CC BY
75
DOI: 10.14526/2070-4798-2019-14-2-16-21
Using special-preparatory exercises with poundage for speed-power endurance of legs muscles development among racing skiers
Nikita N. Soshnikov*, Aleksey G. Batalov, Anzhelika V. Lunina
Russian State University of Physical Culture, Sport, Youth and Tourism (SCLOIPC)
Moscow, Russia ORCID: 0000-0002-5958-5694, Snn150@mail.ru* ORCID: 0000-0003-0497-3160, alex-batalov@yandex.ru ORCID: 0000-0002-9973-6039, a.v.lunina@gmail.com
Abstract: It is proved that for positive training effects shifts it is necessary to have sufficient external stimulus. For regularly training athletes such kind of stimulus is gradually increasing load volume and intensity. Moreover, the training effects increase is provided by specially chosen exercises and technical means. They provide additional poundage, and stimulate adaptive abilities of an athlete's organism improvement. Materials. Effective means creation and substantiation of legs muscles speed-power endurance development among qualified racing skiers. Research methods. Information sources analysis and summarizing, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. Results. The held experiment is connected with legs muscles speedpower endurance study among racing-skiers using special preparatory exercises with poundage. Special preparatory exercise was squatting with a shortened movement amplitude - from 120° to 160° in a knee joint using rubber tourniquet as an additional poundage. Effectiveness estimation criterion concerning special preparatory exercise use with poundage during the training mesocycle became a valid indices increase in tenfold jump: in the control group it was 0,51 ± 0,41 m. (p<0,05), in the experimental group - 1,33 ± 0,57m. (p<0,01). Conclusion. The training lessons using the device, which consists from a belt and a tourniquet, provide more speed-power endurance increase than standard exercises use among 15-17 year-old athletes during the transitional period of training. It can be connected with a quick adaptation shift under the influence of a new "stimulus". In order to prove the effectiveness of this means use in a yearly cycle of training racing-skiers, it is necessary to continue this research and define its influence on competitive result during winter period.
Keywords: speed-power endurance, racing skiers, rubber tourniquet, tenfold jump.
For citation: Nikita N. Soshnikov, Aleksey G. Batalov, Anzhelika V. Lunina. Using special-preparatory exercises with poundage for speed-power endurance of legs muscles development among racing skiers. The Russian Journal of Physical Education and Sport. 2019; 14(2): .14-18. DOI 10.14526/2070-4798-2019-142-16-21.
URGENCY
In a sports science it is proved already that for positive training effects shifts it is necessary to have a sufficient inductive stimulus [1,2,3,4,5,6]. For regularly training athletes such kind of stimulus is gradually increasing load volume and intensity. Moreover, the training effects increase is provided by specially chosen exercises and technical means. They provide additional poundage. They stimulate adaptive abilities of an athlete's organism improvement [11,12].
New means use is a strong irritant. It causes positive adaptive shifts. It creates the reserve for organism adaptation to the volume and intensity level. It is especially important for young men and girls, who belong to the mid and senior age category
(15-18 years-old), when teenagers need to show their high level of sports results for being selected into the team and at the same time to create the reserve of adaptive shifts. They lead to achievements increase during further stages of sportsmanship [3,7,8,9,10].
The aim of the research is effective means creation and substantiation of legs muscles speedpower endurance development among qualified racing skiers.
The main objective of the research is connected with the search for the new additional technical means. They provide exercises effectiveness increase for speed-power endurance development of legs muscles among qualified racing -skiers.
MATERIALS AND METHODS In order to solve this problem we offered a new
device. It which creates additional poundage during speed-power exercises fulfillment. The device consists of two parts: a waist belt and a ribbon tourniquet. The tourniquet should be fixed on a belt in a way to form 4 similar loops - 2 right loops and 2 left loops. The length of the created loops depends on the level of readiness and anthropometric results of an athlete. The belt is on the waist, the loops are
pressed by the feet. Then an athlete starts to fulfill the squattings. The peculiarity of these squattings is the shortened amplitude of movements - from 120° to 160° in a knee joint (picture 1). It is conditioned with the working amplitude of leg pushing out in skiing [5] and with trauma prevention, as ligaments of knee joints during the load are not so strongly extended.
Picture 1 - Exercise with the tourniquet fulfillment
In order to check the effectiveness of speedpower endurance development with the help of this means we held the pedagogical experiment on the training base of a sports school "Ivanteevka". 15-17 year-old boys took part in the experiment. During the transitional period of a yearly cycle, in terms of training for May competitions of general physical training (GPT), we held a training cycle with general orientation to strength training. The duration of the cycle was 21 days. The athletes were divided into two equal parts according to the level of readiness - the experimental group and the control group. Each group included 7 people. The training lessons were held according to one sports plan. The control group used standard means of strength training - lunges with different variations of difficulty, jumping exercises and squattings. In the experimental group in order to develop speed-power legs abilities skiers used an interval method of training with a minute working interval and 30 seconds of rest. The training lesson included 4 sets with 5 approaches each. The
period of rest between the sets was 3 minutes. The intensity of the exercise fulfillment in each set was the same- it increased gradually from the first till the last approach. In the first approach the intensity was 80%, in the last approach it was 100% from the maximum. In general 9 training lessons were held for legs muscles speed-power endurance development using experimental and traditional means of training.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Held at the beginning of the experiment test - tenfold standing jump from leg to leg showed almost the same level of legs muscles speed-power endurance and the power of pushing off. The control group showed the following results of a jump length in the first test 22,4 ± 1,65 meters, the experimental group- 21,5 ± 2,08 meters. The differences between the indices of the control and the experimental groups were not valid and were (p>0,05).
At the end of the experiment this index increased
in the control group for 0,51 ± 0,41 m and was 22,8 jump length increased for 1,33 ± 0,57 m and was ± 1,37 m. This increase was valid in terms of p<0,05. 22,8 ± 1,7 m. The increase of this index is valid in In the experimental group the average index of the terms of p<o,oi (picture 2, 3).
25
20
1Л
¡=! 15
L_1
5
10
5
D
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Щцо эксперимента 22,3 1Э,5 23,5 22,7 21, Э 2.2,4 24,3 □после эксперимента 23,4 20,3 23,7 23,4 22,3 23 2^,1
Picture 2 - The length of a tenfold jump among the athletes from the control group at the beginning and
the end of the experiment до эксперимента-before the experiment после эксперимента-after the experiment
Picture 3 - The length of a tenfold jump among the athletes from the experimental group at the beginning
and the end of the experiment
до эксперимента-before the experiment
после эксперимента-after the experiment The difference between the average jump length (2,2 meters). In the group of traditional means
increase in the control and the experimental group use maximum increase was 1,1 m. The diagram
was 0,81 m. However, maximum length was shown (picture 1) shows the differences. The indices of the
by the athlete, who trained with the tourniquets control group are on the left and the indices of the
experimental group are on the right.
J N j к J JI
0
1 2 3 4 5 5 7
-0,5
контрольная Iii Ь к:п ери ментальная
Picture 4 -The length of the jumps change (m) among the participants of the experiment after the end of
the training cycle Kompo-bHafl-control экспернментa^bнaн-experimental
CONCLUSION
We come to the conclusion that the training lessons with the created device (from the belt and a tourniquet) provide greater increase of speed-power endurance, than the use of standard exercises among 15-17 year-old athletes during the transitional period of training. It can be connected with a quick adaptation shift under the influence of a new "stimulus". In order to prove the effectiveness of this means use in a yearly cycle of training racing-skiers, it is necessary to continue this research and define its influence on competitive result during winter period.
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Submitted: 10.05.2019 Author's information:
Nikita N. Soshnikov - Lecturer, Russian State University of Physical Culture, Sport, Youth and Tourism (SCLOIPC), 105122, Russia, Moscow, Sirenevyj bulvar, House 4, e-mail: Snn150@mail.ru
Aleksey G. Batalov - Candidate of Pedagogics Russian State University of Physical Culture, Sport, Youth and Tourism (SCLOIPC), 105122, Russia, Moscow, Sirenevyj bulvar, House 4, e-mail: alex-batalov@yandex.ru
Anzhelika V. Lunina - Lecturer, Russian State University of Physical Culture, Sport, Youth and Tourism (SCLOIPC), 105122, Russia, Moscow, Sirenevyj bulvar, House 4, e-mail: a.v.lunina@gmail. com
