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ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЕ НАУЧНОЙ РАБОТЫ
WASTEWATER TREATMENT USING THE COAGULATION-ADSORPTION METHOD
Mukhtarova Narmin Namiq, Academic supervisor: Baghirova Nargiz Nazim, Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Azerbaijan
E-mail: narminmukhtarova2001@gmail.com
Abstract. Since ancient times, humanity has known how toxic oil and petroleum products are. Some petroleum compounds can also be carcinogenic, that is, they can stimulate cancer cells. Almost all of the Earth's geospheres are polluted by waste from the oil industry. Here we will consider that most wastewater is contaminated with oil waste or oil itself. This, in turn, entails global environmental pollution, which is the main factor for both human existence and all living things. Therefore, preliminary and deep purification of wastewater is required to ensure the safety of the entire environment. Since the development of technology, there are many ways to treat wastewater, but in the modern world, the search for newer and more affordable methods continues. In the twenty-first century, this has become one of the main problems that both environmentalists and petrochemists need to solve.
This article discusses one of the methods for treating wastewater from petroleum products using the sorption-coagulation method. Chestnut leaf litter is used as a sorbent, which is pre-cleaned from suspended particles with a coagulating suspension. This is one of the mandatory factors to achieve optimal results.
Key words: adsorption, sorption material, leaf litter, coagulation.
Introduction. At this stage of development, soil is the most polluted environment, but the hydrosphere also succeeds behind it. It is an undeniable fact that the water shell of the Earth is polluted by oil and petroleum products, as well as other chemicals. All these harmful and toxic substances enter the World Ocean from oil refineries, gas stations and many other production facilities. Preventing the complete discharge of petroleum products along with wastewater is a complex process. This is due to the fact that they contain many different chemical compounds of both simple and complex composition. Oil industry plants have different cleaning systems, and different cleaning systems and mechanisms are being developed. The most used and current cleaning method: adsorption-coagulation.
This article discusses the study of coagulation and sorption methods of water treatment.
ВЕСТНИК НАУКИ И ТВОРЧЕСТВА
Goal of the work consists in developing a method for purifying water waste containing petroleum products with heat-treated chestnut leaf litter with preliminary cleaning of suspended solids with a coagulating suspension based on dust from electric arc steel-smelting furnaces.
Methods and objects of research.
Several model wastewaters were used. Modification of samples of chestnut leaf litter was carried out; coagulation purification was carried out by adding a coagulating model emulsion to the system and further mixing. Adsorption purification of the studied waters was carried out using the addition of sorption material.
Experimental part.
All types of vehicle services have parking spaces, etc. Gas stations use different types of fuel and oil, that is, in the general concept, petroleum products. Effluent from these facilities may also contain suspended solids and toxic metals. However, the main sources of pollution are petroleum products (up to 350 mg/dm3) and suspended substances (up to 250 mg/dm3).
Table 1
Substances included in gas station wastewater sludge
N o. P/P Substance name Chemical formula Note
1 Quartz SiO2 Sand
2 Vaterite CaCO3 Chalk, limestone
3 Dolomite CaCO3 • MgCO3
4 Kaolinite Al4[Si4Ol0](OH)8
5 Chlorite (Mg,Fe)3(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2(Mg,Fe)3(OH)6
6 Montmorillonite (Al,Mg)2(OH)2(Si4O10) H2O Clay minerals
7 Illit K<1Al2[(Al,Si)4O10] • (OH)2 • nH2O
8 Dickit A12O3 • 2Si2O5 • 2H2O
9 Hydromica Kx(Al, Mg, Fe)2-3 •Si4-xAlxO10<OH)
10 Feldspars {K, Na, Ca, Ba }{Al2Si2}O8
Coagulation purification was carried out by adding a coagulating suspension to 100 cm3 of a previously prepared model emulsion or suspension taken into a conical flask, after which stirring was carried out. Subsequently, the contents of the flask were settled for an average of 15-30 minutes (depending on the necessary experimental conditions), after which the clarification effect was assessed according to various indicators indicated above.
Adsorption purification of waste and model waters was carried out using a static method, by adding weighed amounts of SM to the water-oil systems under study.
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ВЕСТНИК НАУКИ И ТВОРЧЕСТВА
After stirring for the calculated time, the adsorbent and adsorbate were separated by filtration. The cleaning efficiency was calculated using the standard formula:
E= Cbeg~Cend • 100%
Cbeg
Where E - efficiency, %; Cbeg and Cend are the concentrations of pollutants in the system, mg/dm3, before and after cleaning, respectively.
Two types of model waters were used: containing ultrafine SiO2 and clay. The content of suspended solids was determined by the turbidity value (NTU -nephelometric turbidity unit) measured on a turbidimeter. The initial turbidity of the model SW was 1000 NTU.
Figure 1 shows graphs of clay sedimentation in model waters without and with the addition of CS (1 cm3/dm3), and Figure 2 shows similar data for model waters containing SiO2.
Fig. 1 Sedimentation curves of suspended solids deposition in clay suspension
Fig. 2 Sedimentation curves of suspended solids deposition in SiO2 suspension
ВЕСТНИК НАУКИ И ТВОРЧЕСТВА
It can be seen from the figures that adding a coagulating suspension increases the sedimentation of suspended particles. Dissolved petroleum products were also studied by the adsorption method using chestnut leaf litter. First, we determine the equilibrium concentration of petroleum products. This was all done after 40 minutes of interaction with the sorption material of 0.5 grams per 1 dm3 of model solution at a concentration of 0.1 grams/Dm3 and at t = 200C. Then the corresponding calculation of the values of sorption capacity and purification efficiency is made.
Table 2
Sorption parameters for samples CM
Sample name Concentration of dissolved OPs after adsorption, mg/dm3 Sorption capacity, mg/g Cleaning efficiency, %
LKOish 25 154 75
LKO105 33 134 67
LKO200 7 186 93
LKO250 3 194 97
1. Conclusions.
Coagulation and sorption processes of water purification from petroleum products were studied. During coagulation cleaning setting the coagulation threshold 2cm3/dm3 at Initial = 1000 mg/dm3. This makes it possible to achieve a purification degree of up to 93%. The efficiency of water purification during sorption processes using leaf litter is calculated with treatment at t = 2500C and with modification for 20 minutes, up to 97% is achieved.
Literature:
1. Bagirova N.N., Guseinova M.F. "Methods of processing and disposal of oil-containing waste // The scientific Heritage. - 2022. - No. 94 / Art. 10-1.
2. Chemical composition of horse-chestnut (Aesculus) leaves and their susceptibility to chestnut leaf miner Camerariaohridella Deschka & Dimic / M. Paterska, H. Bandurska, J. Wyslouch, M. Molinska-Glura, K. Molinski // ActaPhysiologiaePlantarum. - 2017. - № 3. - P. 105.
3. Jisha, T.J. Effect of natural coagulants on the treatment of automobile service station waste water / T.J. Jisha, M.A. Chinnamma // IJEDR. - 2017. - Vol. 5, Is. 2. - P. 358-364.
4. Wang, S. Natural zeolites as effective adsorbents in water and wastewater treatment / S. Wang, Y. Peng. The Chemical engineering journal. - 2010. - № 156. - P. 11-24.
5. Svyatchenko A.R. Sorption-coagulation treatment of wastewater from petroleum products and suspended substances). Dissertation, 2019.
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