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ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫЕ И ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ
Rustamov I.A.
Specialist
Namangan Engineering- construction Institute
Uzbekistan, Namangan city TRANSPORTATION OF THE TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT TO
THE EXPLOITATION PROCESS
Annotation: In this article described transportation of the transportation equipment to the exploitation process.
Key words: transportation, equipment, exploitation process.
In the course of operation, a number of factors of the environment (load, vibration, humidity, airflow, dust and pollutants, temperatures and other influences) may affect the vehicle and deteriorate its technical condition. In this case, the details are eaten and damaged, and they change in a number of properties (dreams, plasticity, etc.).
Changes in the technical state of the car depends on the conditions of its network and operation, the environment, and the maintenance of automobiles and accidental factors. Random factors include hidden details of the car's wear and tear, and others. Changes in the technical condition of the car under conditions of exploitation include the underlying causes of dehydration, plastic deformation, fatigue damage, corrosion and physical and chemical changes of detail.
It is the deterioration of the detail and the residual deformation of the material from the surface and / or friction of the material, which is expressed by the continuous change of the shape and size of the particles themselves.
The result is the result of a change in the size, shape, and shape of the surface. Yields are measured in mkm / km, mkm / mt / hr.
There are three types of friction: dry, fluid, and mixed. The dry friction surfaces are interwoven with each other (for example, rubbing the brake lining over the brake drum, rubbing the drive belt, and so on). This type of friction is accompanied by the rapid absorption of frictional detail. Hydrodynamic frictional friction between the surface of frictional surfaces is caused by an oil layer, which is larger than the micronutrient fibers, and prevents deterioration of contact surfaces (e.g., cranial valve bearings) decreases. In practice, these two types of friction wheels are used in the operation of the car and form a combination of frictional friction.
There are varieties of algae, oxidation, fatigue, erosion and fatigue, freezing and corrosion from corrosion.
Abrasive lighting is the result of cutting or scratching solid particles on the friction surface. These particles increase the absorption of the particles from the outside into the lubricant materials in dust and sand (eg, between the brake lining and the drum) or in open-fibered branches (eg, joints, resins). Abrasive yachts,
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along with other types of food, are found almost exclusively in all worn parts of the car.
Oxidizing light is caused by aggressive action of the environment, which causes an unstable oxide curtain on the surface of the friction surface. This oxide curtain is removed by mechanical friction and again oxidized on the bare surface. Such injuries occur in the cylinder piston sets, hydraulic hoists, hydraulic brake systems, and others.
Due to frictional friction and reloading, the surface of the material is pulled out and degraded, resulting in the loose layer and many layers below it. This kind of yacht can be seen on the runways and in the teeth of the shesterny.
Erosion emerges as a result of the influence of fluid and (or) gas flow, moving on the surface of the particles at very high speed, with abrasive particles and electric shock. There are gaseous, cavitation, electric and abrasive erosion types that characterize the erosion process.
Gaseous erosion occurs during mechanical or heat damage to the gas molecule. Gas-erosion is observed in valves, piston rings and cylindrical glass walls and details of waste gases.
Cavitation erosion occurs in a plane of fluid flow, in which the air bubbles form in the liquid, crack in front of the surface of the surface and cause fluid to strike a large number of hydraulic shocks on the metal surface and damage the surface of the metal. These injuries occur in the contact details of the cooling fluid, in the cylinder liners, the outer surface of the cylinder liner, and the cooling system patches.
Electric erosion is caused by electrostatic degradation when erosional deterioration of the surface surfaces results. An example is the burner sham electrodes and the distribution contacts.
Abrasive erosion occurs as a result of mechanical action of the abrasive particles in the composition of the stream of liquid (hydroabrasive erosion) or gas (gas-exposure erosion) on the surface. The car is found in the body outside.
Deprivation of burning can lead to deterioration, stiffness and damage of the workpiece on the surface of the workpiece by removing the detail material from one surface to another. An example may be the coding of the crankcase and the rotation of the bumps as a result of the engine lysis.
Freting is the mechanical ingestion of the joining components by means of microsilivery in the vibration movement. If the environment has an aggressive effect, then the correlation of corrosion occurs. This type of diarrhea occurs when the cranial lungs reach the pillowcase, which stays in the cradle.
plastic deformations and injuries are dependent on the material of the car details reaching or exceeding the curvature (material material) or consistency (in selected materials). This injury is a result of a violation of the Car Exploitation Rules (excessive loading, misuse, and traffic accidents). Sometimes plastic deformations of the particles cause their geometrical size changes and decrease the stability of the stack.
Fatigue damage to the parts takes place at a cyclic loading higher than the
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strength of the material material. At the same time, the number of known cycles causing the damage to the body is constant and the shoots become cracked. Corruption can be traced in extreme situations in the exploitation of cars and in the semi-autonomous areas.
As a result of the chemical and electromechanical effects of corrosion particles in the interaction with the aggressive environment, oxidation (corrosion) on the surface of the particles results in reduced density and deterioration of external conductivity. Compared to the car details, salt and used gases are more likely to be affected by winter seasons. The moisture stored on the surface of the metal causes corrosion, such a corrosion is hidden in the car and belongs to the tag.
Automobile worn-out is a gradual and constant change of auto exploitation properties of mechanical, electrical, heat and other loads. The presence of such loads is determined by the operating mode and operation conditions.
Changes in the technical condition of automobiles, as well as fatigue, corrosion, and eating, are also influenced by constructive, technological and exploitation factors.
Constructive factors are defined by: shape and size of the detail. Relative pressure on the surface of the detergent, tensile strength, metal shock and fatigue durability;
- rigidity of the construction, ie the deformation of the base and basic details under the assumed load;
- Accuracy of readiness of surfaces and details working together;
- The right choice of a dock ('dummy') that ensures the reliable operation of the combination.
Technological - the factors that depend on the quality of the materials used for the preparation of these details, the appropriate thermal treatment methods and welding processes (centering, smoothing, slitting adjustment, quality of fitting).
Exploitation factors are related to road, transport and natural climatic conditions. They have more influence on the car's technical condition. The road conditions are characterized by the type of road, the condition and strength of the coating, the round profile and so on. Wearing and breaking the road cover reduces vehicle reliability by 14-33%. When the car moves in the underside of the cord, the number of turns of the crankshaft valve, the number of disconnections of the coupling coupling, the number of joints and brakes, the increased asphalt pavement increase the fuel consumption, increase the acceleration of the acceleration.
Transport conditions The operation mode of the car during the operation, transportation conditions, will be used is characterized by the quality of combustion lubricants, driver's skill and quality of maintenance. The mode of operation characterizes external factors that influence the motion mode, and these factors influence the operating mode of the vehicle and its units. The speed of operation of trucks in the city is higher than in urban areas (same coated roads). The operating mode of the truck varies by 50-52% for the first case, the average
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number of fibrous valve turnover is 130-136% 3.5 times the friction mechanism, 8-8.5 times the friction mechanism and 3-3.6 times the incidence of the articular trajectories. The transport conditions are combined with the speed of movement, along with the length of the runway, the runway exploit, the load handling capability, the trailer use ratio, and the type of carrier being carried. The type of cargo also has a great impact on the technical condition of cars. Stone, shagall, bricks, mineral substances, chemicals can damage the body of the car and accelerate its corrosion. The transportation of petroleum products, water, liquid chemicals is primarily affected by the reduction of carbohydrates and, secondly, the injury of the car body (cistern). Changes in the technical condition of the cars will have a great impact on fuel and lubricants. Fuel and lubricant materials and technical liquids are selected based on the use of automotive and natural and climatic conditions and mechanisms. The quality of combustion lubricants is assessed by its physical and chemical properties. The quality of the gasoline is assessed by the presence of mechanical impurities in the composition, the ability to form deposits, corrosion resistance, detonation stability and fractional composition. Diesel combustion, methane count, mechanical noise absorption, and araffin content. Using diesel fuel in winter versions causes a number of difficulties.
References:
1. Avtomobillar texnik ekspluatatsiyasi.Textbook, Namangan, 2017.
2. Негматов С.С., Собиров Б.Б., Рахмонов Б.Ш., Салимсаков Ю.А. Основаны создания герметизирующих композиционных материалов для дорог, мостов и аэродромов // Ташкент: ГУП «Фан ва тараккиёт», 2012.
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