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SRSTI 55.01.81; 87.51.15; 90.27.31
Kossanova Indira Muratovna
Master of Engineering Science, lecturer. L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Department of «Standardization and Certification». Astana. 010000. Republic of Kazakhstan, e-mail: i nd J in (a mai 1. ru.
Akhmediyanov Abdulla Ugubaevich
Candidate of Technical Sciences, associate professor. Department of «Standardization and Certification». L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana. 010000. Republic of Kazakhstan e-mail: [email protected]. Kirgizbayeva Kamilya Zhuzbaevna Candidate of Technical Sciences, associate professor. L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Department of «Standardization and Certification». Astana 010000. Republic of Kazakhstan, e-mail: kirg-kanvc/yandcvkz Dzhaksymbetova Makpal Adlikanovna
Master of Engineering Science, lecturer. L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Department of «Standardization and Certification». Astana. 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan, e-mail: [email protected].
WATER TREATMENT FROM HEAVY METALS BY MEANS OF MAGNETIC DEVICE
The requirements of the modern world resulted in mushroom growth of an industry that resulted in such problems as contamination of environment the exhaust-gas of cars, industrial wastes. Karaganda region is a centre of the non-ferrous metallurgy. In this region copper and other non-ferrous metals are obtained in great numbers, therefore at the production of metal, poisonous substances, lead and iron are secreted in the air, with about 74 microns of them found in industrial wastes. Because the ions of lead dissolve badly, they are accumulated in water for a long time. The population of cities use water that contains salts of heavy metals and vegetables-fruit that were grown with this water. Poisonous substances accumulating in the organism of a person result in worsening of their health.
In this article, monitoring and research of the water contamination level in the Karaganda region are conducted and a method of water treatment from heavy metals by means of a magnetic device is offered.
Keywords: titrimetric method, ions of heavy metals, ferromagnetic admixtures, sulfate-filtration, cyclic water treatment.
INTRODUCTION
Many heavy metals are considered necessary for the organism of man. For example, iron, magnesium et al. And other metals that, Pb, Ag, An are considered inert. There-
fore, they are used in surgery for growing of different organisms. The accumulation of large concentration of metals results in destruction of organism. Often too dangerous functional disorders, to deformations and even to death.
Now we will be stopped for noci-influence of metals on the organism of man.
Copper - one of major irreplaceable microelements (ME) necessary for the vital functions of man. His physiological activity is noticeable at included in the active centers of enzymes of corrosion-renewal.
A copper participates in the process of photosynthesis, helping plants absorb nitrogen. The concentration of copper in great numbers results in negative consequences in development of plants and animals. Amount of copper in [1-8].
Water treatment from heavy metals is considered important at preparation of water. On the national standard of admixture in drinking-waters must make 7 Mg-ekv on a 1 litre of water. In regions, where a lack of drinking-water is, this index is settled the decision of Republican sanitary the epidemiology station to 10 Mg-ekv on a 1 litre. In water of the Karaganda region about 10-12 Mg-ekv on a 1 litre. Because, in the Karaganda under waters plenty of mineral substances, for providing of population a drinking-water the chemical method of water treatment is used.
MAIN PART
There is plenty of ions of heavy metals in waters of storage pool of Karaganda, for her cleaning the different types of filters are used. However, they cost expensive. More cheap way we showed in a chart. When quality of water in PTVS is taken to the norm, on ferrous pipes water comes to the dwelling-houses. That the admixtures of heavy metals increase in composition water, proved by means of simple device. For this purpose, in an underbody aquafor set a faucet, put on a chair, set in a bathroom under a faucet. Since amount of the collected water and water in aquafor compared, it turned out that 500 litres of water are filtrated in twenty-four hours [9-11]:
X - expense, V - volume, t - time.
Means in twenty-four hours of 500 litres, in a month 15000 litres. Initial mass of filtr- 150 g., eventual Macca - 270 g. A remain is in the dried up filter of m=120 g. At a spectrology it turned out in a chemical laboratory, that was present plenty of iron. If a man in twenty-four hours uses 3 litres of water:
u _ uir _ 12000jnj£| Smtjvkv
\V o-------(_)
150001 ISOOOUtres I
More normes on a national standard on 1 Mg-ekv. This index of - most subzero index winter period. In spring and sinking this index increases in 2 times. During the repeated
filtration in a quafor of the water cleared on our device, water was cleared on 80%. In order that in dwelling-houses there were not fallouts of metals in a drinking-water, it is needed to regulate the mode of serve of water. We offer one of hydrotechnical methods of given water (picture 1) treatment.
Water treatment from heavy metals is important, because these substances are dangerous for life of man; lead (there is atherosclerosis), Mercury (polinevrit), zinc (illnesses of NS), nickel (sight falls down) and cadmium (high blood pressure), is especially dangerous. Therefore, water treatment from heavy metals needs to be conducted qualitatively and at professional level [10-14].
Tanked by water from plumbing. Water evenly flows on an aqueduct (3) by means of attachment. Ferromagnetic admixtures on a conveyer (4) by a magnetized magnet. An admixture magnetizes on a magnet An admixture moves on a ribbon and at approaching to the pole of S, where magnetic quality of magnet diminishes, an admixture falls in a ferromagnetic bunker (6). And a liquid passing the magnetic cleaning gets in a bunker (5). It water is considered the cleanest, last cleaning from ferromagnetic admixtures. The analysis of this water is done, if she falls short of to the state standards, then it is possible once again to produce cleaning.
1 - reservoir, 2 - liquid, 3 - acveduk (nibber aryk), 4 - magnetic conveyer, 5 - особо the cleared bunker with water, 6 - is a bunker with ferromagnetic admixtures.
Picture 1 - Hydrotechnical methods of given water treatment
The moment of force influences on a running around body. When a body runs around in the axis of 00' the moment of inertia appears on the theorem of Steiner. The got moment of inertia is addition of multipliers of distance of inertia of body and body weight in two axes:
I = I0 + m'
/ - a moment of inertia of mass of m running around in parallel axes of 00shown in a picture;
r - is distance of two axes.
If not to take into account, the parameters of parts with mass of / - m
I0=wR: (4)
R - radius of part
/ -mR2-t-mr' (5)
If to show, than R<r
/ = mr • (6)
m - moment of force, influencing on a particle
M=If (7)
e - angular acceleration
ii' |1
£ - — from here w = — irojn here f ■» — / r rr
1/ r 2r mrv io\
\I=IF = mr£ — m — = mra (81
rr r
a - linear acceleration.
w = 271 n
n - frequency of rotation of water, it is possible to revolve water by means of cylindrical tableware or K-JionacTH fastened on an axis 00.
m v | ,rm r > , . : ;
Fe/=- =r= vt|=-= mr r = hv = 2y7Wpm4.7 n r
r r
On every particle by mass of relatively quiet liquid of m with coordinates (r, h) in a capacity operate gravity of nig and centrifugal force of F.
Under act of force of Ff. the particle of m Approaches the surface of wall of separator, and from for influences of the magnet located on a wall, sticks to the midwall of separator (picture 2). On the paraboloidal surfaces of equipressure the resultant of Fis directed on a normal. At the increase of rotatory speed centrifugal force of F increase, and corner, between directions of forces increase bias. The value of speed must not exceed a crisis value, because there is probability of outflow from the surface of capacity, liquid can be outpoured [10-13].
1
1 - tableware in form cylinder (reservoir); 2 - liquid; 3 - axis of rotation; w - angulator; n - frequency of rotation of water; in - mass of particle; mg - weight of particle; F - centrifugal force; F - resultant.
Picture 2 - Approaches the surface surface
Using hydromechanical conformities to law of liquids, we worked out the chart of setting for water treatment from metals
Tanked by water from plumbing through a pump on a pipe and fills a separator. In a separator we inundate water with admixtures corresponding to her capacity, we set the preliminary self-weighted magnet on midwalls, and we connect a separator. After a while we stop working separator, drag out a magnet, dry it and at his weighing turns out that weight on a few milligrams more than at weighing to work of separator. At research in the laboratory of spectrology of scraper from the surface of magnet, it is found out that besides a magnet other admixtures are present. It is possible to suppose that it is metals that were in water. Before completion of experiment we close a faucet, turn the second faucet to other reservoir, drag out a magnet and revolve a separator. At the change of speed of rotation, turbulent motion appears, working water interfusing with metals, overflows in the second reservoir. At comparison of concentration.
CONCLUSION
On the basis of the got information we do next conclusions:
In a period with 2016-2018, monitoring of amount of ions of heavy metals was conducted in open waters. Undertaken studies showed that in different years there were changes of amount of ions of metals in water. Maximum possible concentration of ions of lead is equal 0,03 mg/dm3. Apparently, 2016-2018 yy. amount of ions of lead of 2016 year - 0,035 mg/dm3, in 2017 year - 0,032 mg/dm3, in 2018 year - 0,036 mg/dm3. The greatest contamination of water is on 2018, and most less on 2017. However, the level of ions of lead in water is saved at equal level. On results researches we offer the draft of simple device. Researches were conducted in laboratories. We hope that the device collected on a draft, will give a positive result.
Because people often use water in everyday life, we consider that the state must control accordance of this water to the standards. If to carry out this suggestion, then the state of ecology of water contaminating sources will become better, the amount of water contaminating substances will diminish and the danger of origin of the heavy diseases caused by them will grow short.
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Material received on 05.12.18.
Косаиова Индыра Муратовпа
t.f.m., ага окытушы, «Стандарттау жене сертификаттау» кафедрасы, Jl. Н. Гумилев атындагы Еуразия улттык университет!, Астана к., 010000, Казакстан Республикасы, e-mail: [email protected]. Ахмедьянов Абдулла Угубаевич
t.f.k., доцент, «Стандарттау ионе сертификаттау» кафедрасы, Jl. Н. Гумилев атындагы Еуразия улттык университет!, Астана к., 010000, Казакстан Республикасы, e-mail: abdul 1а261 @уandex.ru. Кыргтбаева Камчля Жузбаевна
т.г.к., доцент, «Стандарттау жене сертификаттау» кафедрасы, Jl. Н. Гумилев атындагы Еуразия улттык университет!, Астана к., 010000, Казакстан Республикасы, e-mail: [email protected]. Джаксымбетова Макпал Адликановпа
t.f.m., ага окытушы, «Стандарттау жэне сертификаттау» кафедрасы, Jl. Н. Гумилев атындагы Еуразия улттык университет!, Астана к., 010000, Казакстан Республикасы, e-mail: [email protected]. Материал баспага 05.12.18 тусть
MarHUTTi курылгынын кемепмен ауыр металдардан суды таза рту
/(a iipt'i замангы элемтц талашпары в черкас in саласыныц жылдам дамуына альт келд/', олар цоршаган ортаныц автомобильдердщ найдаланылган газдарымен, онеркэс/ппн'к цалдыцтар.мен ластануы сиящты проблемаларга альт келд/. Караганды oifipi - туе mi .металлургия орталыгы. Бул аймацта коп молшерде .мыс жоне баск,а да myemi металдар ondipi.iedi, сондык,тан металды онд/'ру Ke'iinde ауага улы заттар, цоргасын жоне me.Mtp Go.ninedi, олар онеркоа'нпик к;алдык,тарда 74 микронга жуык; .молшерде аньщталады. Цоргасын иондары нашар epumin болгандыцтан, олар уза к; уацыт бойы суда сацталады. Кала тургындары суды найдаланады. оныц цурамында ауыр .металдар туздары жоне осы су.мен
КАЗАКСТАН ГЫЛЫМЫ МЕН ТЕХНИКАСЫ. ISSN 1680-9165. № 4, 2018
ecipimeH жем/с-жидектер бар. Улы заттар адам агзасында жинак,талын, оныц денсаулыгыныц нашарлауына акеледi
Бул мащалада Караганды аймагындагы судыц лас тану децгеШн мониторингиеу жане зерттеу царастырылады жене магни/nmi ^урылгы квмег1мен ауыр метаядардан суды таза рту adici усынылады.
Kinmmi свздер: Титриметриялыц adic, ауыр металл иондары, ферромагнитни крспалар, сульфатофильтрация, суды циклд/к тазалау.
Коеанова Индира Мура то в на
м.т.н., ст. преподаватель,
кафедра «Стандартизация и сертификация»,
Транспортно-энергетический факультет,
Евразийский национальный университет имени Л. Н. Гумилева, г. Астана, 010000, Республика Казахстан, e-mail: [email protected]. Ахмедьянов Абдулла Угубаевыч
к.т.н., доцент, кафедра «Стандартизация и сертификация»,
Транспортно-энергетический факультет, Евразийский национальный
университет имени Jl. Н. Гумилева,
г. Астана, 010000, Республика Казахстан,
e-mail: [email protected].
Киргызбаева Камня я Ж у to ас а на
к.т.н., доцент, кафедра «Стандартизация и сертификация», Транспортно-энергетический факультет,
Евразийский национальный университет имени Л. Н. Гумилева, г. Астана, 010000, Республика Казахстан, e-mail: [email protected]. Джаксымбетова Макнал Адлыыаиовпа
м.т.н., ст. преподаватель, кафедра «Стандартизация и сертификация», Транспортно-энергетический факультет,
Евразийский национальный университет имени Л. Н. Гумилева, г. Астана, 010000, Республика Казахстан, e-mail: [email protected]. Материал поступил в редакцию 05.12.18.
Очистка воды от тяжелых металлов с помощью магнитного
устройства
Требования современного мира привели к быстрому развитию промышленной отрасли, которые привели к таким проблемам, как загрязнение окружающей среды выхлопными газами автомобилей, промышленными отходами. Карагандинский регион — является центром цветной металлургии. В этом регионе в большом количестве добываются медь и другие цветные металлы. поэтому при производстве металла в воздух выделяются ядовитые вещества, свинец и железо, которые обнаруживается в промышленных отходах в количестве около 74 микрон. Так как ионы свинца плохо растворяются, они долгое время сохраняются в воде. Жители
городов употребляют воду, в составе которой присутствуют соли тяжелых металлов и овощи-фрукты, которые были выращены этой водой. Ядовитые вещества накапливаясь в организме человека приводят к ухудшению его здоровья
В данной статье рассматривается мониторинг и исследование уровня загрязнения воды в Карагандинском регионе и предлагается метод очистка воды от тяжёлых металлов с помощью магнитного устройства
Ключевые слова: Титриметрический метод, ионы тяжёлых металлов, ферромагнитные примеси, сульфатофильтрация, циклическая очистка воды.
