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TRANSITION TO THE NEW PRINCIPLES IN ECOLOGY
E. Voronova, assistant professor, E. Lobkova, student, KhNAHU
Abstract. The article discusses the problems of the depletion of natural resources and sharp environment quality deterioration. Ways of transition to a new ideology towards ecology is offered by the student.
Key words: well-being, crucial conflicts, depletion, environment requirements, scope, ecology, approach, transition.
Introduction The Epoch of crucial conflicts
In history of humanity there always were many questions and tasks on which successful decision well-being and further development of any society depended. However there had been problems representing a certain threshold behind which any public progress could have been extremely complicated or actually impossible.
We live in the epoch of crucial conflicts between people and nature when the irrational economic activity has upset the dynamic balance of planet’s biosphere causing its destruction in progress in the epoch of scientific and technical progress when anthropogenous influences become more and more intensive and large scaled. This process is accompanied by the depletion of natural resources and sharp environment quality deterioration. Nature loses its unique ability to self-restoration. A serious danger represents great environmental pollution, pollution-atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere causing mass diseases of plants, animals and people and threatening the further evolution on the Earth. In this connection the problems of quality surveillance and regulation of environment improvement of nature management and the ecological policy becomes greatest importance.
Transition to a new ideology towards ecology
Ecology is a uniting beginning and a science of restrictive forecasts in all reasonable human activities on the Earth. It is a definite scientific - practical discipline being the basis of optimization of mutual relations of economic relations of man with the biosphere.
Now ecology intensively studies the interaction of a man and the biosphere public production with the environment and many other problems. This term has caused “ecologization” of modern scientific
disciplines and become an integral part of our life. Ecology constantly increases a set of considered factors of the environment studying their influence on individuals, population, communities and man. Direct ties of ecology and economic activities of a man especially with such enterprises as energetic complexes of fuel extraction, resources, transport, agriculture and others from here follow. It is already impossible to conduct economic activity of man on the Earth without ecological regulation of enterprises and realization of drastic measures on suppression of emissions of harmful substances in the environment.
In the epoch of scientific and technical revolution there appeared a paradoxical situation: on the one hand knowledge and technical opportunities of man became a basis for creating of powerful productive forces capable to conduct an active approach to the nature, to change the surface of the Earth, subordinating environment to the interests of the society. On the other hand - the lack of knowledge especially in questions of environment limits the ability to estimate the degree of influence of society’s productive forces on the nature completely and correctly.
Therefore to meet the ecological crisis and to solve successfully the ecological problems it is necessary to transit to a new ideology, ecologization of the economy and production, and the post-industrial ecology-oriented civilization. This requires a new system of knowledge based on uniform theory and falling outside the traditional scope of biological ecology.
In our opinion to correspond these requirements future ecologists should have a clear view on the character and scale of all kinds of anthropogenous influences on natural environment (physical, chemical and biological) and consequences of these influences on the ways of estimating condition of atmosphere impurity and water objects, on existing methods of calculation and mathematical modelling
of distribution of harmful impurities on the environment and also on the norms of national and international legislation in the field of preservation of the environment from pollution and exhaustion.
Studying at the Kharkiv National and Highway University on specialty ecology and environmental protection we can with confidence say that we have received deep and extensive knowledge having studied such disciplines as chemistry, physics, mathematics, biology, basis ecology, radioecology, meteorology, hydrology, monitoring of environment and many other subjects necessary for fruitful work in the field of ecology. Except theoretical knowledge, we have got an opportunity to receive unique practical skills of working on the environment protection. Laboratory classes at the university and at such Institutes as the Ukrainian State Research and Design Technological Institute of Water Supply, Sewerage Drainage and Environmental Protection and “The Institute of mechanical engineering problems”, have considerably expanded our skills and abilities. The researches executed under the supervision of scientific chiefs have become not only the base of the diploma projects but also the beginning of future scientific and practical activity. Therefore we think that experience and knowledge received at university will help us as future specialists in organizing human activity in conditions of rigid ecological imperatives.
However at the same time it is necessary to remember that the significance and global character of mutually interacted problems between society and nature should perceive not only a limited number of scientists but also the absolute majority of people living on the Earth. It is clear that the environmental problems (as a set of questions on preservation of the environment and rational use of natural resources), being a global problem, infringes interests of the population of our planet, interests of all modern states and at last interests of each person living on the Earth.
Conclusion “To expect and to prevent”
According to the opinion of many well-known scientists in the XXI century it is necessary to pass from the principle “to react and to correct” to a principle “to expect and to prevent”. It means that the
care of the environment and its protection should become an obligatory requirement of the international, national and regional economic and technical unification of people. Especially it is necessary to remember that victory of kindness in the world and in human souls depends first of all on a man.
The central problem facing the humanity today is how the society should be organized to provide coevolution of biosphere and a man to provide the further development of civilization.
Careful attitude to the nature and ecologization of thinking should become a norm of a man’s behavior. There is no way for survival now except ecologization of economy.
Support of ecological priorities becomes the most important element of social progress. These priorities gradually get a character of absolute values. Hence today and in the future any economic decision that breaks scientifically proved medical, ecological or other requirements to the environment are basically unacceptable. To step back from it means to make the life not only of present but of future generations a sacrifice to selfish interests of all living beings of today.
Therefore only radical changes of mutual relation between a man and nature will allow to avoid destiny of dinosaurs. We should change the priorities: the greatest value should become clean air, soil, water and foodstuffs.
Literature
1. Канило П.М., Бей И.С., Ровенский А.И.
Автомобиль и окружающая среда. -
Харьков: Прапор, 2000. - 304с.
2. Владимиров А.М., Ляхин Ю.И., Матвеев Л.Т.,
Орлов В.Г. Охрана окружающей среды. -Ленинград: Гидрометеоиздат, 1991. - 422с.
Рецензент: А.В. Бажинов, профессор, д.т.н., ХНАДУ.
Статья поступила в редакцию 11 января 2005 г.
