increase value - 12 kg, the average index increase -3kg. At the same time, the index of arms power has more distinct increase. Power indices increase after the experiment is proportional to initial power indices before the experiment).
In the control group 2 (CG2) power indices also increased not so evidently: the average increase of back dynamometry index was 3,9 kg, carpal dynamometry-3 kg. In some cases changes were absent. At the same time, we can see disproportional development of back and carpal dynamometry indices- back and legs muscles development "doesn't coincide" with hands muscles development among pupils from the control group 2.
At the same time, in the EG there is evident power indices increase of hands, back, legs muscles in a clear ratio ("balance") of indices after the experiment with the indices at the beginning of the experiment.
Picture 1- Results dynamics of back and carpal dynamometry testing before and after the
experiment in control group 1(n-29), kg Динамометрическая тяга (становая динамометрия), до эксперимента - Dynamometric draft (back dynamometry), before the experiment
Динамометрическая тяга (становая динамометрия), после эксперимента -Dynamometric draft (back dynamometry), after the experiment
Динамометрия-правая рука (кистевая динамометрия), до эксперимента-Dynamometry-right hand (carpal dynamometry), before the experiment
Динамометрия-правая рука (кистевая динамометрия), после эксперимента-Dynamometry-right hand (carpal dynamometry), after the experiment
Control group 1
The indices of a harmonious increase of height didn't change, but, undoubtedly, changed natural values.
Concerning weight there is break decrease in the separate values and it means, that there is some level of harmonization at the end of the experiment.
In the coefficient of weight and height ratio some harmonization is proved and it is the sign of positive changes.
Variance decrease (variation) of dynamometric draft to 11, 13 units, range decrease to 8 units and lower bound increase to 8 units prove more homogeneous results at the end of the experimental period. At the same time, considerable change was in the homogeneous character of the index increase -
back and legs muscles power developed and became more harmonious. Right hand dynamometry has insignificant decrease of all indices.
The range of chest volume indices didn't change, but inconsiderably increased the break between the separate values (variance) -from 3,71 to 3,78 units, and in general it gives the idea of the single deviations, conditioned by age-related changes. The range of shoulder circumference also didn't change. At the same time, the spread in some values decreased insignificantly. Lower arm circumference, the increase of the upper border of values, the average index and of variation of the separate values increased. It can be said, that there is insignificant development of a forearm in the absolute value inside CG1.
Waist line stayed the same, the level of the separate values variation decreased - the index of insignificant harmonization in waist development.
There is insignificant increase of the hip circumference mean value and the level of some values variation decreased - the index of insignificant harmonization in a hip development.
More significant increase got the mean value of calf circumference and insignificantly increased some values variance - the index of changes absence in calf development harmonization.
60
50 40 30 20 10 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
^—Динамометрическая тяга (становая динамометрия), до эксперимента ^—Динамометрическая тяга (становая динамометрия), после эксперимента
-Динамометрия - правая рука (кистевая динамометрия}, до эксперимента
-Динамометрия - правая рука (кистевая динамометрия}, после эксперимента
Picture 2 - Results dynamics of back and carpal dynamometry testing before and after the
experiment in control group 2(n-26), kg Динамометрическая тяга (становая динамометрия), до эксперимента - Dynamometric draft (back dynamometry), before the experiment
Динамометрическая тяга (становая динамометрия), после эксперимента - Dynamometric draft (back dynamometry), after the experiment
Динамометрия-правая рука (кистевая динамометрия), до эксперимента- Dynamometry-right hand (carpal dynamometry), before the experiment
Динамометрия-правая рука (кистевая динамометрия), после эксперимента- Dynamometry-right hand (carpal dynamometry), after the experiment
Picture3 - Results dynamics of back and carpal dynamometry testing before and after the experiment in the experimental group (n-29), kg Динамометрическая тяга (становая динамометрия), до эксперимента - Dynamometric draft (back dynamometry), before the experiment
Динамометрическая тяга (становая динамометрия), после эксперимента -Dynamometric draft (back dynamometry), after the experiment
Динамометрия-правая рука (кистевая динамометрия), до эксперимента- Dynamometry-right hand (carpal dynamometry), before the experiment
Динамометрия-правая рука (кистевая динамометрия), после эксперимента-Dynamometry-right hand (carpal dynamometry), after the experiment Thus, the situation with the groups is the following:
Control group 2
In CG2 height increase was more evident - minimal and maximum values increased, as well as the mean value. At the same time, the difference inside the group index increased and it proves heterogeneity of development. In weight of the respondents there was also proportional increase, relevant to age period and passed time. The variance of weight indices inside the group slightly increased.
In the coefficient of weight and height ratio within one academic year changes are insignificant - some spread in values decrease, but a lower bound of weight and height values reflects the increase. Considerably reduced the break of values inside the group according to dynamometric draft index and it proves a considerable harmonization level of back and legs muscles power index.
In carpal dynamometry in CG2 the range of values increased, at the same time, inner "consistency" of values almost didn't change - the level of development harmony in dynamics didn't change.
In chest circumference changes in natural volume were insignificant and the indices of development harmony slightly increased. The situation with lower arms, waist and shin circumferences is the same.
Hip circumference is distinguished by a moderate decrease of indices range, it means that there is some harmonization of development.
Experimental group Height changes among children from the EG is the same as with children from the CG2, and changes in weight are the same as with the children from the CG1: height increase with weight increase in terms of
increasing inside the group difference in height (disbalance) and decreasing difference in weight (balance).
Bodymass index reflects
harmonization of development.
Considerable changes in terms of both control groups are seen in muscles power indices, especially in back and legs muscles-mean value of the index increased 2,5 times.
Mean value of carpal dynamometry showed the increase twice relative to both control groups. At the same time, in the range of values there is a positive increase relative to the groups 1,5-1,8 times.
Chest, shoulder and forearm circumference was measured more evenly, than in the control groups and formed more harmonious results of values.
It should be noted that waist circumference decreased in the range of the values and in natural value and it together with insignificant changes of dispersion also can be considered as the index of harmonization.
Less expressed are the indices of hip and calf circumferences (but they are in the range of the same values).
On the basis of the received results the offered author's program for development harmonization of primary school age children is directed at power of the main muscular groups development and strengthening, symmetric body shape and correct bearing formation, weight-height characteristics correction of 9-11-year-old children.
The received results of children's development at the end of the experiment are compared with the norms of WHO (World Health Organization) (Publication: "Disharmonic modern physical development of 9-11-year-old children").
In CG1 there is not high general level of changes in anthropometric and morpho-functional indices. In CG2 there is also not high general level of changes in anthropometric and morpho-functional indices, at the same time, the key direction is in the sphere of physical development and power indices development disbalance.
According to the analysis of empiric data the tendencies of physical development harmonization in the experimental group are revealed, where power development indices considerably exceed the level of the control groups. High results in these exercises among the pupils from the experimental group are conditioned by power orientation of the used loads and the increase of muscular mass in case of regular training.
During progress in studies comparison (table 2) among primary school age children according to the program of comprehensive school there is a higher statistics of progress among the pupils from the EG in comparison with the pupils from the control groups in most cases, which is conditioned by a high level of organization and stress resistance by means of volitional qualities upbringing during physical culture lessons on the basis of created by us methodology.
Subject Average grade, EG Average grade, CG1 Average grade, CG2 Mean value according to 2 CG The level of progress increase EG
English 4,3 4 4 4 0,3
Fine arts 4,7 4,8 4,5 5 0,0
Computer science (Information- communication 4,9 4,8 4,3 5 0,3
technologies ICT)
Dramatic reading 4,5 4,3 4,2 4 0,3
Table 2 - Statistics of progress in studies among primary school age children according to the
course of educational program
Subject Average grade, EG Average grade, CG1 Average grade, CG2 Mean value according to 2 CG The level of progress increase EG
Mathematics 4,3 3,8 3,9 4 0,4
Music 5 5 4,7 5 0,1
Surrounding world 4,4 4,3 4,3 4 0,1
Russian 4,1 3,6 3,8 4 0,4
Technology 5 5 5 5 0,0
Physical culture 5 5 4,9 5 0,0
The system of self-control, which is an integral part of physical exercises, organizes and conditions all spheres of children's life, first of all, during new knowledge gaining and mastering.
Conclusion.
In terms of the research in order to solve the set objectives we analyzed the main theoretical-methodological approaches to the process of power abilities formation among 911-year-old children with author's definitions revelation for further work. Weightlifting means and methods were qualified in order to develop effectively power abilities among primary school age children, on the basis of which the author's methodology was created and experimentally substantiated and also the course of physical culture lessons was formed for unspecialized general education establishment.
The program of the research was created with the most effective methods determination and substantiation.
Experimental substantiation of the power abilities development methodology among primary school age children is created with the use of weightlifting means and methods use:
a) content and structure of the experimental methodology;
b) means for power abilities development among pupils;
c) the plan of physical load distribution in terms of pupils physical fitness.
The effectiveness of the created methodology of power abilities development among primary school age children was estimated:
a) the dynamics of changes and results of anthropometric indices increase and morphological-functional characteristics among 9-11-year-old pupils in the control and experimental groups was analyzed;
b) the comparative analysis of indices changes dynamics in test exercises of physical fitness among 9-11-year-old children in the control and the experimental groups was fulfilled;
c) practical recommendations, concerning power abilities formation among primary school age children with the help of weightlifting means, on the basis of the research results were created.
The main hypothesis, which was in educational program creation and introduction on the basis of weightlifting means and methods and which took into consideration age-related physiological and social-psychologic peculiarities of the age period and the specificity of unspecialized general education establishment, helped to have a positive influence on physical development of children, was proved.
In the experimental group of primary school age children a considerable increase of power indices development was proved in terms of the tendency to physical indices harmonization. In the control groups, where there were no elements of weightlifting in the program of physical development as the means of power abilities development, there were heterogeneous results, which reflected the absence of balance in physical development and power indices.
Also the sampling showed the presence of correlation between power abilities development by means of weightlifting and the
level of progress in studies among 9-11 year-old children.
The conclusions from the results of power abilities development analysis among primary school age children by means of weightlifting can be used at the stage of educational programs and curricula formation and realization at unspecialized general and further education establishments.
References
1. Belyaev V. S., Chernogorov D. N., Matveev Y. A., Tusher Y. L. Taktika trenera I metodicheskie podhody po profilaktike sportivnogo travmatizma v tyazheloj atletike [Tactics of a trainer and methodical approaches to sport traumatism prevention in weightlifting: materials of a congress]. Saint-Petersburg, publishing house "Olympus-SPb", 2011, pp. 318-319.
2. Kryazh V. M. Methods of testing the physical readiness of students. Vestnik sportivnoj Belorussii [Herald of sports Belarus], 1994, No. 1 (5), pp. 42-45. (in Russian).
3. Belyaev V. S., Tusher Y. L., Chernogorov D.N. Primernaya programma sportivnoj podgotovki po vidu sporta "Tyazhelaya atletika" [Model program of sports training in "Weightlifting"]. FSBE "Federal center of sports reserve training", Moscow, 2016, 245 p.
4. Stroeva, I. V. Tehnologiya razvitiya silovyh sposobnostej mal'chikov 7-10 let s uchetom ih individual'no-tipologicheskih osobennostej [Technology of development of power abilities of boys of 7-10 years taking into account their individual-typological features]. Moscow, 2000, 167 p.
5. Chernogorov D. N., Nikitin S.E. The impact of body-bulding on fitness shape of 15-17 year-old youths. Kul'tura fizicheskaya I zdorov'e [Cultures physical and health], 2013, No. 1(43), pp. 54-58. (in Russian).
6. Chernogorov D. N., Matveev Y. A., Belyaev V. S., Tusher Y. L. Methodology of asymmetry correction in physical development of sportsmen, who go in for armsport. Bulleten' Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta.
Submitted: 01.04.2017 Received: 03.04.2017
Seriya: Natural'nye nauki [Moscow State Pedagogical University bulletin. Series: Natural sciences], 2016, No. 3 (23), pp. 56-70. (in Russian).
7. Chernogorov D. N. Power abilities formation among 15-17 year-old pupils and methodology of their development by means of bodybuilding. Extended abstract of candidate's thesis. Moscow, 2013, 174 p. (in Russian).
8. Zatsiorsky V.M., Kraemer W.J. Science and practice of strength training, USA, 2006, 264 p.
9. Vavilov V.V. The importance of the control of the motivational sphere in the course of employment by the athletic exercises to prepare the standards of the TRP. Pedagogiko-psikhologicheskie i mediko-biologicheskie problemy fizicheskoi kul'tury i sporta [Pedagogical-psychological and medical-biological problems of physical culture and sport], 2015, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 25-31. Available at: http://wwwjournal-science.org/ru/article/114.html. DOI 10.14526/29_2015_29.
10. Aftimichuc O.E., Kuznetsova Z.M. The importance of vocational rhythm in the system of vocational and sports training. Pedagogiko-psikhologicheskie i mediko-biologicheskie problemy fizicheskoi kul'tury i sporta [Pedagogical-psychological and medical-biological problems of physical culture and sport], 2015, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 28-38. Available at: http ://www. j ournal-science.org/ru/article/157.html. DOI 10.14526/01_1111_04.
11. Rafaela Costa Martins, Felipe Fossati Reichert, Renata Moraes Bielemann, Pedro C. Hallal. One-year Stability of Objectively Measured Physical Activity in Young Brazilian Adults. Jurnal Fizicheskoj aktivnosti I zdorov'ya [Journal of Physical Activity and Health]. Vol. 14, Issue 3, pp. 208-212. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2015-0384 (Scopus)
12. Tara Stevens, Julianna Carpenter. Care Coordination with Schools: The Role of Family-Centered Care for Children with Special Health Care Needs. Jurnal zdorov'ya materi I rebenka [Maternal and Child Health Journal], Vol. 21, Issue 5, pp. 1073-1078DOI: 10.1007/s10995-016-2203-x (Scopus)
Anton A. Bezzubov - postgraduate student Pedagogical Institute of Physical Culture and Sport Moscow Municipal Pedagogical University, 32 korp.4, Balaklavskij pr., Moscow, 117303, Russia Vasiliy S. Belyaev - doctor of biological sciences, professor Pedagogical Institute of Physical Culture and Sport Moscow Municipal Pedagogical University, 32 korp.4, Balaklavskij pr., Moscow, 117303, Russia
Dmitriy N. Chernogorov - candidate of pedagogics, associate professor Pedagogical Institute of Physical Culture and Sport Moscow Municipal Pedagogical University, 32 korp.4, Balaklavskij pr., Moscow, 117303, Russia, E-mail: chernogorovnikola@rambler.ru
For citations: Bezzubov A.A., Belyaev V.S., Chernogorov D.N. Weightlifting means effectiveness during power abilities development among 9-11-year-old children, The Russian journal of physical education and sport (pedagogico-psychological and medico-biological problems ofphysical culture and sports), 2017, Vol. 12, No.2, pp. 64-74.
DOI 10.14526/01_2017_209
THE ORGANIZATION OF SCHOOLCHILDREN PHYSICAL TRAINING IN SPECIAL
MEDICAL GROUPS
Nina A. Zinchuk - candidate of pedagogical sciences, associate professor Nataliy V. Yermolina - candidate of pedagogical sciences, associate professor
Astrakhan State University, 20 A, Taticheva str., Astrakhan, 414056, Russia Alexsandr V. Dorontsev - candidate of pedagogical, associate professor Astrakhan State Medical Uuniversity, 121, Bakinskaya St., Astrakhan, 414000, Russia
E-mail: aleksandr.doroncev@rambler.ru
Annotation. Pedagogical analysis of special medical groups results in the Astrakhan region schools allowed us to determine substantial differences in the methods and forms of educational process on physical education organization, as well as pedagogical and medical control. Material. The paper presents a research of carrying out physical education lessons forms and methods in the Astrakhan region secondary schools, in special medical groups "A" and "B". Determination of differentiated physical activity level for schoolchildren with pathological changes in health status is presented. Research methods. Analysis of the annual and ongoing medical examinations results, functional tests, clinical data of health care institutions (MH), pedagogical control. Results. The research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of physical education lessons in secondary schools special medical groups. These results justify that an adequate selection of pedagogical methods, as well as educational groups differentiation on the disease, will help to optimize the schoolchildren physical condition and health. Rational organization of lessons will allow to use individually means of physical education in health and rehabilitation purposes depending on the pathology. Keywords. special medical group, physical culture, pedagogical and medical control.
Introduction. According to the Astrakhan Committee of state statistics, the incidence in the region among schoolchildren over the last five years increased dramatically. The overall incidence increased by 23%, infectious diseases - 53%, neoplasms - 84%, diseases of the endocrine system and metabolic disorders - 20%, diseases of the nervous system - 40%, circulatory system diseases -32%, respiratory 20%, diseases of the digestive system - 43%, musculoskeletal system - 24%,
diseases of the genitourinary system - 63% [10]. (Fig. 2). At the same time, many experts believe that adequate exercise allows to increase the reserve capacity of the organism [1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9]. Increase of the organism adaptive capacity to the increasing physical activity helps to improve the activation of tissue metabolism and redox processes [3]. Thus, the problem of physical training of children with chronic diseases not only lost its
