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transfer faster than GIF format. GIF files allow you to store 16 million colors while JPEG files are color images. Therefore, the quality of digital images stored in JPEG format is better than GIF. However, GIFs also have advantages when working with linear images. In MS DOS and Windows systems, JPEG format files have an extension of JPG.
5. Optical character recognition software - transferring data from optical devices (scanner, digital camera, digital camera) to a computer. It is a program for entering typed or handwritten information into a computer. For example, Fine Reader, Adobe Reader, Acrobat Reader. One of the most popular of these is the Fine Reader program. Fine Reader program not only recognizes text in good quality documents (books, magazines), but also recognizes poor text. Literature:
1. Babakuliyev M., Mukhammetberdiev O.. Glossary of terms of information technologies. Ashgabat. Science, 2004.
2. Kuliev D., Arazmyradov T., Berenov M., Garyagdiyev N. Working on a computer. Ashgabat. Turkmen State Publishing House Service, 2005.
© ConbieB A., Te^bflMeB r., 2023
УДК 62
Халмырадова Я.Ч.,
Преподаватель Шагельдиева М.Р.
Студентка
Туркменский государственный институт финансов
TYPES OF TECHNICAL MEANS OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGIES IN THE ECONOMY
Keywords:
information technologies, computing system, computers.
Today, the following computer techniques are more advanced to manage the automated information technology of the economy at the state level with the help of advanced modern computers. Types of computers. All types of advanced computing systems can be divided into three broad categories: personal computers, mainframes, and supercomputers. Even today, these classes do not differ greatly in appearance, but differ in the functions they perform. A personal computer is a self-contained computer that is intended for one person and can be used independently of other computers. Personal computers can be desktop or laptop.
Desktop computer. Before the advent of portable personal computers, the words "desktop" and "personal" meant the same thing. A desktop personal computer is a group of self-contained computers designed to perform a single task. The desktop personal computer system building and includes devices that read and write data from data carriers, a monitor, a keyboard, and a mouse. These devices may include fax modems and other peripherals. A portable computer is a computer that can be carried with you. The first portable computers were called Portable and they weighed about 10 kg. With the development of science and technology, the weight
of these computers has been reduced to 4-5 kilograms. Since these computers are light in weight and can be used on the lap, they are also called "Laptop" or "laptop" computers.
They reduced the weight of portable computers by another 2 kilograms and started calling them Notebook computers. They come in different shapes and weights. Today, Netbook computers are also widely produced. Laptop. A type of computer that weighs less than 4 kilograms is called a notebook or notebook. A laptop is a computer with a liquid crystal display, keyboard, and disk drives integrated into the system architecture. A lightweight version of a laptop computer is called a sub laptop. The difference between a subnotebook and a laptop is quite subjective. Generally, the weight of a laptop is considered to be between 2.2 and 4 kg, and that of a sub-notebook is between 0.9 and 2.7 kg. Advanced laptop screen sizes range from 11.3 to 15 inches, while today's sub notebooks range from 6.4 to 11.3 inches. Typically, a laptop's operating memory capacity and disk drive capacity are larger than a laptop's.
Mobile computer. Smaller and lighter (weighing less than 1 pound, about 450 g), "handheld" computers. The standard size of mobile computers is 20x10 cm and thickness is 2-3 cm. They are divided into two groups according to the method of inputting the data into the computer: computers with a keyboard or touch screen with a special pen. One of the most popular mobile computers is the Palm computer created by the 3 Com company. That's why pocket computers are sometimes called palmtops. "Palm top" translates as palm top.
Mainframe. It is a computer with high performance and high computing power that can handle large amounts of data and handle the demands of thousands of simultaneous users. In appearance, a mainframe is a computer consisting of a large central building and terminals connected to it. The price of a mainframe is higher than others, and a computer with a set of programs costs about a million dollars.
An example of the use of mainframes would be the organization of the sale of honeycombs in a centralized manner to air and rail vehicles. Mainframes are used in business, finance and other industries. Most mainframes are manufactured by IBM. Terminal is a part of a centralized computer system, usually a device consisting of a monitor and a keyboard. A supercomputer is a large computer that calculates complex problems, determines the coordinates of stars or galaxies in the sky, models weather changes, and maps the places where heat and gas are generated. These computers are used when software applications are required to handle hundreds of billions of operations per second. Supercomputers are made up of hundreds of processors, they have a lot of working memory and high performance. They occupy a large room the size of 2-3 basketball courts. Supercomputers cost more than $15 million compared to regular computers. Therefore, the decision to buy them is usually made at the state level. The main manufacturer of these computers is Cray Research. An example of the use of the capabilities of supercomputers is the successful use of Silicon Graphics' Onyx Reality computers in the creation of the films "Terminator" and "Jurassic Park".
The memory or memory structure of personal computers is designed to store information. The primary function of a memory device is to read and write data. The most important characteristics of memory are its density and the time it can be accessed. Currently, large integrated circuits are used as the main memory element of RAM. The composition of RAM is currently implemented in a SIMM. Integrated chips for memory are a product of high technology. They are produced in small quantities by Japanese, Korean, American and European companies.
Literature:
1. Babakuliyev M., Mukhammetberdiev O.. Glossary of terms of information technologies. Ashgabat. Science, 2004.
2. Kuliev D., Arazmyradov T., Berenov M., Garyagdiyev N. Working on a computer. Ashgabat. Turkmen State Publishing House Service, 2005.
© Xa^MbipagoBa A.H., LUare^bgueBa M.P., 2023
